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PHA 037 - PHARMACOLOGY > RA treatment > Flashcards

RA treatment Flashcards

1
Q

This may occur continuously or only when a person touches the affected area.

A

Pain

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2
Q

A condition call edema can develop if fluid builds up.

A

Swelling

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3
Q

Increased blood flow may leave the affected area warm to the touch.

A

Heat

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4
Q

This happens because of an increase in the blood supply to the capillaries in the area.

A

Redness

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5
Q

There may be difficulty moving a joint, breathing, sensing smell, and so on.

A

Loss of function

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6
Q

What is the meaning of NSAIDs?

A

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

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7
Q

is NSAIDs a strong organic or a weak organic?

A

Weak organic

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8
Q

What is the main hepatic enzyme for NSAIDs?

A

CYP 3A and CYP 2C

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9
Q

MOA of Aspirin?

A

Irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase

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10
Q

Causes release of pyrogens?

A

PGE2

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11
Q

what enzyme metabolizes aspirin?

A

Esterase

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12
Q

what chemical does the aspirin is converted to when metabolized?

A

Acetic acid and salicylate

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13
Q

How many days does the antiplatelet effect of Aspirin last?

A

8-10 days

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14
Q

What is the Clinical uses of Aspirin?

A

Transient ischemic attacks, myocardial infarction, coronary artery thrombosis

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15
Q

What is the adverse effects of Aspirin?

A

asthma, GI bleeding, ulcers, hepatotoxicity, renal toxicity at antithrombotic doses

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16
Q

What are the nonacetylated salicylates?

A

Sodium salicylates
Salicyl salicylate
Magnesium Choline Salicylate

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17
Q

Where is COX-1 found?

A

GI tract, kidneys, and platelets

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18
Q
  • Has a affinity of 10-20x for COX-2
  • fewer endoscopic ulcers but may cause rashes
  • SULDONAMIDE
A

Celecoxib

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19
Q

is an enolcarboxamide related to piroxicam

A

Meloxicam

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20
Q

Preferentially selective to COX-2

A

Meloxicam

21
Q

All NSAIDs, including aspirin, are about equally efficacious with a few exceptions—tolmetin seems not to be effective for gout, and aspirin is less effective than other NSAIDs (eg, indomethacin) for AS.

A

True
- aspirin is as effective as the other NSAIDs
- tolmetin is not that effective for gout
- Aspirin is less effective than other NSAIDs for AS

22
Q

Indomethacin and tolmetin is associated with the greatest…

A

toxicity

23
Q

Salsalate, aspirin, ibuprofen are associated with…

A

least toxicity

24
Q

Diclofenac and sulindac are associated with…

*liver

A

abnormality of liver function

25
Q

What is the meaning of DMARDs?

A

Delay-Modifying Anti-rheumatic Drugs

26
Q

what is the meaning of SAARDS?

A

Slow Acting Anti-rheumatic drugs

27
Q

When diagnosed with RA, DMARDs therapy should be started within?

A

3 months

28
Q

Monotherapy are for

A

Mild RA

29
Q

is DMARDs safe for pregnant women?

A

No

30
Q

What enzymes do Methotrexate inhibits?

A
  • Thymidylate synthase
  • AICAR transformylase
31
Q

is the inhibition of Thymidylate synthase and AICAR transformylase by the Methotrexate INHIBITS production of CYTOKINE and PURINE NUCLEOTIDE BIOSYNTHESIS?

A

Yes

32
Q

How many weeks before methotrexate activity show?

A

3-6 weeks

33
Q

Antagonist of Methotrexate

A

Leucovorin

34
Q

Used for mild RA and often used with methotrexate

A

Hydroxychloroquine

35
Q

has less effects on the liver and immune system than other DMARDs; however, it may cause ocular toxicity

A

Hydroxychloroquine

36
Q

causes cell arrest of the autoimmune
lymphocytes through its action on dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH)

A

Leflunomide

37
Q

a tetracycline antibiotic that is considered to be a DMARD.

A

Minocycline

38
Q

a DMARDs that is associated to leukopenia

A

Sulfasalazine

39
Q

provide symptomatic relief and bridge the time until DMARDs are effective.

A

Glucocorticoids

40
Q

proinflammatory cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of RA.

A

IL-1 and TNF-a

41
Q

immune cells responsible to RA

A

TNF-a
IL-1
IL-1
B-CELL
T-CELL

42
Q

kills CD20 antigen that depletes B-cell population in the surrounding

A

Rituximab

43
Q

Tocilizumab

inhibits the actions of IL-6 by blocking the IL-6 receptor. 

A

Tocilizumab

inhibits the actions of IL-6 by blocking the IL-6 receptor. 

44
Q

Phenacetin is the precursor of…

A

Acetaminophen

45
Q

Acetaminophen may be equivalent as analgesic and antipyretic for Aspirin however, it lacks anti-inflammatory effects.

A

Acetaminophen may be equivalent as analgesic and antipyretic for Aspirin however, it lacks anti-inflammatory effects.

46
Q

At what dosage for adult should not exceed for Acetaminophen?

A

4g/d

47
Q
  • substitute for morphine
  • short term analgesic (1 week)
A

Ketorolac

48
Q

is a centrally acting synthetic analgesic, structurally related to opioids

A

Tramadol

PHA 037 - PHARMACOLOGY (19 decks)

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