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HERC REVISION > RADAR > Flashcards

RADAR Flashcards

1
Q

What is the order of the electromagnetic spectrum?

A

Radio, microwaves, Infrared, Visible, UltraViolet, X-Rays, Gamma Rays.

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2
Q

What are the specs of our radar?

A

Synthetic Aperture
Doppler beam sharpening & pulse doppelar
Phase modulated

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3
Q

What dictates resolution in range and azimuth?

A

Range-Pulse width

Azimuth-beamwidth

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4
Q

Describe antenna gain?

A

Ability to focus energy in a given direction

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5
Q

Describe mono pulse tracking?

A

Like sequential lobing except single lobe and 4 receivers detect errors

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6
Q

Describe sequential lobing

A

Antenna beams switch between multiple locations alternately. Angular error can be indicated. Sequential lobing gives the position of the target with high accuracy.

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7
Q

What are the 3 types of radar tracking?

A

Conical
Sequential lobing
Monopulse

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8
Q

What dictates antenna size?

A

Frequency

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9
Q

How many modes can the radar operate at a time

A

2 in alternate sweeps (ONLY THE NAV CAN SELECT THIS)

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10
Q

What are the six possible radar modes

A
  • Weather
  • Map (either doppelar bean sharpening DBS or monopulse ground mapping MGM, or real beam ground map RBGM)
  • Beacon (ground beacon GBCN, or Air beacon ABCN)
  • Skin paint
  • Precision measurement
  • ## Windshear mode
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11
Q

What does RTP stand for & where is it located. How is it cooled?

A

Receiver, transmitter, processor.
Located just forward of the LOX container in nose wheel well
Cooled by ducted cooled air from built in fans

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12
Q

Where is the radar antenna and what 3 things does it consist of?

A

In the radome housing

  • RF amplifier
  • Processer
  • Drive motors
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13
Q

Radar power requirements?

A

28V DC & 115V AC From ESS AC BUS

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14
Q

What is the radar system called

A

AN/APN-241

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15
Q

How do you select two separate modes?

A
  • Beacon mode can be overlayed onto WX, MAP or SP by selecting one of the 3, then Beacon.
    OR
  • The operator can select PREC mode once Map (DBS or MGM is selected)

However the Nav will only be able to select one mode if the pilot control panel is in charge

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16
Q

When is the pilot in control of the radar?

How to pass back & foward the control

A
  • If the pilot station is powered up >15 secs before the Nav station
  • PLT button on Nav control panel
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17
Q

Increments for rocker controlled parameters?

A
  • 0.2deg for angles
  • 1dB for gain
  • 1 (of 16) grey shade for video brightness
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18
Q

What buttons are not functional on the LEP?

A

SKE, FP and ORIG

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19
Q

How is a failure of the Low voltage power supply (LVPS) indicated?

A

If no radar display is observed within 11 seconds after the guarded power ON button is pressed, and both Nav & Pilot “ON” lights are out.

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20
Q

When selecting MAP button, what modes does it switch between, and when will it auto-select each one

A 
- DBS
Selected when map falls within coverage
- MGM
when INU DEGR, INU ALIGN or ATT DEGR is detected
- RBGM
When STAB LOST is detected
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21
Q

What displays when turbulence is indicated

A

Flashing bright green (1/2 sec on, 1/2 sec off)

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22
Q

What beam is WX mode performed in

A

Pencil beam

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23
Q

Describe in basic terms the windshear mode & what scan pattern?

A

coherent pulse doppelar designed to detect the presence of low level microburst windshear in the T/O & landing environments. Uses a two bar scan pattern

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24
Q

Describe the WS mode two bar scan pattern

A

The lower bar is a function of altitude & and scans just above the terrain to measure low level horizontal winds
The upper scan bar looks up approx 5deg.
WS mode then combines data from the two bars to make an estimation of vertical windshear.

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25
Q

Display format for WS mode

A
  • 10nm range (WS processed for 5nm)
  • Only HDG up display available
  • Displays normal weather
  • When WS is detected, superimposed icons appear (Red & black striped)
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26
Q

How big is a hazard area of WS

A

Generally defined as at least 900m

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27
Q

What does WS SEL mean

A

WS mode is selected at Nav panel but not active on pilots display.

28
Q

Ranges for BCN mode?

A

1.5 - 40nm

29
Q

When BCN is selected, what is the default?

What does a second selection give?

A 
Ground beacon (GBCN), antenna tilts down & spread beam is selected.
On second selection, Air beacon (ABCN), antenna tilts up to 0deg with pencil beam
30
Q

What can beacon be overlayed on

A

DBS, WX, MGM, SP

31
Q

Why choose MGM?

A

Use when higher update rates are required.

32
Q

what does the ISO button do

What is a catch

A

Selects iso-echo presentation of weather return.

ALL strong reflectivity regions are shown in black rather than green

33
Q

ISO button possible positions?

A
  • OFF
  • Light (green)
  • moderate (yellow)
  • Heavy (red)
34
Q

ISO rain rates, catch?

A
  • Light: green (1-4mm/hr)
  • Moderate: yellow (4-12mm/hr)
  • Red: heavy (12-50mm/hr)
    In each selection, all heavier rain is shown in BLACK
35
Q

SP mode characteristics

A
  • Antenna beam is in pencil, (two-bar scan if only mode selected)
  • max sector size +/- 60
  • range scale limited to 20nm
36
Q

SP mode: adjustable clutter notch

A
  • L: 55kts
  • M: 70kts
  • H: 110kts
37
Q

Tilt control increments & limits

Where is the tilt readout located

A

increments 0.2deg steps
limits +10 & -15

Readout bottom LHS of radar screen

38
Q

Gain control increments & limits

  • Normal
  • Beacon mode
A
  • Increments 1 dB, range of +/- 30dB

- BCN: changes angular width of beacon return out to max 10deg

39
Q

What does OUT OF CAL mean?

A

When gain is altered in WX or WS mode away from the optimum calculated figure.
Means that the iso-echo contour is not calibrated to certain rainfall rates

40
Q

What does the SCTR button do?
Standard on start up
Standard for offset PPI
Other sector sizes

A
  • Sector size
  • Steps through the various sector sizes
  • Standard on start up: +/- 135 deg
  • Other sector sizes: 135/60/30/15
41
Q

What does the EXP button do

Where is it annotated?

A

EXPAND

  • ranges are 1:1, 2:1 and 4:1
  • Annotated next to range scale on screen with 2X or 4X
42
Q

How to use EXP button

A

Move cursor to the region you would like to expand, select the button.

43
Q

What doe the FZE button do

What does the “bug” mean

A

Causes radar to complete the scan in progress then stops all emissions.
Indicates present a/c position & HDG

44
Q

What does the LOCK OUT message mean

A

If the freeze button is selected while either pilot or Nav have WS mode on, this message with appear. FZE cannot be selected.

45
Q

What does the PREC button do

What must you be in for it to work

A

Precision position update

  • Causes radar to make elevation measurements about the cursor & locks out the pilots
  • Radar must be EXP or offset & cursor must be either CMPR or GRND. DBS or MGM must be selected
46
Q

Range scales available, why?

A

0.5, to 320nm IOT match the SPs and DCPs

47
Q

SYM button function?

A

Adjusts symbology brightness,

48
Q

CUR button function

A

adjusts cursor brightness

49
Q

VID button function

A

Map contrast and brightness for the other modes

50
Q

RGM function

A

Range ring brightness

51
Q

BEAM function

A

controls antenna beam selection in map & beacon modes, used to override the default beam selection.

52
Q

OFS function

A

Centered/offset

53
Q

HDG function

A

Selects orientation of display, either HDG/TRK/NORTH or DZ HDG.

54
Q

CM function, what are the 2 modes?

A

selects cursor mode

  • Manual (default)
  • Ground: use for obtaining Lat/long from cursor position (shown upper RH corner of display)
55
Q

TST button function

A

puts the radar in an initiated BIT mode

56
Q

PLT button function

A

Controls who is in charge of the radar

57
Q

What does the left button on the track handle do

A

resets the cursor to centre of display at 1/2 the scale.

58
Q

What does the centre button on the track handle do

A

scrolls the cursor

59
Q

What does the right button on the track handle do

What cursor mode do you need to be in

A

Mark point commands FMS to store the location of the cursor. This point can then be used as an immediate waypoint. (Up to 5 can be stored)
Function occurs only in GROUND CURSOR MODE

60
Q

what does the WX COOL message mean

A

A fault has be detected with the radar cooling system

61
Q

What EGI?

A

2

62
Q

What does an EGI provide the radar?

A

Stabilisation and orientation

63
Q

Loss of stab results in the loss of what radar functions?

A

DBS, ground cursor, WS mode, SP mode, PREC mode

64
Q

3 Windshear levels & when is it active?

A

1: >3nm away (advisory)
2: 1.5-3nm away (warning)
3 <1.5nm away (WNG DISPLAYED)

Active below 2300ft

65
Q

Radar fail codes

A

S: serious
M: maintenance
D: degraded

HERC REVISION (14 decks)

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