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Dental Hygiene Board Review > Oral Pathology > Flashcards

Oral Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

physiologic loss of tooth structure from tooth to tooth contact

A

attrition

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2
Q

pathologic form of of attrition, habitual grinding

A

bruxism

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3
Q

pathologic loss of tooth structure due to a chemical process

A

erosion

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4
Q

erosion from gastric secretions

A

perimolysis

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5
Q

pathologic loss of tooth structure from a mechanical process

A

abrasion

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6
Q

single enlarged tooth in which the tooth count is normal

A

gemination (twinning)

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7
Q

enlarged tooth when tooth count reveals missing tooth

A

fusion

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8
Q

deep surface invagination of the crown or root that is lined by enamel, teeth may become necrotic/infected

A

dens invaginatus (dens in dente)

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9
Q

large pulp chamber with furcation close to the apex, common in Down’s syndrome

A

Taurodontism

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10
Q

tooth enamel on root surface, no attachment to this so there is a pocket

A

enamel pearl (ectopic enamel)

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11
Q

no teeth

A

anadontia

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12
Q

missing 6 or more teeth

A

oligodontia

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13
Q

syndrome often associated with hypodontia

A

ectodermal dysplasia

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14
Q

has hyperdontia, hypoplastic clavicles

A

cleidocranial dysplasia

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15
Q

premalignant colon polyps, osteomas, epidermoid cysts, supernumerary teeth

A

Gardner’s syndrome

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16
Q

enamel defect of permanent tooth from infection in primary tooth

A

Turner’s hypoplasia of tooth

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17
Q

hereditary alteration in tooth structure, may be associated with osteogenesis imperfect (Brittle bone disease), obliterated pulp chambers and canals, translucent hue

A

dentinogenisis imperfecta (hereditary opalescent dentin)

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18
Q

hereditary alteration in tooth structure, pits/grooves in teeth, discolored

A

amelogenesis imperfecta

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19
Q

may occur after trauma, enlargement of chamber or canal, may look pink if in pulp chamber, tx- endo tx before perforation into periodontal membrane

A

internal resorption

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20
Q

flat brown lesion, not dependent on sun exposure, lower lip or intra oral, no tx necessary

A

melanotic macule (oral focal melanosis, oral freckle)

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21
Q

another name for amalgam tattoo

A

focal argyrosis

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22
Q

intra oral sebaceous (oil) glands, small, bilateral, yellow nodules of buccal mucosa and vermillion after puberty

A

fordyce’s granules

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23
Q

adrenal cortical insufficiency, too little steroid production, diffuse pigmentation “bronzing” of skin and mucosa

A

addison’s disease (hypoadrenocorticism)

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24
Q

caused from excessive pituitary gland ACTH production, can lead to weight gain, buffalo humor, moon facies, poor healing, usually from prescribed corticosteroid therapy

A

Cushing’s syndrome

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25
Q

white, hyperkeratotic, coarse, nodular, wrinkled appearance to hard palate in smokers, inflamed minor salivary glands

A

Nicotinic stomatits

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26
Q

milky white lesions of buccal mucosa that disappear when stretched

A

leukoedema

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27
Q

hyperkeratotic line of buccal mucosa along plane of occlusion

A

linea alba

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28
Q

white plaque that wipes off

A

pseudomembranous candidiasis

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29
Q

red, atrophic area, midline dorsal tongue, often seen in immunocompromised individuals

A

central papillary atrophy (median rhomboid glossitis)

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30
Q

fissured areas at corners of mouth, can be seen in severe riboflavin deficiency (vit B2), fungal

A

angular chelitis

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31
Q

topical tx of fungus

A

nystatin, clotrimazole

32
Q

systemic tx of fungus

A

ketoconazole, fluconazole (diflucan)

33
Q

areas of redness (atrophy of filiform papillae) surrounded by raised, white border, unknown cause, possible burning

A

geographic tongue (erythema migrans, benign migratory glossitis)

34
Q

smooth, pink, firm elevated nodules, most common “tumor” in oral cavity, receive hyperplasia of fibrous conn tissue in response to irritation or trauma

A

fibroma

35
Q

pedunculated, wart like, soft lesion, cause by HPV

A

papilloma

36
Q

what does HPV cause?

A

Verruca vulgaris (skin warts), condyloma acuminatum (genital warts), cervical cancer, papillomas

37
Q

fibroma around denture flange, esp poor fitting denture, excise tissue and remake denture

A

epilus fissuratum (inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia)

38
Q

papillary lesions under max denture, esp if never removed, tx- excise tissue and remove tissue

A

papillary hyperplasia of the palate (pseudopapillomatosis)

39
Q

composed of granulation tissue, vascular appearance, hormonal influence, exuberant tissue from local irritation/trauma

A

pyogenic granuloma

40
Q

exophytic lesion in carious teeth in children composed of granulation tissue, not painful, usually in kids before apice is all the way formed, tx- excision, endo

A

chronic hyperplastic pulpitis (pulp polyp, pulp granuloma)

41
Q

*multinucleated giant cells present, looks similar to pregnancy tumor

A

peripheral giant cell granuloma

42
Q

only on moveable mucosa, lower incidence in smokers, painful recurring, well circumscribed ulcers with erythematous halo

A

aphthous ulcer

43
Q

oral herpes

A

HSV1

44
Q

genital herpes

A

HSV2

45
Q

chicken pox and shingles

A

VZV varicella zoster virus

46
Q

kaposi’s sarcoma herpes virus, often complication of aids

A

HHV8

47
Q

occurs only on bounden keratinized mucosa (hard palate and attached ginger, vesicles rarely seen, healing 7-10 days

A

recurrent intra oral HSV

48
Q

etiology- EBV, white, furrows lines on lateral surface of tongue, may be first manifestation of HIV

A

oral hairy leukoplakia

49
Q

vascular neoplasm, multiple bluish purple macules and plaques, seen in HIV, HHV8

A

kaposi’s sarcoma

50
Q

caused by coxsackie virus, flu like symptoms, vesicles or ulcers of post oral cavity, nothing to do with herpes

A

herpangina

51
Q

caused by coxsackie virus, vesicles or ulcers of mouth, hands, feet, flu like symptoms

A

hand foot and mouth disease

52
Q

cancer, sun exposed skin

A

basal cell carcinoma

53
Q

most common oral cancer (95%), sun exposed skin, smoking an alcohol major risks, HPV also risk

A

squamous cell carcinoma aka epidermoid carcinoma

54
Q

pigmented tumor

A

melanoma

55
Q

cancer, wrinkled corrugated white lesion at site of placement

A

smokeless tobacco keratosis - snuff dippers lesion

56
Q

most common place for squamous cell carcinoma

A

lateral tongue, floor of mouth

57
Q

where does squamous cell carcinoma metastasize to 1st?

A

cervical lymph nodes

58
Q

autoimmune disease with dry eyes and mouth from inflammation

A

Sjogren syndrome

59
Q

this can cause loss of tongue papillae and discomfort, similar appearance in severe deficiencies of riboflavin, niacin, folic acid, cobalamin, iron

A

xerostomia

60
Q

cyst. lumen is derived from epithelium produced during tooth development, come from 1 of 2 things- rests of serres, rests of malassez

A

odontogenic cysts

61
Q

most common cyst, apex of necrotic tooth, well circumscribed unilocular radiolucency, tx- endo or extraction

A

radicular cyst (periapical cyst, apical periodontal cyst)

62
Q

cyst around crown of impacted tooth, unilocular

A

dentigerous cyst (follicular cyst)

63
Q

cyst that occurs in place of tooth

A

primordial cyst

64
Q

unilocular or mulitlocular - soap bubble, usually in post mand, high recurrence rate, unique epith lining, can be associated with basal cell carcinoma syndrome

A

odontogenic keratocyst

65
Q

usually unilocular *between roots of mand PMs, cannot probe b/c cyst in bone

A

lateral periodontal cyst

66
Q

cyst between max lat and canine

A

globulomaxillary cyst

67
Q

oval radiolucency of midline anterior maxilla, heart shaped due to ant nasal spine

A

nasopalatine duct cyst

68
Q

soft tissue cyst, often lifts ala of the nose

A

nasolabial cyst- nasolacrimal cyst

69
Q

malignancy of plasma cells, bone pain, punched out radiolucencies*, Bence jones proteins

A

multiple myeloma

70
Q

light chain immunoglobulins found in urine

A

Bence jones proteins

71
Q

derived from elements of tooth development

A

odontogenic tumor

72
Q

most common odontogenic tumor, composed of dentin, enamel, look like little teeth, tx- conservative excision

A

odontoma

73
Q

multilocular radiolucency (soap bubble, honey comb), post mand, high recurrence rate

A

ameloblastoma

74
Q

radiopaque lesion at apex of inflamed or necrotic tooth

A

Condensing osteitis (focal sclerosing osteomyeltis)

75
Q

*middle age black females, vital teeth, *no cortical bone expansion, *mixed radiolucent/radiopaque lesion, lower ant teeth

A

periapical cemental dysplasia (periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia, false cementoma)

76
Q

thickening and enlarging of the bones, cotton wool

A

page’s disease (Osteitis deformans)

Dental Hygiene Board Review (12 decks)

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