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NEUR 2600 - Introduction to Neuroanatomy > Quiz 6: Lecture (Spinal Cord) > Flashcards

Quiz 6: Lecture (Spinal Cord) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the length and width of the spinal cord?

A

About 18 inches long; 1/2 inch wide

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2
Q

Where does the spinal cord end between?

A

Ends between vertebrae L1 and L2

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3
Q

What kind of symmetry does the spinal cord have?

A

Bilateral symmetry

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4
Q

3 Features of the spinal cord are:

A
  • Grooves divide the spinal cord into left and right
  • Posterior median sulcus: on posterior side
  • Anterior median fissure: deeper groove on anterior side
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5
Q

How much does the spinal cord weigh?

A

About 35 grams

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6
Q

How does the spinal cord work?

A

Any movement has to travel down from the brain through the spinal cord to get to effector muscles to help you move

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7
Q

Is there a physical break between the brainstem and spinal cord?

A

No

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8
Q

The medulla will be there at the junction of

A

the cervical spinal cord and the medulla (cervical medullary junction)

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9
Q

Where is the cervical medullary junction located?

A

the base of the occipital bone where the foramen magnum is

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10
Q

What does foramen magnum mean?

A

Big hole

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11
Q

Spinal cord comes through foramen magnum and then

A

cervical vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, sacral vertebrae, coccygeal vertebrae

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12
Q

Where does the cylindrical mass of the spinal cord extend to?

A

It extends down from the base of the skull to around L2

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13
Q

Where is the hard cylindrical mass of the spinal cord going to be?

A

Around L2

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14
Q

Even at birth, where can the vertebral column end?

A

It can end as early as L3

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15
Q

What happens to our spinal cord when we flex our back?

A

It tugs on the spinal cord and it can retreat a little further up the spinal canal as well.

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16
Q

What is the spinal cord going to end as?

A

Caudate equina

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17
Q

What does cauda equina mean?

A

horse’s tail

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18
Q

How does the spinal cord transition with floating nerves?

A

Extending from L2 down to about s2

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19
Q

Nerve cells are not seen below

A

L2

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20
Q

While nerve cells are not seen below L2, they do extend

A

external processes

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21
Q

What is the spinal cord surrounded by?

A

cerebral spinal fluid

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22
Q

Where is the cerebral spinal fluid located?

A

Cerebral spinal fluid is going through central canal of spinal cord and around the spinal cord

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23
Q

What does sitting slumped forward or laying with back stretched make it easier for physicians to do?

A

Insert a needle into the spinal cord between L4 and L5

24
Q

What is the part that physicians insert needles into?

A

Iliac crest
(Gives a good indicator of where L4 is)

25
Q

Where do you do a lumbar puncture?

A

Between L4 and L5

26
Q

Why may some patients lay down for a lumbar puncture?

A

Elevate the level of the spinal cord even by a segment

27
Q

Why do they do the lumbar puncture in the cauda equina?

A

Less chance of causing damage as you have dangling roots here where they can go in and get the CSF

28
Q

As they’re going in, which vertebrae are they going into?

A

Lumbar

29
Q

What are the 3 types of vertebrae?

A

Cervical vertebrae, Thoracic vertebrae, Lumbar vertebrae

30
Q

Where is the cervical vertebrae located?

A

Neck

31
Q

Where is the thoracic vertebrae located?

A

Chest

32
Q

Where is the lumbar vertebrae located?

A

Inferior portion of back

33
Q

What is the appearance of the cervical vertebrae?

A

Small, oval, curved faces

34
Q

What is the appearance of the thoracic vertebrae?

A

Medium, heart-shaped, flat faces; faces for rib articulations

35
Q

What is the appearance of lumbar vertebrae?

A

Massive, oval, fat faces

36
Q

Vertebral foramen of cervical vertebrae

A

Large

37
Q

Vertebral foramen of thoracic vertebrae

A

Medium

38
Q

Vertebral foramen for lumbar vertebrae

A

Small

39
Q

Spinous process of cervical vertebrae

A

Long, split hip; points inferiorly

40
Q

Spinous process of thoracic vertebrae

A

Long, slender, not split; points inferiorly

41
Q

Spinous process of lumbar vertebrae

A

Blunt, broad; points posteriorly

42
Q

Function of cervical vertebrae

A

Support skull, stabilize relative positions of brain and spinal cord, and show controlled head movement

43
Q

Function of thoracic vertebrae

A

Support weight of head, neck, upper limbs, and chest; articulate with ribs to allow changes in volume of thoracic cage

44
Q

Function of lumber vertebrae

A

Support weight of head, neck, upper limbs, and trunk

45
Q

The vertebrae look anatomically _____.

A

Distinct

46
Q

Where can you see the foramen magnum (in picture)?

A

In the cervical vertebrae (where vertebral arteries are running through- giving us blood supply from the heart, going up to spinal cord, then into brain)

47
Q

Blood is supplied by vertebral arteries on

A

Either (both) side

48
Q

Basilar artery will give rise to which artery?

A

Posterior cerebral artery

49
Q

By blood going to the cervical cord, meeting at junction between pons and medulla where they will fuse- then with the communicating arteries, what may happen?

A

Circle of Willis

50
Q

Which vertebrae do not have transverse streaming?

A

Thoracic and lumbar vertebrae

51
Q

How is the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae different from cervical?

A

Much larger disks, less movement (stacked and taking weight of everything above)

52
Q

Where is it common to get a herniated/slipped disk?

A

In the lower vertebrae

53
Q

Where may a cervical dislocation/subluxation occur?

A

Cervical spinal cord

54
Q

What should the composition of the CSF of the spinal cord be?

A

Fairly constant

55
Q

What does the CSF composition of the spinal cord being constant make it easier to do?

A

Diagnose for problems (ex: meningitis)

56
Q

What are the types of meningitis? Why do we need to determine it?

A

Bacterial; viral
Will differ on the treatment that the patient will receive

NEUR 2600 - Introduction to Neuroanatomy (26 decks)

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