radanat 2

Question 1

enable the radiographer to obtain radiographs of optimal quality consistently for a wide variety of body types.

Answer 1

surface landmarks

Question 2

if not used for radiographic positioning or if they are
used incorrectly, the chance of having to repeat the radiograph greatly increases.

Answer 2

surface landmarks

Question 3

c1

Answer 3

mastoid tip

Question 4

c2, c3

Answer 4

gonion

Question 5

c3, c4

Answer 5

hyoid bone

Question 6

c5

Answer 6

thyroid cartilage

Question 7

c7, t1

Answer 7

vertebra prominens

Question 8

t1

Answer 8

approximately 2 inches above level of jugunal notch

Question 9

t2, t3

Answer 9

jugunal notch

Question 10

t4, t5

Answer 10

sternal angle

Question 11

t7

Answer 11

inferior angles of scapulae

Question 12

t9, t10

Answer 12

xiphoid process

Question 13

l2, l3

Answer 13

inferior costal margin

Question 14

l4, l5

Answer 14

superior most aspect of iliac crest

Question 15

s1, s2

Answer 15

anterior posterior iliac spine (ASIS)

Question 16

coccyx

Answer 16

pubic symphysis and greater trochanters

Question 17

located where there is a palpable bony protuberance or where suture join.

Answer 17

skull landmarks

Question 18

They are surgical landmarks and craniometric points, used for radiological or
antrhopological skull measurement.

Answer 18

skull landmarks

Question 19

smooth part of the forehead above and between the eyebrows.

Answer 19

glabella

Question 20

vertical, sometimes indistinct, line found along the midline on the body of
the mandible.

Answer 20

symphysis menti

Question 21

point on each lower human jaw closest to the vertex of the gonial angle.

Answer 21

gonion

Question 22

Also known as bridge of the nose, is the midline bony depression between the eyes where the frontal and two nasal bones meet, just below the glabella.

Answer 22

nasion

Question 23

A point lying near the base of the nose; specifically the point at the base of the anterior nasal spine that lies on the medial line; tip of the anterior nasal spine.

Answer 23

acanthion

Question 24

junction on the side of the posteroinferior calvarium where three sutures meet:

• parietomastoid suture
• occipitomastoid suture
• lambdoid suture

Answer 24

asterion

Question 25

midline bony landmark where the coronal and sagittal sutures meet, between the frontal and two parietal bones.

Answer 25

bregma

Question 26

midline bony landmark at the most superior part of the calvaria in the standard anatomical position, near the midpoint of the sagittal suture (between the bregma and lambda).

Answer 26

vertex

Question 27

midline bony landmark where the lambdoid sutures and sagittal suture meet, between the occipital and two parietal bones. It may be a depression and therefore palpable.

Answer 27

lambda

Question 28

tip of the external occipital protuberance (EOP), the midline bony prominence in the occipital bone from which the ligamentum nuchae and trapezius muscle attach. It is usually easily palpable.

Answer 28

inion

Question 29

H-shaped formation of sutures on the side of the calvarium representing the junction of four skull bones: * the greater wing of the sphenoid bone * squamous portion of the temporal bone * frontal bone * parietal bone

Answer 29

period

Question 30

GML

Answer 30

glabellomeatal line

Question 31

OML

Answer 31

orbitomeatal line

Question 32

IOML (Reid's base line)

Answer 32

infraorbitomeatal line

Question 33

AML

Answer 33

acanthiomeatal line

Question 34

LML

Answer 34

lips-meatal line

Question 35

MML

Answer 35

mentomeatal

Question 36

GAL

Answer 36

glabelloalveolar

Question 37

EAM

Answer 37

external acoustic meatus or Auricular point

Question 38

TEA

Answer 38

top of ear attachment

Question 39

SOG

Answer 39

supraorbital groove

Question 40

IPL

Answer 40

interpupillary line

Question 41

IOM

Answer 41

infraorbital margin

Question 42

SOM

Answer 42

supraorbital margin

Question 43

Common variations in the shape of the human body

Answer 43

body habitus

Question 44

determines the size, shape, and position of the organs of the thoracic and abdominal cavities.

Answer 44

body habitus

Question 45

Body habitus directly affects the location of the following:

Answer 45

* Heart * Lungs * Diaphragm * Stomach * Colon * Gallbladder

Question 46

4 types of body habitus

Answer 46

sthenic asthenic hyposthenic hypersthenic

Question 47

may also be affected by the type of habitus because of wide variations in physical tissue density.

Answer 47

selection of kVp and mAs

Question 48

Body habitus and the placement of the thoracic and abdominal organs are also important in the

Answer 48

determination of technical and exposure factors for the appropriate radiographic density and contrast and the radiation doses.

Question 49

Build: Moderately heavy Abdomen: Moderately long Thorax: Moderately short, broad, and deep Pelvis: Relatively small

Answer 49

sthenic (50% of population)

Question 50

Build: Frail Abdomen: Short Thorax: Long, shallow Pelvis: Wide

Answer 50

asthenic (10%)

Question 51

this habitus is the most difficult to classify.

Answer 51

hyposthenic (35%)

Question 52

Build: Massive Abdomen: Long Thorax: Short, broad, deep Pelvis: Narrow

Answer 52

hypersthenic (5%)

Question 53

Organs and characteristics for this habitus are intermediate between sthenic and asthenic

Answer 53

hyposthenic

Question 54

dominant type of habitus

Answer 54

sthenic

Question 55

The relative shape of patients with a sthenic or hyposthenic body habitus and the position of their organs are referred to in clinical practice as?

Answer 55

ordinary or average

Question 56

more than 85% of population has either what body habitus

Answer 56

sthenic or hyposthenic

Question 57

two extreme habitus

Answer 57

asthenic and hypersthenic

Question 58

athletic type of body habitus

Answer 58

sthenic

Question 59

simply a classification of the four general shapes of trunk of human body

Answer 59

body habitus