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Exotic and Laboratory Animals > Rabbit > Flashcards

Rabbit Flashcards

1
Q

What order were the Rabbits reclassified into?

A

Lagomorpha due to dentition

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2
Q

How many pairs of incisors do rabbits have?

A

Two pairs of upper incisors

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3
Q

What genus are rabbits classified under?

A

Oryctolagus

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4
Q

What genus are Hares classified under?

A

Lepus

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5
Q

What are Cottontails classified under?

A

Sylvilagus

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6
Q

What is the scientific name of rabbits that are kept as pets and used in biomedical research?

A

Oryctolagus cuniculus

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7
Q

Who were the first to domesticate the rabbit?

A

Romans

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8
Q

Why are cottontail rabbits or hares rarely seen as pet animals

A

Because they do not do well in captivity

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9
Q

Do Rabbit genera interbreed?

A

No

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10
Q

How many recognized species of lagomorphs are there?

A

80

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11
Q

What factors account for Rabbits relatively light weight compared with their size?

A

High muscle/bone ratio and large body fat reserve

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12
Q

What sex of rabbits are larger?

A

Females are larger than males

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13
Q

What limbs are longer than the other?

A

Hindlimbs are longer than forelimbs

Making them well adapted for running

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14
Q

Do rabbits have foot pads?

A

No. The soles of the hind feet are covered with fur

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15
Q

What do the toes terminate into?

A

Long, nearly straight claws

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16
Q

What species has small, rudimentary clavicle?

A

Leporidae

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17
Q

What are the Fur breeds?

A

Rex
Angora
Satin

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18
Q

What are the Fancy Breeds?

A

Belgian Hare
Lop
Dwarf

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19
Q

What breed is used in biomedical research?

A

New Zealand white

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20
Q

What are common pet breed of rabbits?

A

Dutch belted
Flemish giant
Polish
Chinchilla

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21
Q

What is an adult male rabbit called?

A

Buck

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22
Q

What is the adult female rabbit called?

A

Doe

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23
Q

What is a baby rabbit called?

A

Kit

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24
Q

What is the normal heart rate of rabbits?

A

180-250 bpm

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25
Q

What is the normal respiratory rate of rabbits?

A

30-60 bpm

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26
Q

What is the estrous cycle for rabbits?

A

Induced ovulators

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27
Q

What is the estrus duration of rabbits?

A

Prolonged

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28
Q

What is the gestation length of rabbits?

A

29-35 days

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29
Q

What is the distinguishing feature of rabbits?

A

Peg teeth or wolf teeth

2nd pair of upper incisors located just posterior to the 1st incisors

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30
Q

What happens if Malocclusion is left untreated?

A

Lead to anorexia and weight loss

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31
Q

What is the dewlap?

A

Prominent skin folds on the underside of the neck

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32
Q

What may lead to significant dermatitis?

A

Persistent wetness

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33
Q

What do the neutrophils of rabbits have?

A

Pseudoeosinophil or heterophil

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34
Q

What does the pseudoeosinophil or heterophil look like?

A

Predominant granule type that stains red and appears similar to the eosinophil of other mammals

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35
Q

Can rabbits vomit?

A

No

The stomach is large, thin walled and not compartmentalized

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36
Q

What is the terminal portion of the ileum called?

A

Sacculus rotunda

Round, expanded, muscular sac with attached lymphoid tissue

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37
Q

How big is the rabbit cecum?

A

Very large

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38
Q

What structure plays a role in cecotroph production

A

Fusus coli

39
Q

What are Cecotrophs, known as soft feces or “night feces” composed of?

A

Water
Nitrogen
Electrolytes
Vitamins

40
Q

What does rabbit urine look like?

A

Thick and creamy

41
Q

What genitourinary system abnormalities are common in rabbits?

A

Albuminuria

Proteinuria

42
Q

What type of crystals are common in rabbits?

A

Ammonium magnesium phosphate

Calcium carbonate crystals

43
Q

What is the pH of rabbit urine?

A

Highly alkaline

pH greater than 8.0

44
Q

What color is rabbit urine?

A

Usually dark brown to yellow

45
Q

What does the female uterus have?

A

It is duplex with two cervixes and two cervical orifices

Vets can spay only one side and rabbits can still have babies

46
Q

Domestic rabbits were the first animal models for what?

A

Atheroscierosis

47
Q

Feeding a diet high in what will cause lesions similar to human atherosclerosis?

A

High in cholesterol & high fat

48
Q

What makes rabbits useful in antibody production and other studies for which large volumes of blood must be collected?

A

Ease of handling and large readily accessible ear veins

49
Q

Rabbits are used in what kind of opthalmalic studies?

A

Eye irritancy evaluations

50
Q

How do you sex a rabbit?

A

apply gentle digital pressure
Females have a slitlike opening
Males have a rounded urethral opening

51
Q

What breeds develop more rapidly?

A

Dutch and Polish

52
Q

What is the litter size of rabbits?

A

4 to 12 kits

53
Q

What is the percentage of body weight that kits consume in just a few minutes?

A

20%

54
Q

When does weaning occur?

A

5-8 weeks

55
Q

What is common in Does and results from mounting by other Does or stimulation of a nearby male?

A

Pseudopregnancy

56
Q

How long does pseudopregnancy last?

A

15 to 17 days

57
Q

What is parturition called in rabbits?

A

Kindling

58
Q

What are stock or outbred rabbits

A

Randomly bred

Not inbred

59
Q

What are Outbred stocks available in?

A

New Zealand white
California
Dutch belted

60
Q

What is a commonly used strain of rabbits?

A

Watanabe hyperlipidemic strain

61
Q

What are outbred stocks described by?

A

Source : Stock name

62
Q

What are many rabbits used in biomedical research designated as?

A

SPF

Specific pathogen free

63
Q

What kind of rabbits may become aggressive?

A

Group-housed

64
Q

What kind of cages should rabbits be housed in?

A

Solid-bottom cages

65
Q

What kind of litter should be avoided in rabbits?

A

Clay cat litter or wood shavings

Shredded paper should be used instead

66
Q

What environmental enrichment should be provided to rabbits?

A

Cage toys

Hay

67
Q

What is the preferred temperatures and humidity to keep rabbits in?

A

62 to 70 degrees F

30% to 70%

68
Q

What happens if rabbits are exposed to excessive temperature fluctuations or temperatures greater than 85 degrees F without ventilation?

A

Heat stress

69
Q

What are the ventilation requirements needed for rabbits?

A

10 to 15 room air changes per hour

70
Q

Rabbits are considered what kind of eaters?

A

Herbivorous and coprophagic

71
Q

How much protein and fiber does rabbit commercial feed contain?

A

15% protein

10% fiber

72
Q

What kind of diet is given to prevent the formation of hairballs and to minimize the tendency toward obesity?

A

Higher fiber diets

73
Q

What kind of food should not be given more than a few times per week because of the low nutritional value?

A

Clean, raw carrots and other vegetables

74
Q

What do rabbits develop when overfed supplemental foods?

A

Diarrhea

75
Q

How are rabbits removed from the cage?

A

By grasping the loose skin over the scruff and supporting the hindlimbs and tuck its head in the bend of the elbow

76
Q

What happens if hindlimbs are not well supported?

A

The rabbit tries to kick, its hindquarters twist and fracture at the 7th lumbar vertebrae occurs

77
Q

Is posterior paralysis easy to treat in rabbits?

A

No its not treatable

Animal must be euthanized

78
Q

What are relaxation techniques used in restraining rabbits

A

Place on its back in a V-trough with gentle strokes in a downward direction on its abdomen
Light massage of the masseter muscle
Dimming the lights or covering the rabbit eyes

79
Q

What is the most common method for permanent identification in rabbits?

A

Ear tattooing

80
Q

Where are the tattoos placed?

A

The nonvascular space of the ear pinna between the auricular artery and marginal vein

81
Q

What ear is reserved for registration marks in show rabbits?

A

Right ear

82
Q

How can medications administered in rabbits?

A 
Orally
Intranasally
Subcutaneous
Intravenous
Intramuscular
Intradermal
Intranasal
Nasogastric
83
Q

Where are subcutaneous injections given?

A

Loose skin over the scruff of the neck

84
Q

Where are intramuscular injections given in rabbits?

A

Large epaxial muscles
Quadriceps
Thigh muscles

85
Q

Where are intravenous injections given in rabbits?

A

The marginal ear vein

Use butterfly catheter and apply local anesthetic

86
Q

In what situations are ID injections given to rabbits?

A

In biomedical research when they are involved in antibody production protocols

87
Q

How many milliters of fluids can be administered SQ depending on the site chosen?

A

100 mL

88
Q

What is the maximum volume that can be given IM in a rabbit?

A

1.5 mL

89
Q

Where can IV catheters be placed?

A

Jugular
Cephalic
Saphenous

90
Q

Where can ID injections be given?

A

Along the back lateral to the spinal cord

91
Q

What is the volume that can be given ID?

A

0.1 mL

92
Q

What should be evident at the ID injection site?

A

A small, raised bleb.

If no bleb, it is likely the injection passed into the SQ space

93
Q

What is the space that exists between the incisors and premolars?

A

Distema

Exotic and Laboratory Animals (22 decks)

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