Quiz Three

Question 1

what is bulk transport?

Answer 1

The transport of a bulk of materials in and out of the cell. It requires energy, but isn’t considered active transport

Question 2

endocytosis

Answer 2

taking large stuff inside a cell -a type of bulk
transport

the membrane, followed by the cytoplasm, engulfs whatever the cell is consuming. a vacuole then is formed around the bulk

Question 3

exocytosis

Answer 3

releasing large quantities of stuff out of the cell (a type of bulk transport)

a vesicle fuses with the cell membrane, which then opens, releasing the molecules from the cell

Question 4

phagocytosis

Answer 4

when large amounts of solids are taken into a cell “a cell eating”

Question 5

pinocytosis

Answer 5

“cell drinking” or taking in large amounts of liquid

Question 6

what is the specific name for a food vacuole?

Answer 6

phagosome

Question 7

binary fission

Answer 7

Eukaryotes undergo mitosis for cell division, while prokaryotes lacking nuclei undergo a much simpler process known as binary fission: a form of asexual reproduction, basically the cloning of cells

Question 8

steps of binary fission

Answer 8

1. cell elongates and DNA is replicated
2. cell wall and membrane begin to divide
3. cross wall forms completely around divided DNA
4. cells separate

Question 9

cell theory

Answer 9

1. all living things are made of cells
2. cells are the basic units of structure in living things
3. cells are derived from other cells

Question 10

endosymbiont theory

Answer 10

It is believed that eukaryotes evolved from prokaryotes:

1. a prokaryote ingested some aerobic bacteria (bacteria able to make their own ATP). a symbiotic relationship formed: the bacteria was sheltered by the bigger cell and the prokaryote got energy from the smaller cell who was able to make its own energy
2. overtime, these aerobes became mitochondria and couldn’t live without the bigger cell
3. some of these prokaryotes also ingested cyanobacteria. These bacteria contain photosynthetic pigments
4. over a period of time, these cynobacteria became chloroplasts and could no longer survive on their own

Question 11

evidence for the endosymbiont theory

Answer 11

• Chloroplasts and mitochondria are the only organelles that have double membranes
• They are the only organelles with their own DNA,
• suggesting that they were derived from an organism with its own membrane and DNA