RA treatment

Question 1

This may occur continuously or only when a person touches the affected area.

Answer 1

Pain

Question 2

A condition call edema can develop if fluid builds up.

Answer 2

Swelling

Question 3

Increased blood flow may leave the affected area warm to the touch.

Answer 3

Heat

Question 4

This happens because of an increase in the blood supply to the capillaries in the area.

Answer 4

Redness

Question 5

There may be difficulty moving a joint, breathing, sensing smell, and so on.

Answer 5

Loss of function

Question 6

What is the meaning of NSAIDs?

Answer 6

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Question 7

is NSAIDs a strong organic or a weak organic?

Answer 7

Weak organic

Question 8

What is the main hepatic enzyme for NSAIDs?

Answer 8

CYP 3A and CYP 2C

Question 9

MOA of Aspirin?

Answer 9

Irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase

Question 10

Causes release of pyrogens?

Answer 10

PGE2

Question 11

what enzyme metabolizes aspirin?

Answer 11

Esterase

Question 12

what chemical does the aspirin is converted to when metabolized?

Answer 12

Acetic acid and salicylate

Question 13

How many days does the antiplatelet effect of Aspirin last?

Answer 13

8-10 days

Question 14

What is the Clinical uses of Aspirin?

Answer 14

Transient ischemic attacks, myocardial infarction, coronary artery thrombosis

Question 15

What is the adverse effects of Aspirin?

Answer 15

asthma, GI bleeding, ulcers, hepatotoxicity, renal toxicity at antithrombotic doses

Question 16

What are the nonacetylated salicylates?

Answer 16

Sodium salicylates
Salicyl salicylate
Magnesium Choline Salicylate

Question 17

Where is COX-1 found?

Answer 17

GI tract, kidneys, and platelets

Question 18

• Has a affinity of 10-20x for COX-2
• fewer endoscopic ulcers but may cause rashes
• SULDONAMIDE

Answer 18

Celecoxib

Question 19

is an enolcarboxamide related to piroxicam

Answer 19

Meloxicam

Question 20

Preferentially selective to COX-2

Answer 20

Meloxicam

Question 21

All NSAIDs, including aspirin, are about equally efficacious with a few exceptions—tolmetin seems not to be effective for gout, and aspirin is less effective than other NSAIDs (eg, indomethacin) for AS.

Answer 21

True
- aspirin is as effective as the other NSAIDs
- tolmetin is not that effective for gout
- Aspirin is less effective than other NSAIDs for AS

Question 22

Indomethacin and tolmetin is associated with the greatest…

Answer 22

toxicity

Question 23

Salsalate, aspirin, ibuprofen are associated with…

Answer 23

least toxicity

Question 24

Diclofenac and sulindac are associated with…

*liver

Answer 24

abnormality of liver function

Question 25

What is the meaning of DMARDs?

Answer 25

Delay-Modifying Anti-rheumatic Drugs

Question 26

what is the meaning of SAARDS?

Answer 26

Slow Acting Anti-rheumatic drugs

Question 27

When diagnosed with RA, DMARDs therapy should be started within?

Answer 27

3 months

Question 28

Monotherapy are for

Answer 28

Mild RA

Question 29

is DMARDs safe for pregnant women?

Answer 29

No

Question 30

What enzymes do Methotrexate inhibits?

Answer 30

- Thymidylate synthase - AICAR transformylase

Question 31

is the inhibition of Thymidylate synthase and AICAR transformylase by the Methotrexate INHIBITS production of CYTOKINE and PURINE NUCLEOTIDE BIOSYNTHESIS?

Answer 31

Yes

Question 32

How many weeks before methotrexate activity show?

Answer 32

3-6 weeks

Question 33

Antagonist of Methotrexate

Answer 33

Leucovorin

Question 34

Used for mild RA and often used with methotrexate

Answer 34

Hydroxychloroquine

Question 35

has less effects on the liver and immune system than other DMARDs; however, it may cause ocular toxicity

Answer 35

Hydroxychloroquine

Question 36

causes cell arrest of the autoimmune lymphocytes through its action on dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH)

Answer 36

Leflunomide

Question 37

a tetracycline antibiotic that is considered to be a DMARD.

Answer 37

Minocycline

Question 38

a DMARDs that is associated to leukopenia

Answer 38

Sulfasalazine

Question 39

provide symptomatic relief and bridge the time until DMARDs are effective.

Answer 39

Glucocorticoids

Question 40

proinflammatory cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of RA.

Answer 40

IL-1 and TNF-a

Question 41

immune cells responsible to RA

Answer 41

TNF-a IL-1 IL-1 B-CELL T-CELL

Question 42

kills CD20 antigen that depletes B-cell population in the surrounding

Answer 42

Rituximab

Question 43

Tocilizumab inhibits the actions of IL-6 by blocking the IL-6 receptor. 

Answer 43

Tocilizumab inhibits the actions of IL-6 by blocking the IL-6 receptor. 

Question 44

Phenacetin is the precursor of...

Answer 44

Acetaminophen

Question 45

Acetaminophen may be equivalent as analgesic and antipyretic for Aspirin however, it lacks anti-inflammatory effects.

Answer 45

Acetaminophen may be equivalent as analgesic and antipyretic for Aspirin however, it lacks anti-inflammatory effects.

Question 46

At what dosage for adult should not exceed for Acetaminophen?

Answer 46

4g/d

Question 47

- substitute for morphine - short term analgesic (1 week)

Answer 47

Ketorolac

Question 48

is a centrally acting synthetic analgesic, structurally related to opioids

Answer 48

Tramadol