Quiz 9 Study Guide Flashcards
Coronary arteries supply oxygenated blood to which organ
heart
What is the function of capillary beds? What do they do in the body?
Capillary beds are made of capillaries—small blood vessels where exchanges between blood and tissue cells take place. They are located throughout the body with the exception of the epidermis and cornea.
good but key point for this section is that capillaries are how oxygen is supplied to the cells in organs/tissues of the body
__________ ___________ is primarily associated with atherosclerosis.
Myocardial infarction
What statement correctly describes the relationship between HDL and LDL?
LDL forms foam cells when in contact with macrophage, which can block arteries. HDL helps to reduce LDL by transporting it to the liver.
The _______ transport oxygen-depleted blood to the heart
veins
The ______ transport oxygen-rich blood from the heart.
Arteries
Define stenosis
blood vessels narrowing
Define thrombosis
blood clot formation
Define embolism
artery blockage
Define hemorrhage
blood vessel rupture
Define arteriosclerosis
term for problems with blood flow in arteries due to thickening/hardening from lipid accumulation. Can lead to heart attack and/or stroke.
define ischemic stroke
when a blood vessel that carries oxygen and nutrients to the brain is blocked by a clot
define heart attack
myocardial infarction
define hemorrhagic stroke
when a blood vessel that carries oxygen and nutrients to the brain bursts/ruptures
define coronary heart disease
Blockages in the blood vessels that supply blood to the heart.
define peripheral arterial disease
Blockages in the blood vessels that supply blood to the legs
define cerebrovascular disease
Conditions that affect blood flow and the blood vessels in the brain.
define congenital heart disease
a general term for a range of birth defects that affect the normal way the heart works.
define deep vein thrombosis
blood clot in one of the large deep veins, usually in the legs, sometimes in the arms.
define pulmonary embolism
When a blood clot that develops in a blood vessel in the body (often in the leg) travels to a lung artery where it suddenly blocks blood flow.
true or false: Heart disease is the number one cause of death worldwide: more people die of heart disease than from anything else.
true
Deoxygenated blood enters the ___________ atrium, then goes through the right ventricle, and then leaves through the ____________ ____________. Oxygen-rich blood enters the ________ atrium, then goes through the left ventricle, and then leaves through the ______________.
right, pulmonary artery, left, aorta
Atherosclerosis is a form of arteriosclerosis where the walls of the arteries are hard, thick and narrow as a result of lipid accumulation within the arterial walls. Lipids (low-density lipoproteins [LDL]) are deposited on the tunica intima of the damaged blood vessel where oxidation of LDL takes place. The oxidised LDL then enters the tunica intima of the arterial wall where they are ingested by macrophages. The lipid-filled macrophages then become _____ ______.
foam cells
Identification of risk factors for ___ _______ was not an accomplishment of the Framingham study.
all cancers
Please briefly state (1) What the Framingham Heart Study was and generally when it occurred, and (2) at least three important things that were learned from the study.
The Framingham Heart study is an ongoing cardiovascular study on residents of Framingham, Massachusetts. The study started on June 16, 1948, when President Harry Truman signed into law the “National Heart Act.” Three important things that were learned from the study include cigarette smoking increases the risk of heart disease, high blood pressure increases the risk of stroke, and menopause increases the risk of heart disease.
