Quiz 5 Flashcards
Skin functions
thermoregulation, communication, sensation, vitamin d synthesis, resists infection and trauma, barrier to h2o and radiation (uv)
What is skin also known as?
integument
What does the integumentary system consist of?
the skin and it’s accessory organs such as hair, nails, and glands
What is the study of the inegumentary system?
dermatology
What is the largest organ in the body?
skin
The outer layer of skin
epidermis
the deeper layer of skin
dermis
What does thick skin cover?
the palms, soles of the feet, and surfaces of the fingers and toes and contains sweat glands
Ehat does thin skin cover?
the rest of the body and contains hair follicles and sebaceous glands as well as sweat glands
Epidermal cells
are packed with keratin and linked with desmosomes that increase durability and impermeability
What is the pH of skin
slightly acidic with a pH of 4-6
What does skin form a barrier from?
the skin blocks water moving in either direction, the epidermis blocks uv radiation, the skin is a barrier to some harmful chemicals but is permeable to some drugs and poisons
What is Vitamin D synthesis?
vit d is needed for bone development and maintenance
What nerve endings does skin have?
heat, cold, touch, texture, pressure, vibration, and tissue injury
mucus
noun
mucous
adjective
hyperplasia
add more cells
hypertrophy
make cells biger
neoplasia
growth of new mass
metaplasia
one tissue becomes another
regeneration
replace damaged cells with the same cells
fibrosis
replace damaged cells with FCT
Where are most sensory receptors?
face, palms, fingers, soles, nipples, and genitals
thermoregulation
thermoreceptors in the skin transmit signals to the brain that can lead to vasoconstriction of dermal blood vessels to prevent heat loss or vasodilation to increase it
What is the epidermis?
a keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, and like other epithelia, lacks blood vessels and depends on diffusion for nutrients and waste removal
What five types of cells is the epidermis composed of?
stem cells, melanocytes, tactile cells, dendritic cells
What are stem cells?
undifferentiated cells that divide to give rise to keratinocytes
Where are stem cells found?
the deepest layer (stratum basale)
What are melanocytes?
occur only in the stratum basale; they synthesize the pigment melanin
Whtat are tactile cells
the receptors for the sense of touch; found in the stratum basale, they are associated eith an underlying dermal nerve fiber
What are dendritic cells ?
macrophages that migrate from bone marrow, are found in the stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum where they stand guard against foreign pathogens
How are the cells of the epidermis arranged?
in four to five strata
