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VET - Pharm > Quiz1 p2 > Flashcards

Quiz1 p2 Flashcards

1
Q

Controlled substance

A

drugs that have the potential for abuse or dependence

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2
Q

What are the three criteria upon which the controlled substance schedule is based

A
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3
Q

What are the proper practices for veterinarians using and dispensing controlled drugs?

A
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4
Q

What is the statement that must be on a drug label to indicate that the drug is a prescription item

A

Prescription Drug Legend : “ Caution : Federal law restricts the use of this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian”

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5
Q

What is the VCPR and its importance

A

Veterinarian/Client/Patient Relationship; the vet assumes responsibility for clinical assessments based on sufficient knowledge about the animal’s health, need for treatment and follow-up care

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6
Q

What is the therapeutic range?

A

The dosage range or blood plasma or serum cencentration usually expected to achieve the desired therapeutic effect

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7
Q

Why is the therapeutic range important

A

The goal is to maintain drug concentrations in the body within the therapeutic range; correct dose and dosage procedures produce concentrations within the therapeutic range

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8
Q

What is the equation for the therapeutic index

A

TI = LD50/ED50 (lethal dose over effective dose)

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9
Q

How can you tell the margin of safety from the therapeutic index

A

a greater margin of safety is indicated by a large TI

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10
Q

Suppository

A

conical/ovoid solid or semisolid material inserted into body orifices; melt at body temp

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11
Q

Implant

A

Tablets/Pastes/Emulsions for SQ insertion; designed for slow absorption

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12
Q

Inhalant

A

Liquid that may be converted into an aerosol or mist to be used in a vaporizer or nebulizer and inhaled; rapidly absorbed into the blood stream

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13
Q

Liniment

A

a drug suspended in oily, soapy or alcoholbased substance; applied topically with friction, to relieve pain/counterirritant, may produce heat

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14
Q

Astringent

A

*** applied to the skin to reduce bleeding from minor abrasions or as a cosmetic to make the skin less oily

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15
Q

Ointment

A

a drug suspended in a semisolid, greasy preparation that melts at body temp

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16
Q

Lotion

A

a drug suspended in a liquid; applied by gently dabbing, brushing or dripping on skin without friction

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17
Q

Demulcent

A

*** a substance that relieves irritation of the mucous membranes in the mouth by forming a protective film

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18
Q

Preservative

A

*** substances that are added to pharmaceutical products to prevent any kind of physical, chemical or biological changes

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19
Q

Pharmacokinetics

A

the studyof the absorption, distribution, biotransformation (metabolism), and excretion of drugs

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20
Q

Pharmacodynamics

A

The study of the mechanisms of action of a drug and its biological and physiological effects

21
Q

Pharmacotherapeutics

A

field that examines the treatment of disease with medicine (the response of living organisms to drugs in the presence of disease)

22
Q

Pharmacognosy

A

*** the branch of knowledge concerned with medicinal drugs obtained from plants or other natural sources

23
Q

Glycosides

A
24
Q

Anhydrotics

A
25
Q

Glucosides

A
26
Q

Alkaloids

A
27
Q

Analeptics

A
28
Q

Enteric coating

A

drug is covered with a special coating that prevents the drug from dissolving in the stomach

29
Q

Extra-label use and examples

A
30
Q

What federa governement agency is responsible for controlled drug regulation

A

DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration)

31
Q

What regulatory agency is responsible for controlled drug regulation

A
32
Q

Latin abbrevs

A

Other Sheet

33
Q

Suspensions (what are they and why are they special)

A

Liquid preparations that contain solid drug particles suspended in a suitable medium; Not administered IV (Propofol is the exception)

34
Q

Enteral vs Parenteral drugs

A

Enteral - delivers the medicine directly to the animal’s GI tract (specifically sm intestine); Parenteral - delivers the drug by a route other than the GI tract (“excludes the intestine”)

35
Q

Dose

A

The amount of drug administered to a patient at one time to achieve the desired effect

36
Q

Dosage

A

The amount of drug per body weight of the animal (or other measure such as surface area)

37
Q

Dosage Interval

A

How frequently the dosage is given

38
Q

Dosage Regimen

A

The dosage interval and dosage together

39
Q

Loading Dose

A

The initial dose of a drug given to acheive drug concentration in the therapeutic range

40
Q

Maintenance Dose

A

The Dose of drug that keeps drug concentration in the therapeutic range quickly

41
Q

Total Daily Dose

A

(ttd) the total amount of drug delivered to the patient in 24 hrs

42
Q

Compare the 4 common routes of administration by their onset of action

A

IV - rapid onset, IM relative rapid onset (30 min), SQ - Slower onset/longer duration, IP - variable onset of action, ***

43
Q

What route of administration finds aseptic technique to be critical

A

Intraarticular

44
Q

List the parts of the prescription

A
45
Q

List the factors that influence which route of administration

A

Speed or rapidity of onset, site of action, physical and chemical properties of the drug, potential adverse effects/reactions, dosage form of the drug available, temperament of the patient being treated, abilities of the client

46
Q

List ways to intervene if drug toxicity develops

A

Stop or remove the offending drug, enhance drug removal by the animal, counteract or reverse with an antidote if available, provide supportive nursing care

47
Q

List the items required by the FDA that must be listed on a drug label

A

Drug names, Drug concentration and quantity, name and address of manufacturer, manufacturer’s control or lot number, expiration date, drug use, possible adverse effect, withdrawal time, control substance status

48
Q

ED50 vs LD50

A

ED50- the dose of the test drug that provides a desired effect in 50% of animals tested, LD50 - dose of test drug that kills 50% of animals tested

49
Q

Volatized vs Nebulized

A

Volatized - turned into gases, Nebulized - turned into a fine mist

VET - Pharm (17 decks)

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