Quiz 9 Study Guide

Question 1

Coronary arteries supply oxygenated blood to which organ

Answer 1

heart

Question 2

What is the function of capillary beds? What do they do in the body?

Answer 2

Capillary beds are made of capillaries—small blood vessels where exchanges between blood and tissue cells take place. They are located throughout the body with the exception of the epidermis and cornea.

good but key point for this section is that capillaries are how oxygen is supplied to the cells in organs/tissues of the body

Question 3

__________ ___________ is primarily associated with atherosclerosis.

Answer 3

Myocardial infarction

Question 4

What statement correctly describes the relationship between HDL and LDL?

Answer 4

LDL forms foam cells when in contact with macrophage, which can block arteries. HDL helps to reduce LDL by transporting it to the liver.

Question 5

The _______ transport oxygen-depleted blood to the heart

Answer 5

veins

Question 6

The ______ transport oxygen-rich blood from the heart.

Answer 6

Arteries

Question 7

Define stenosis

Answer 7

blood vessels narrowing

Question 8

Define thrombosis

Answer 8

blood clot formation

Question 9

Define embolism

Answer 9

artery blockage

Question 10

Define hemorrhage

Answer 10

blood vessel rupture

Question 11

Define arteriosclerosis

Answer 11

term for problems with blood flow in arteries due to thickening/hardening from lipid accumulation. Can lead to heart attack and/or stroke.

Question 12

define ischemic stroke

Answer 12

when a blood vessel that carries oxygen and nutrients to the brain is blocked by a clot

Question 13

define heart attack

Answer 13

myocardial infarction

Question 14

define hemorrhagic stroke

Answer 14

when a blood vessel that carries oxygen and nutrients to the brain bursts/ruptures

Question 15

define coronary heart disease

Answer 15

Blockages in the blood vessels that supply blood to the heart.

Question 16

define peripheral arterial disease

Answer 16

Blockages in the blood vessels that supply blood to the legs

Question 17

define cerebrovascular disease

Answer 17

Conditions that affect blood flow and the blood vessels in the brain.

Question 18

define congenital heart disease

Answer 18

a general term for a range of birth defects that affect the normal way the heart works.

Question 19

define deep vein thrombosis

Answer 19

blood clot in one of the large deep veins, usually in the legs, sometimes in the arms.

Question 20

define pulmonary embolism

Answer 20

When a blood clot that develops in a blood vessel in the body (often in the leg) travels to a lung artery where it suddenly blocks blood flow.

Question 21

true or false: Heart disease is the number one cause of death worldwide: more people die of heart disease than from anything else.

Answer 21

true

Question 22

Deoxygenated blood enters the ___________ atrium, then goes through the right ventricle, and then leaves through the ____________ ____________. Oxygen-rich blood enters the ________ atrium, then goes through the left ventricle, and then leaves through the ______________.

Answer 22

right, pulmonary artery, left, aorta

Question 23

Atherosclerosis is a form of arteriosclerosis where the walls of the arteries are hard, thick and narrow as a result of lipid accumulation within the arterial walls. Lipids (low-density lipoproteins [LDL]) are deposited on the tunica intima of the damaged blood vessel where oxidation of LDL takes place. The oxidised LDL then enters the tunica intima of the arterial wall where they are ingested by macrophages. The lipid-filled macrophages then become _____ ______.

Answer 23

foam cells

Question 24

Identification of risk factors for ___ _______ was not an accomplishment of the Framingham study.

Answer 24

all cancers

Question 25

Please briefly state (1) What the Framingham Heart Study was and generally when it occurred, and (2) at least three important things that were learned from the study.

Answer 25

The Framingham Heart study is an ongoing cardiovascular study on residents of Framingham, Massachusetts. The study started on June 16, 1948, when President Harry Truman signed into law the “National Heart Act.” Three important things that were learned from the study include cigarette smoking increases the risk of heart disease, high blood pressure increases the risk of stroke, and menopause increases the risk of heart disease.