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Human Form and Funciton > Quiz 8 (exam 2) > Flashcards

Quiz 8 (exam 2) Flashcards

1
Q

The olfactory nerve is not a true cranial nerve as it is actually part of the ____

A

Telencephalon

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2
Q

What nerve passes through the cribriform plate?

A

Olfactory fibers. These branch off of the olfactory bulb (part of the olfactory nerve)

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3
Q

The optic nerve is not a true cranial nerve as it actually part of the ___

A

Diencephalon

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4
Q

Which cranial nerve has a chiasm?

A

Optic nerve. Some fibers cross at the chiasm, some do not.

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5
Q

After fibers from the ____ nerve pass through the chiasm to go back towards the brain, where do they run?

A

1) optic

2) optic tract (wraps around the brain stem)

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6
Q

The optic nerve leaves the orbit via the ____

A

Optic canal

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7
Q

The oculomotor nerve serves all ocular muscles besides what two muscles?

A

Lateral rectus

Superior oblique

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8
Q

What is the only cranial nerve that crosses relative to its nuclei?

A

Trochlear nerve

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9
Q

What muscle does the abducens nerve innervate?

A

Lateral rectus

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10
Q

What nerve does the trochlear nerve innervate?

A

Superior oblique

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11
Q

Name all 7 muscles that the oculomotor nerve innervates

A

Superior rectus
Inferior rectus
Medial rectus
Inferior oblique

Lavatory palpebrae superioris

Pupillary sphincter (visceral) 
Ciliary muscle (visceral)
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12
Q

The oculomotor nerve enters the orbit via the ____.

A

Superior orbital fissure

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13
Q

How does the trochlear nerve enter the orbit?

A

Superior orbital fissure

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14
Q

What is the only nerve to emerge from the dorsal surface?

A

Trochlear

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15
Q

What are the three branches off of the trigeminal nerve?

A

Opthalmic
Maxillary
Mandibular

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16
Q

What are some things that the trigeminal nerve innervates?

A

Muscles of mastication
Oral floor muscles
Tensor tympani (middle ear)
Tensor veil palatini (pharyngeal)

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17
Q

If you pick your nose, what branch of the trigeminal senses that area?

A

Ophthalmic

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18
Q

What branch of the V senses stuff in the nasopharynx?

A

Maxillary

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19
Q

What nerve is responsible for sensation (not taste) of the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A

Mandibular branch of V

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20
Q

What nerve is responsible for sensation and taste of the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

A

Glossopharyngeal

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21
Q

The facial nerve hitch-hikes with the trigeminal nerve. What branches does it hitch-hike? What does it innervate?

A

V2 and V3 to get to the glands of the face (except for the parotid)

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22
Q

What nerve innervates the parotid gland? What branch of trigeminal does it hitch-hike with?

A

Glossopharyngeal. Hitch-hikes with V3

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23
Q

How does the ophthalmic nerve get to where it needs to go?

A

Goes through the superior orbital fissure to get to the supraorbital notch

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24
Q

How does the maxillary branch get to where it needs to go?

A

Goes through the foramen rotundum.

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25
Q

What are the branches of the ophthalmic branch?

A

Frontal
Lacrimal
Nasociliary

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26
Q

True or false… The lacrimal nerve from the ophthalmic branch has motor and sensory functions

A

False. It only has sensory function

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27
Q

What nerves branch from the maxillary branch?

A

Post/mid/ant. Superior alveolar

Infraorbital

Zygomatic

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28
Q

How does the mandibular branch get to where it needs to go?

A

Foramen ovale

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29
Q

What nerves branch off of the mandibular branch? (7)

A 
Pterygoid branches
Auriculotemporal 
Deep temporal branch
Lingual
Inferior alveolar 
Masseteric branches
Buccal
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30
Q

what two nerves runs medial to the mandible?

A

Lingual and chorda tympani

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31
Q

What nerve gives taste sensation to the anterior 2/3 of tongue?

A

Chorda tympani

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32
Q

What nerve enters the mandibular foramen?

A

Inferior alveolar

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33
Q

What muscle innervates the anterior belly of the digastric, pulp of the teeth, and branches into the mental nerve for skin and lip afferents?

A

Inferior alveolar nerve

34
Q

What branches off of the facial nerve? (7)

A 
Posterior auricular 
Buccal 
Zygomatic 
Temporal 
Cervical 
Nerve to stapedus 
Greater petrosal 
Chorda tympani
35
Q

What branch of the facial nerve innervates the nasal and lacrimal glands? How does it get there?

A

The greater petrosal nerve hitch-hikes with V2

36
Q

What nerve innervates the salivary glands except for the parotid.

A

Chorda tympani nerve

37
Q

What nerve has vestibular and hearing senses?

A

Vestibulochochlear

38
Q

How does the glossopharyngeal nerve exit?

A

Jugular foramen

39
Q

What nerves gives taste sensation to the posterior 1/3 tongue and goes to the chemo and baroreceptors?

A

Glossopharyngeal and vagus

40
Q

What nerve gives sensation to the outer and middle ear? (Including the tympanic membrane)

A

Glossopharyngeal

41
Q

What nerve gives taste sensation to the epiglottis/

A

Vagus

42
Q

What three nerves exit the jugular foramen?

A

Glossopharyngeal
Vagus
Accessory

43
Q

What is the pathway of the accessory nerve?

A

Ascends the cord into the skull via foramen magnum. Then exits the jugular foramen

44
Q

What nerve gives motor function to the tongue?

A

Hypoglossal nerve

45
Q

How does the hypoglossal nerve exit? What artery runs along with it?

A

Hypoglossal canal

Lingual artery

46
Q

What CN have motor function only?

A

3, 4, 6, 11, 12

47
Q

What CNs have sensory function only?

A

1, 2, 8

48
Q

Where is Brocha’s area located? What does it do?

A

Located anterior to the motor cortex of the frontal lobe. Involved in speech.

49
Q

What is Wernicke’s area? Where is it located?

A

Wernicke’s area is posterior to the sensory portion of the parietal lobe. It serves to process language

50
Q

What artery goes through the Silvian fissure of the brain?

A

Middle cerebral artery

51
Q

What may happen if blood flow to the posterior cerebral artery is suppressed?

A

Loss of vision (it goes to the occipital lobe)

52
Q

What artery is just inferior to the posterior cerebral artery?

A

Superior cerebellar artery

53
Q

What three arteries serve the cerebellum?

A

Superior cerebellar
Anterior inferior cerebellar
Posterior inferior cerebellar

54
Q

The anterior communicating artery is in between what two arteries?

A

Right and left anterior cerebral arteries

55
Q

What CNs are in the Midbrain?

A

oculomotor and Trochlear

56
Q

What CNs are in the pons?

A

CNs 5, 6, 7, 8

57
Q

What cranial nerves arise from the medulla?

A

9,10,11,12

58
Q

What nerve, and portion of the brain stem, is involved with the pupillary light reflex?

A

Midbrain. Oculomotor nerve

59
Q

What nerves, and portion of the brain stem, is involved in the corneal reflex?

A

Pons. Trigeminal senses it, Facial nerve causes muscle contraction

60
Q

What nerve, and portion of the brain stem, is involved in the gag reflex?

A

Medulla, glossopharyngeal nerve senses it, glossopharyngeal and vagus nerve cause muscle contraction

61
Q

What artery supplies the mesencephalon?

A

Basilar artery

Posterior cerebral artery

62
Q

What artery supplies the metencephalon (pons)?

A 
Basilar artery (almost entirely)
Anterior Inferior Cerebellar artery

Some superior cerebellar

63
Q

What arteries supply the medulla?

A

Vertebral artery
PICA
Anterior spinal artery (runs in between the vertebral arteries)

64
Q

What artery does the posterior inferior cerebellar artery come off of?

A

Vertebral artery

65
Q

What artery does the superior cerebellar artery come off of?

A

Basilar artery

66
Q

What artery does the posterior cerebral artery come off of?

A

Posterior communicating artery

67
Q

What structure separates the two hemispheres of the brain?

A

Falx Cerebri

68
Q

What two portions of the brain does the tentorium cerebelli separate?

A

Occipital lobe and cerebellum

69
Q

How does the middle meningeal artery enter the brain?

A

Spinosum foramen

70
Q

What is the pterion?

A

Weak point in the temporal bone. if affected, it can in turn damage the middle meningeal artery

71
Q

What nerve innervates the anterior digastric muscle and mylohyoid (specifically)?

A

Inferior alveolar nerve (branch of V3)

72
Q

What nerve innervates the stylohyoid and posterior belly of digastric?

A

Branches of the facial nerve

73
Q

What nerve innervates the parotid gland?

A

Glossopharyngeal

74
Q

What nerve gives sensory INnervation to the middle ear, external ear, ear canal, and tympanic membrane?

A

Glossopharyngeal

75
Q

When viewing the cranial nerves, are the sensory neveres more medial or lateral to the motor nerves?

A

Sensory are more lateral

76
Q

What nerve is generally affected first due to a cavernous thrombosis?

A

Abducens. Won’t be able to do lateral gaze of eye

77
Q

What cranial nerves are found within the cavernous sinus?

A

2,3,4,5,6

78
Q

What brain structure is also in the cavernous sinus?

A

Pituitary gland

79
Q

What are the veins that drain the scalp NAD enter the skull?

A

Parietal and occipital emissary veins

80
Q

A torn middle meningeal artery can result in….

A

An epidural hematoma

81
Q

Define epidural hematoma

A

Potential space between dura and skull fills with blood

82
Q

Define subdural hematoma. Injury to what structure can cause this?

A

Potential space between dura mater and arachnoid mater fills with blood. Due to injury to bridging veins

Human Form and Funciton (15 decks)

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