Quiz 2: Respiration Video Flashcards
What controls respiration?
Medullary respiratory centers
What are the medullary respiratory centers made up of?
Ventral and dorsal groups
What is the ventral group responsible for?
Rhythmicity of breathing
In the drawing, the two bottom circles make up what?
Medullary respiratory centers
The ventral group is in the _____.
front
The dorsal group is in the _____.
back
What is the dorsal group responsible for?
Inspiration (the diaphragm)
What is the other respiratory system named that is located in the pons?
Pontine respiratory center
The pontine respiratory center will interact with the _____ _____ _____ to _____ _____.
Medulla respiratory center; smooth respiration
The pontine respiratory center will provide _____ _____ to the ______ _____ to help coordinate _____ _____ _____.
tonic input; medullary network; smooth respiratory rhythm
What is the thorax made up of?
Ribs and sternum
Within the thorax, we find the _____.
lungs
What is one of the important muscles in respiration that is beneath the lungs?
Diaphragm
What is another important muscle in respiration? Where is it located?
Intercostal muscles; run between the ribs
The _____ connects the _____ to the _____.
trachea; larynx; lungs
The _____ _____ will send _____ to the muscles of the _____ to trigger _____ or _____.
respiratory center; impulses; lungs; inspiration; expiration
The impulses are sent via _____ to the _____ _____ to cause _____. The ribs will ______.
neurons; intercostal muscles; inspiration; rise
The impulses are also being sent to the _____ to cause _____. The diaphragm will _____.
diapraghm; inspiration; descend
The _____ _____ will send _____ to cause _____ and _____.
respiratory center; impulses; inspiration; expiration
The quicker the _____, the _____ the _____.
The slower the _____, the _____ the _____.
impulse; faster; breathing
impulse, slower; breathing
What can firstly influence the _____ _____ _____ which then will stimulate or suppress the _____ _____ _____ and respiration itself?
Pontine respiratory center; medullary respiratory center
Higher centers of the brain (where we have voluntary control)
What are the higher centers of the brain important for the perception of?
Voluntary control; pain, emotion, temperature
What is the main regulator/influencer of respiration?
Peripheral chemoreceptors
Where are the peripheral chemoreceptors located?
In the carotid and aortic bodies
What is the function of peripheral chemoreceptors?
Detect chemical changes in the blood
Example: If ______ ______ detected a _____ in _____/_____ __, which means an _____ in _____ _____ and _____ in _____ _____, this will stimulate the _____ located in the _____ and _____ bodies to stimulate the _____ _____.
peripheral chemoreceptors; decrease; oxygen/blood pH;
increase; hydrogen ions; increase; carbon dioxide
chemoreceptors; carotid, aortic
respiratory center
When the _____ _____ is stimulated, there will be a _____ respiratory rate.
respiratory center; quicker (breathe in oxygen and out carbon dioxide quicker)
Breathing in _____ and breathing out _____ _____ does what?
Oxygen; carbon dioxide
Neutralizes everything
There are _____ located in the _____ known as _____ _____.
chemoreceptors; medulla; central chemoreceptors
What do the central chemoreceptors do? A _____ in __ and _____ in _____ _____ stimulates the central chemoreceptors to stimulate the respiratory centers so you could breathe faster.
Detect changes in pH
A decrease in pH and increase in carbon dioxide
You also have receptors where?
In muscles and joints
When are the receptors in your muscles and joints stimulated?
What will these receptors stimulate?
When you exercise; the respiratory center
Why is it important to breathe quicker when you exercise?
So you can take in more oxygen and blow out all the acid that has built up
What are the receptors in your lungs that can regulate/influence the respiratory center in the brain stem?
Irritant receptors
What are irritant receptors?
Receptors that are protective in the lungs and help blow off the irritant
What do irritant receptors do to the respiratory center when stimulated?
They suppress the respiratory center to slow down respiration
What other receptors do you have in the lungs? What does it cause?
Stretch receptors; Hering Breuer reflex
What is the _____ _____ reflex initiated by? What does it do when initiated?
Hering Breuer; over-inflation of the lungs; suppress respiration (slow down respiratory rate)
