Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

102 > Radio Navigation > Flashcards

Radio Navigation Flashcards

1
Q

Radio Navigation: (Definition)

Types of Radio or Electronic Navigation: (3)

A

•An electronic method of navigation from a source outside the aircraft used for situational awareness and navigation.

•Types of Radio or Electronic Navigation
–Air / Ground Systems (VOR, NDB, GPS, ADS-B)
–Ground Controlled Systems (ATC Radar)
–Self Contained Systems (INS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Use of Radio Navigation:

Appropriate Use:

Inappropriate Use:

A

•Appropriate Use
–Use in conjunction with Pilotage and Dead Reckoning
–Guidance during times of reduced visibility
–Establish orientation
–Enhance Situational Awareness

•Inappropriate Use
–Sole Navigation Reference
–Substitute for Preflight Planning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How accurate is GPS?

A

•Position Accuracy is approximately within 100 meters, 95% of the time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

GPS TRIVIA:

How long does it take a GPS signal to travel from satellite to Earth?

How fast do GPS signals travel?

How fast is the nanosecond accuracy?

If clocks are off by 1/100th of a second how big of an error does that cause?

A
  • GPS signals take 6/100ths of a second to go from the satellite to the earth
  • GPS signals travel approximately 186,000 miles per second
  • Nanosecond accuracy – 0.000000001 seconds
  • If the clocks are off by 1/100th of a second that equals a 1,860 mile error.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

RAIM:

What does RAIM stand for?
What does it do?
How many satellites are required?
Without RAIM what are we left without?

A

•Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring

–The error check. The GPS is checking the integrity of the signal.

–5 satellites required

–“Without RAIM capability, the pilot has no assurance of the accuracy of the GPS position.”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

VOR: What does VOR stand for?

What is the frequency range?
What phase occurs when you transmit two signals?

What phase is it when transmitted all the way around?

How fast does it rotate?

What does VOR do?

A

•Very High Frequency Range
–108.0-117.95

•Transmits two signals
–Reference Phase

•Same all the way around
–Variable Phase•Rotates at 1800 RPM

•Measures the phase difference

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Types of VOR: (3)

A
  • VHF Omni-Directional Range (VOR)
  • VORTAC
  • VOR-DME
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Advantages (3) and Disadvantages (3) to VOR use:

A

•Advantages
–Concise form of Navigation
–Easy to interpret position
–Not heading sensitive

•Limitations
–Line of Sight
–Range

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

VOR Radials:

How many are there?
How many directions can they be flown?

Is the heading sensitive?

A
  • 360 different radials, that can each be flown in 2 directions
  • Is not heading sensitive
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Factors that effect VOR Frequency Reception

A
  • Altitude
  • Class of facility (service volume)
  • Location of facility
  • Terrain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Identifying a VOR Station:

What must you do prior to using?

How do you identify?

A

•Must do prior to using the VOR
– Ensure correct station is selected
– Ensure station is working

•Morse code identification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Components of a VOR or GPS indicator

A
  • Omnibearing Selector (OBS)
  • Course Deviation Indicator (CDI)
  • To-From Indicator
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

CDI Sensitivity

A

•“Full scale needle deflection”

•GPS enroute
–5 miles
–2 miles (WAAS equipped)
–Sensitivity remains constant

•VOR
–10 degrees
–Navigation becomes more sensitive as you get closer to the VOR ground antenna

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

G1000 dots as opposed to Traditional dots

A 
G1000 = 2 dots
Traditional = 5 dots
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Interpreting VOR direction

A
  • Turn the OBS so that the CDI is aligned
  • Make sure that it has a FROM indication
  • Draw out where you are in relation to the station
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

VOR Terms:

Cone of confusion:
Zone of Ambiguity:

What do they both result in?

A
  • Cone of confusion: Area directly above the VOR where there is no clear indication to the aircraft which radial it is currently on.
  • Zone of ambiguity: Area perpendicular to the selected course where the aircraft does not have a clear indication if it is the TO or FROM side of the VOR.
  • Both result in a OFF or NAV indication.
17
Q

Recognizing Lost NAV: (3)

Corrective Actions (3)

A
  • NAV/OFF flag appears
  • Morse Code no longer heard
  • Inoperative CDI

•Corrective Actions
–Pilotage and Dead Reckoning
–Secondary radio navigation
–ATC

18
Q

Flying A Course: GPS Vs. VOR

A 
GPS
•Able to navigate to any waypoint in the database
–Airport
–Any NAVAID
–Airway Intersection
–User created waypoint

VOR
•Ground antenna
–Commonly located at airports

19
Q

VOR / GPS Tracking(2)

A
  • Fly from one point to the other keeping the CDI centered

* Bracket by keeping a stabilized crosswind correction

20
Q

Reverse Sensing:

Definition
Common mistake by setting what incorrectly?

If wrong course is set in what will happen?

A
  • Definition: CDI will indicate the opposite of the actual indication– right means left.
  • Common mistake by setting in the incorrect OBS setting

•If wrong course is set in:
– Needle will move farther away when correcting

21
Q

Avoiding Reverse Sensing: (3)

A
  • Make sure that OBS course matches Aircraft Heading
  • If you want to head TO the station line up TO indication

•If you want to head FROM the station line up FROM
Indication

22
Q

VOR Cross Checking

What is it?
How is it done? (3)

A

•Use two VORs to find your exact position

– Center both VORs with a from indication
– Draw out the radials
– Where they cross is where you are at

23
Q

Intercepting a VOR/GPS

How do you do it?

A
  • Set the OBS
  • Turn the aircraft to parallel the course
  • The intercept heading will be in the same direction that the CDI is deflected
24
Q

What should intercept angle be? (3 Common Angles)

Factors? (3)

A

•What should the intercept angle be?
–30⁰, 45⁰, 60⁰ angles are common

•Factors:
–Wind
–Distance from the station/airport
–Ground speed

25
Q

Automatic Direction Finder (ADF)

A

•What should the intercept angle be?
–30⁰, 45⁰, 60⁰ angles are common

•Factors:
–Wind
–Distance from the station/airport
–Ground speed

26
Q

Advantages and Limitations of ADF

A

Advantages:
•Simple
•Reliable
•Not restricted to Line of Sight

Disadvantages:
•Twilight/Night Effect
•Static/Lightening Effect

27
Q

Ground Equipment for ADF:

What does it transmit on and in what directions?
What are frequencies used?

A

•Non-directional Radio Beacon (NDB)

–Transmits the same signal in all directions
–190 through 1750 kHz

28
Q

DEFINE:

Relative Bearing:
Magnetic Heading:
Magnetic Bearing:

•RB + MH = MB

A

•Relative Bearing
–What is read from the Indicator
–Degrees from nose of aircraft to the station

•Magnetic Heading
–What is read from the Heading Indicator
–Degrees from North to nose of aircraft

•Magnetic Bearing
–Where you are in relation to the station
–Degrees from north to the station

•RB + MH = MB

29
Q

WAAS:

What does WAAS it stand for?
What happens to GPS Position Accuracy?
What does WAAS do?

A
  • Wide Area Augmentation System
  • GPS position accuracy goes from 100 meters to 7
•WAAS utilizes a ground antenna network covering the United States to determine GPS error
–Ground reference station (25)
–Master station (2)
–Geostationary satellite
–Ground uplink station (4)
30
Q

LAAS:

What does it stand for?

What is accuracy for LAAS?

How many ground antennas does LAAS use to determine gps error with, and what is the radius?

Previous version was known as what and what is it now used for?

A
  • Local Area Augmentation System
  • LAAS can achieve measurement accuracies of better than one meter
  • LAAS utilizes four ground antennas to determine GPS error within a 20 – 30 nm radius
  • A previous version known as “differential GPS” still exists today with agricultural applications

102 (29 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions