protein Flashcards

1
Q

polypeptides

A

many bonds between amino acids

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2
Q

all proteins are built from

A

essential and non essential amino acids

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3
Q

nitrogen is in

A

every amino acid and is on the amine group

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4
Q

de-amination

A

removing nitrogen

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5
Q

what makes each amino acid unique

A

the side chain or R group

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6
Q

if protein shape is broken

A

protein no longer functions

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7
Q

final shape of a protein is

A

folded

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8
Q

ommnivore

A

no limitations in the food you eat (eat both plants and animals)

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9
Q

strict vegeterian

A

no meat, eggs, dairy

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10
Q

lacto-ovo vegetarian

A

includes dairy and eggs

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11
Q

vegan

A

no animal products
-no honey or gelatin

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12
Q

RDA in sedentary adult

A

0.8 g/kg bw

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13
Q

RDA for babies

A

1.52. g/kg bw

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14
Q

if you dont eat meat you have to add ____ to RDA

A

10% to original RDA

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15
Q

tryptophan RDA

A

5 mg/kg/day

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16
Q

leucine RDA

A

42 mg/kg/day

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17
Q

complete protein

A

contains adequate amounts of EAA
-all animal protein is complete

18
Q

incomplete protein

A

lacking adequate in 1+ or more EAA
-plants often lack lysine or methionine -

19
Q

whatever AA is lacking is called

A

limiting AA

20
Q

protein quality

A

ability of a food and its dietary protein to provide nitrogen and amino acid for needs
-growth, maintenance, and repair of cells and tissues

21
Q

PDCAA

A

protein quality score
from 0.0 to 1.0

22
Q

factors that impact protein quality

A
  1. completeness
  2. bioavailablity of EAA
  3. protein density
  4. plant vs animal protein
23
Q

limiting amino acid in plants

A

either lysine or methionine

24
Q

sources high in protein

A

meat, dairy, legumes, nuts

24
Q

sources low in protein

A

starch, most plants, fruit

24
Q

quinoa

A

complete protein with low protein density

25
Q

beans

A

incomplete protein with high protein density

26
Q

vegan protein recommendations

A

0.8 g/kg bw + add 10% to RDA

27
Q

vegan diet benefits

A

-more fiber
-less CVD
- decrease sat fat
-more vit C
-more folate
-more magnesium
-more potassium

28
Q

vegan diet limitations

A

increase starch
decrease protein
decrease B12, calcium, iron, omega 3

29
Q

PKU

A

cant metabolize phenyalanine
- missing enzyme PAH that metabolizes PHE to tyrosine
- toxic to PHE

30
Q

conditionally EAA

A

we can make them by only from EAA
- when EAA is missing the CEAA becomes essential

31
Q

people with PKU should avoid

A

animal proteins, quinoa, high protein, aspartame

32
Q

people with PKU should monitor

A

plant food, fruit, and vegetables
cereals and many flour products

33
Q

protein digestion in stomach

A

proteases, pepsin, HCL

34
Q

protein digestion in small intestine

A

pancreatic and mucosa cell proteases

35
Q

proteases

A

pepsinogen
enteropeptidase
trypsinogen

36
Q

pepsinogen

A

converts to pepsin
- in stomach
- pro- enzyme
- hcl
pepsin can come back and activate it

37
Q

enteropeptidase

A

made in mucosa cells
activates typsinogen

38
Q

trypsinogen

A

made in pancreas
- trypsinogen converts trypsin
-enteropeptidase converts/ activates to trypsin

39
Q
A