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quiz 6 lipids Flashcards

1
Q

triglycerides

A

3 fatty acids bonded to glycerol

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2
Q

monoglycerides

A

one fatty acid bonded to glycerol

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3
Q

fatty acids

A

chains of carbon that only get along with lipids

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4
Q

cholesterol

A

has no calories and is a nonessential nutrient

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5
Q

fat soluble nutrients

A

ADEK

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6
Q

saturated fat

A

is straight!
2 hydrogens on each carbon
- full of hydrogen
- solid at room temp

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7
Q

unsaturated fat

A

not all carbons have 2 hydrogens on each carbon
- each carbon has a double bond when it isnt saturated
BENT AT DOUBLE BOND

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8
Q

PUFAS

A

MULTIPLE DOUBLE BONDS

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9
Q

essential fatty acids

A

PUFAS and unsaturated fats

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10
Q

omega 3 and 6 are what kind of fatty acid

A

PUFA

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11
Q

omega 3 can convert ALA into

A

EPA but isnt very good at it

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12
Q

man made trans fat is

A

not healthful and is hydrogenation = straightening unsaturated fatty acids

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13
Q

trans fat impact

A

increase risk of CVD, decrease HDL and increase LDL

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14
Q

amdr of fat

A

20-35%

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15
Q

amdr of sat fat

A

< 10% of total cals coming from sat fat

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16
Q

PUFAs are

A

omega 3, and omega 6 = 10:1

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17
Q

anatomy of digestion= mouth

A

salivary amylase, lingual lipase and chewing

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18
Q

anatomy of digestion = stomach

A

gastic lipase, HCL = kiils ligual lipase and replaces it w/ gastic lipase

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19
Q

anatomy of digestion = small intestine

A

pancreatic lipase, bile helping in fat digestion

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20
Q

anatomy of digestion: large intestine

A

microbiota and SCFA (made from soluble fiber and resistant starch

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21
Q

esterification

A

making bonds

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22
Q

de-esterification

A

breaking bonds

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23
Q

bile function

A

breaks meal fat into smaller globules

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24
Q

bile as an accessory organs

A

liver: makes bile from cholestrol
gallbladder stores bile

25
Q

CCK

A

hormone that is released because of fat entering SI

26
Q

what releases CCK

A

mucosa cells

27
Q

CCK tells the gallbladder to

A

release bile

28
Q

bile is absorbed at the end of small intestine and gets recycled

A

so liver has to use more cholestrol

29
Q

chylomicron is bult in ____ and carry

A

the mucosa cell and carry triglycerides, cholestrol, and ADEK

30
Q

tissues take out what

A

chylomicron carry

31
Q
A
32
Q

3 SCFA

A

butyrate, acetate, propionate

33
Q

symbiosis

A

-balanced microbes
increase gut/metabolic/ cardiovascular health

  • produces B and K vitamins
    and thick mucous layer
  • metabolizes undigestable CHO
34
Q

dysbiosis

A

unbalanced microbes

35
Q

cholesterol makes

A

vitamin D, bile, sex hormones, membranes (maintain and repair)
-converts fatty acids to phospholipids

36
Q

omega 3 are Eicosandoids and they

A

anti-inflammatory
vasodilation
anti-clotting

37
Q

omega 6 are Eicosandoids and they are

A

pro-inflammatory
vasoconstriction
clotting

38
Q

fats are used in the mitochondria through

A

beta ox, krebs, etc

39
Q

fat is stored as a

A

triglycerides

40
Q

fats are eliminated through the

A

kidneys

41
Q

lipoprotein

A

vehicles that transfer lipids to tissues

42
Q

lipase

A

break down triglycerides

43
Q

chylomicron

A

lipoprotein made in the mucosa cells
-gets absorbed into the lymph and then transports to other tissues

44
Q

VLDL

A

Lipoprotein made in liver
-delivers fat to cells
blood vessels convert to IDL

45
Q

IDL

A

lipoprotein made in blood - carry less fat

46
Q

LDL

A

lipoprotein made in the blood - carry even less fat

47
Q

HDl

A

lipoprotein made in liver - carry barely any fat

48
Q

does chylomicron become smaller before getting to liver

A

yes, pulls fat out of it to the tissues then chylomicron is ripped apart and builds VLDL in liver

49
Q

what is the purpose of VLDL

A

to deliver fat to cells

50
Q

where is VLDL made

A

in the liver

51
Q

what is the purpose od LPLS

A

break down triglycerides

52
Q

what is causing the VLDL to get smaller

A

LPL recognizes and starts breaking it down to get triglycerides out of tissues around it

53
Q

what are the names of the smaller versions of VLDL

A

LDL and IDL

54
Q

what is the purpose of LDL

A

to deliver some fat and cholesterol to tissues

55
Q

where is HDL is made

A

made in liver
- removes cholesterol from tissues
delivers cholesterol to liver

56
Q

trans fat affects

A

inflammation, increases LDL and decreases HDL

57
Q

MUFAS have a minor but ____ impact on

A

positive impact on cholesterol

58
Q
A

advanced nutrition (13 decks)

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