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Human Form and Funciton > Quiz 8 (exam 2) > Flashcards

Quiz 8 (exam 2) Flashcards

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1
Q

The olfactory nerve is not a true cranial nerve as it is actually part of the ____

A

Telencephalon

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2
Q

What nerve passes through the cribriform plate?

A

Olfactory fibers. These branch off of the olfactory bulb (part of the olfactory nerve)

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3
Q

The optic nerve is not a true cranial nerve as it actually part of the ___

A

Diencephalon

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4
Q

Which cranial nerve has a chiasm?

A

Optic nerve. Some fibers cross at the chiasm, some do not.

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5
Q

After fibers from the ____ nerve pass through the chiasm to go back towards the brain, where do they run?

A

1) optic

2) optic tract (wraps around the brain stem)

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6
Q

The optic nerve leaves the orbit via the ____

A

Optic canal

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7
Q

The oculomotor nerve serves all ocular muscles besides what two muscles?

A

Lateral rectus

Superior oblique

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8
Q

What is the only cranial nerve that crosses relative to its nuclei?

A

Trochlear nerve

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9
Q

What muscle does the abducens nerve innervate?

A

Lateral rectus

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10
Q

What nerve does the trochlear nerve innervate?

A

Superior oblique

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11
Q

Name all 7 muscles that the oculomotor nerve innervates

A

Superior rectus
Inferior rectus
Medial rectus
Inferior oblique

Lavatory palpebrae superioris

Pupillary sphincter (visceral) 
Ciliary muscle (visceral)
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12
Q

The oculomotor nerve enters the orbit via the ____.

A

Superior orbital fissure

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13
Q

How does the trochlear nerve enter the orbit?

A

Superior orbital fissure

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14
Q

What is the only nerve to emerge from the dorsal surface?

A

Trochlear

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15
Q

What are the three branches off of the trigeminal nerve?

A

Opthalmic
Maxillary
Mandibular

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16
Q

What are some things that the trigeminal nerve innervates?

A

Muscles of mastication
Oral floor muscles
Tensor tympani (middle ear)
Tensor veil palatini (pharyngeal)

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17
Q

If you pick your nose, what branch of the trigeminal senses that area?

A

Ophthalmic

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18
Q

What branch of the V senses stuff in the nasopharynx?

A

Maxillary

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19
Q

What nerve is responsible for sensation (not taste) of the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A

Mandibular branch of V

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20
Q

What nerve is responsible for sensation and taste of the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

A

Glossopharyngeal

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21
Q

The facial nerve hitch-hikes with the trigeminal nerve. What branches does it hitch-hike? What does it innervate?

A

V2 and V3 to get to the glands of the face (except for the parotid)

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22
Q

What nerve innervates the parotid gland? What branch of trigeminal does it hitch-hike with?

A

Glossopharyngeal. Hitch-hikes with V3

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23
Q

How does the ophthalmic nerve get to where it needs to go?

A

Goes through the superior orbital fissure to get to the supraorbital notch

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24
Q

How does the maxillary branch get to where it needs to go?

A

Goes through the foramen rotundum.

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25
What are the branches of the ophthalmic branch?
Frontal Lacrimal Nasociliary
26
True or false... The lacrimal nerve from the ophthalmic branch has motor and sensory functions
False. It only has sensory function
27
What nerves branch from the maxillary branch?
Post/mid/ant. Superior alveolar Infraorbital Zygomatic
28
How does the mandibular branch get to where it needs to go?
Foramen ovale
29
What nerves branch off of the mandibular branch? (7)
``` Pterygoid branches Auriculotemporal Deep temporal branch Lingual Inferior alveolar Masseteric branches Buccal ```
30
what two nerves runs medial to the mandible?
Lingual and chorda tympani
31
What nerve gives taste sensation to the anterior 2/3 of tongue?
Chorda tympani
32
What nerve enters the mandibular foramen?
Inferior alveolar
33
What muscle innervates the anterior belly of the digastric, pulp of the teeth, and branches into the mental nerve for skin and lip afferents?
Inferior alveolar nerve
34
What branches off of the facial nerve? (7)
``` Posterior auricular Buccal Zygomatic Temporal Cervical Nerve to stapedus Greater petrosal Chorda tympani ```
35
What branch of the facial nerve innervates the nasal and lacrimal glands? How does it get there?
The greater petrosal nerve hitch-hikes with V2
36
What nerve innervates the salivary glands except for the parotid.
Chorda tympani nerve
37
What nerve has vestibular and hearing senses?
Vestibulochochlear
38
How does the glossopharyngeal nerve exit?
Jugular foramen
39
What nerves gives taste sensation to the posterior 1/3 tongue and goes to the chemo and baroreceptors?
Glossopharyngeal and vagus
40
What nerve gives sensation to the outer and middle ear? (Including the tympanic membrane)
Glossopharyngeal
41
What nerve gives taste sensation to the epiglottis/
Vagus
42
What three nerves exit the jugular foramen?
Glossopharyngeal Vagus Accessory
43
What is the pathway of the accessory nerve?
Ascends the cord into the skull via foramen magnum. Then exits the jugular foramen
44
What nerve gives motor function to the tongue?
Hypoglossal nerve
45
How does the hypoglossal nerve exit? What artery runs along with it?
Hypoglossal canal Lingual artery
46
What CN have motor function only?
3, 4, 6, 11, 12
47
What CNs have sensory function only?
1, 2, 8
48
Where is Brocha's area located? What does it do?
Located anterior to the motor cortex of the frontal lobe. Involved in speech.
49
What is Wernicke's area? Where is it located?
Wernicke's area is posterior to the sensory portion of the parietal lobe. It serves to process language
50
What artery goes through the Silvian fissure of the brain?
Middle cerebral artery
51
What may happen if blood flow to the posterior cerebral artery is suppressed?
Loss of vision (it goes to the occipital lobe)
52
What artery is just inferior to the posterior cerebral artery?
Superior cerebellar artery
53
What three arteries serve the cerebellum?
Superior cerebellar Anterior inferior cerebellar Posterior inferior cerebellar
54
The anterior communicating artery is in between what two arteries?
Right and left anterior cerebral arteries
55
What CNs are in the Midbrain?
oculomotor and Trochlear
56
What CNs are in the pons?
CNs 5, 6, 7, 8
57
What cranial nerves arise from the medulla?
9,10,11,12
58
What nerve, and portion of the brain stem, is involved with the pupillary light reflex?
Midbrain. Oculomotor nerve
59
What nerves, and portion of the brain stem, is involved in the corneal reflex?
Pons. Trigeminal senses it, Facial nerve causes muscle contraction
60
What nerve, and portion of the brain stem, is involved in the gag reflex?
Medulla, glossopharyngeal nerve senses it, glossopharyngeal and vagus nerve cause muscle contraction
61
What artery supplies the mesencephalon?
Basilar artery | Posterior cerebral artery
62
What artery supplies the metencephalon (pons)?
``` Basilar artery (almost entirely) Anterior Inferior Cerebellar artery ``` Some superior cerebellar
63
What arteries supply the medulla?
Vertebral artery PICA Anterior spinal artery (runs in between the vertebral arteries)
64
What artery does the posterior inferior cerebellar artery come off of?
Vertebral artery
65
What artery does the superior cerebellar artery come off of?
Basilar artery
66
What artery does the posterior cerebral artery come off of?
Posterior communicating artery
67
What structure separates the two hemispheres of the brain?
Falx Cerebri
68
What two portions of the brain does the tentorium cerebelli separate?
Occipital lobe and cerebellum
69
How does the middle meningeal artery enter the brain?
Spinosum foramen
70
What is the pterion?
Weak point in the temporal bone. if affected, it can in turn damage the middle meningeal artery
71
What nerve innervates the anterior digastric muscle and mylohyoid (specifically)?
Inferior alveolar nerve (branch of V3)
72
What nerve innervates the stylohyoid and posterior belly of digastric?
Branches of the facial nerve
73
What nerve innervates the parotid gland?
Glossopharyngeal
74
What nerve gives sensory INnervation to the middle ear, external ear, ear canal, and tympanic membrane?
Glossopharyngeal
75
When viewing the cranial nerves, are the sensory neveres more medial or lateral to the motor nerves?
Sensory are more lateral
76
What nerve is generally affected first due to a cavernous thrombosis?
Abducens. Won't be able to do lateral gaze of eye
77
What cranial nerves are found within the cavernous sinus?
2,3,4,5,6
78
What brain structure is also in the cavernous sinus?
Pituitary gland
79
What are the veins that drain the scalp NAD enter the skull?
Parietal and occipital emissary veins
80
A torn middle meningeal artery can result in....
An epidural hematoma
81
Define epidural hematoma
Potential space between dura and skull fills with blood
82
Define subdural hematoma. Injury to what structure can cause this?
Potential space between dura mater and arachnoid mater fills with blood. Due to injury to bridging veins

Human Form and Funciton (15 decks)

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