Quiz 9: Sidman (Ch 51)

Question 1

Embryonic pharyngeal arches give origin to the trapezius and _____ muscles, to muscles of the _____ and _____, to muscles of _____, and to muscles of _____ expression. Of cranial nerves III, IV, V, VI, VII, IX, X, XI,and XII, which five innervate branchial/pharyngeal musculature? _____, _____, _____, _____, and _____

Answer 1

sternocleidomastoid; larynx; pharynx; mastication; facial; V; VII; IX; X; XI

Question 2

Cranial nerve XI supplies the most inferior group of branchial muscles, the _____ and _____ muscles of the neck. Cranial nerves IX and X innervate the _____ and _____.

Answer 2

trapezius; sternocleidomastoid; larynx; pharynx

Question 3

The cranial nerves that innervate branchial muscles are V, VII, _____, _____, and _____. Which of the five nerves supply muscles of the face and jaws? _____ and _____ Cranial nerve VII supplies the muscles of _____ expression. Cranial nerve _____ supplies the muscles of mastication.

Answer 3

IX; X; XI; V; VII; facial; V

Question 4

This patient has a common neurological disorder called Bell’s palsy. One side of the face droops, as evidenced by a flattened eyebrow, diminished creasing of the cheek, and lowered corner of the mouth. The _____ cranial nerve is paralyzed on the drooping side of the face. In Bell’s day, the term for paralysis was _____.

Answer 4

VIIth; palsy

Question 5

If a patient is unable to smile on one side, we may suspect injury to cranial nerve _____.

Answer 5

VII

Question 6

Match the following branchial muscles with the appropriate cranial nerves:
a. larynx and pharynx: cranial nerves _____, _____
b. sternocleidomastoid and trapezius: cranial nerve _____
c. muscles of mastication: cranial nerve _____
d. muscles of facial expression: cranial nerve _____

Answer 6

IX; X; XI; V; VII

Question 7

For the following cranial nerve numbers, list the appropriate skeletal muscles. Indicate whether the innervation is branchial motor or somatic motor.

III: _____ _____, _____ _____, _____ _____, _____ _____; _____ motor

Answer 7

Medial rectus, superior rectus, inferior rectus, inferior oblique; somatic

Question 8

For the following cranial nerve numbers, list the appropriate skeletal muscles. Indicate whether the innervation is branchial motor or somatic motor.

IV: _____ _____; _____ motor

Answer 8

Superior oblique; somatic

Question 9

For the following cranial nerve numbers, list the appropriate skeletal muscles. Indicate whether the innervation is branchial motor or somatic motor.

V: _____; _____ motor

Answer 9

Mastication; branchial

Question 10

For the following cranial nerve numbers, list the appropriate skeletal muscles. Indicate whether the innervation is branchial motor or somatic motor.

VI: _____ _____; _____ motor

Answer 10

Lateral rectus; somatic

Question 11

For the following cranial nerve numbers, list the appropriate skeletal muscles. Indicate whether the innervation is branchial motor or somatic motor.

VII: _____ _____; _____ motor

Answer 11

Facial expression; branchial

Question 12

For the following cranial nerve numbers, list the appropriate skeletal muscles. Indicate whether the innervation is branchial motor or somatic motor.

IX: _____, _____; _____ motor

Answer 12

Larynx, pharynx; branchial

Question 13

For the following cranial nerve numbers, list the appropriate skeletal muscles. Indicate whether the innervation is branchial motor or somatic motor.

X: _____, _____; _____ motor

Answer 13

Larynx, pharynx; branchial

Question 14

For the following cranial nerve numbers, list the appropriate skeletal muscles. Indicate whether the innervation is branchial motor or somatic motor.

XI: _____, _____; _____motor

Answer 14

Trapezius, sternocleidomastoid; branchial

Question 15

For the following cranial nerve numbers, list the appropriate skeletal muscles. Indicate whether the innervation is branchial motor or somatic motor.

XII: _____; _____ motor

Answer 15

Tongue, somatic

Question 16

Branchial motor nuclei supply striated (skeletal) muscles, as do the _____ motor nuclei. Sympathetic and parasympathetic parts of the autonomic nervous system innervate _____ muscle of viscera throughout the body.

Answer 16

somatic; smooth

Question 17

The presynaptic sympathetic nerve cell bodies are located in the thoracic and _____ segments of the spinal cord, where the cell bodies form a bulge named (according to its position) the _____ cell column. Parasympathetic nerve cell bodies are located in the brainstem and sacral spinal cord. The sacral and cranial visceral components are classed as _____sympathetic.

Answer 17

lumbar; intermediolateral; parasympathetic

Question 18

Four cranial nerves carry the parasympathetic outflow from nuclei of the brainstem: III, VII, IX, and X. Together, they constitute the class of cranial _____ motor nuclei. Which of these nerves also have branchial motor components? _____, _____, and _____

Answer 18

visceral; VII; IX; X

Question 19

The most widely distributed of the visceral motor nerves is cranial nerve X, which wanders (Latin vagus: wandering) from the head down through the chest and abdomen. The common name for nerve X is the v_____ nerve.

Answer 19

vagus

Question 20

Smooth muscles of the thorax and abdomen are innervated by _____ motor components of cranial nerve number _____, named the _____ nerve. The larynx and pharynx are innervated by _____ components of the same cranial nerve. Other cranial nerves may also contain axons from more than one brainstem nucleus. For example, cranial nerve VII contains axons of neurons in visceral and _____ motor nuclei. CN III contains axons arising in visceral and _____ motor nuclei.

Answer 20

visceral; X; vagus; branchial; branchial; somatic

Question 21

The visceral motor nuclei are _____, IX, VII, and _____; they innervate glands and _____ muscle. Cranial nerves VII and IX innervate salivary glands. The salivary glands are innervated by _____ components of nerves VII and IX, and skeletal muscles are innervated by _____ components.

Answer 21

X, III, smooth; visceral; branchial

Question 22

If the VIIth nerve is cut as it emerges from the skull, then function of _____ glands and muscles of _____ _____ is impaired.

Answer 22

salivary; facial expression

Question 23

The visceral components of nerves_____ and IX innervate the salivary glands. Cranial nerve _____ innervates viscera of the thorax and abdomen. Cranial nerve III carries a visceral motor component in addition to its larger _____ motor component. The pupil of the eye constricts under the influence of the visceral component of cranial nerve _____. The nerve innervates the pupillo-_____ muscle of the iris.

Answer 23

VII; X; somatic; III; pupillo-constrictor

Question 24

Sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves both influence the size of the pupil. Dilation (enlargement) of the pupil results either from sympathetic nerve stimulation or from removal of _____ stimulation coming via cranial nerve _____.

Answer 24

parasympathetic; III

Question 25

This patient’s left eye is turned outward, and his left pupil is _____. He probably has a lesion affecting left cranial nerve _____ in both its _____ and _____ motor components.

Answer 25

dilated; III; visceral; somatic

Question 26

Which cranial nerves innervate the following:
Smooth muscle of the thorax and abdomen: cranial nerve _____
Salivary glands: cranial nerves _____ and _____
Pupillo-constrictor muscle: cranial nerve _____

Answer 26

X; VII; IX; III

Question 27

Which nerves contain axons of neurons of the following nuclei?
Somatic motor nuclei: _____, _____, _____, _____
Branchial motor nuclei: _____, _____, _____, _____, _____
Visceral motor nuclei: _____, _____, _____, _____

Answer 27

III; IV; VI; XII
V; VII; IX; X; XI
III; VII; IX; X

Question 28

Somatic components of cranial nerve XII are derived from the _____ nucleus; somatic components of cranial nerve VI are derived from the _____ nucleus; somatic components of cranial nerve IV are derived from the _____ nucleus; and somatic components of cranial nerve III are derived from the _____ nucleus.

Answer 28

hypoglossal; abducens; trochlear; oculomotor

Question 29

Visceral and branchial motor nuclei occupy _____ sites in the brainstem even though their neurons may send out axons in the _____ peripheral nerve. Visceral, branchial, and somatic motor functions may all be affected in peripheral nerve lesions if the nerve contains axons of all these types. The functional loss is likely to be more selective in _____ lesions.

Answer 29

different; same; brainstem

Question 30

Similarly, sensory and motor functions may both be impaired in peripheral nerve disease but are less likely to be affected together in central nervous system (CNS) disease because the nerve cell bodies occupy _____ sites centrally.

Answer 30

different

Question 31

The spinal accessory nucleus innervates skeletal muscles of the neck; the nucleus ambiguus innervates skeletal muscles of the throat. Cranial nerve XI contains fibers of the _____ motor class; these fibers arise from neuron cell bodies in the _____ _____ nucleus. Neurons innervating the throat are found in the _____ _____.

Answer 31

branchial; spinal accessory; nucleus ambiguus

Question 32

After each of the following cranial nerves, place an “S” for somatic, “B” for branchial, or “V” for visceral. More than one initial may be placed after a given nerve.

Spinal accessory nerve: _____
Trochlear nerve: _____
Hypoglossal nerve: _____
Oculomotor nerve: _____

Answer 32

B; S; S; S and V