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PATHO > Quiz 4,5 & 6 > Flashcards

Quiz 4,5 & 6 Flashcards

1
Q

An example of transcellular fluid within the body is:

Cerebrospinal fluid
Intracellular fluid
Fluid within the veins and arteries
Fluid within cell bodies

A

Cerebrospinal fluid

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2
Q

You are working with a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus and would like to make recommendations regarding their exercise and physical therapy plan. Which of the following statements would be appropriate instructions for this patient?

Pace activities to conserve energy
Protect joints by avoiding high impact exercises
Excessive bed rest is important for recovery
Both A & B

A

Both A & B

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3
Q

In regards to clinical manifestations of HIV in the body, all of the following are potential symptoms that can occur in the early stages EXCEPT:

Weight loss
Fevers
Diarrhea
Dementia

A

Dementia

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4
Q

You are working with a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. All of the following statements are TRUE regarding this condition EXCEPT:

Early symptoms of lupus include arthritis
It is more prevalent in young women
The body produces antibodies against itself, attacking multiple systems
This condition typically only involves the musculoskeletal system

A

This condition typically only involves the musculoskeletal system

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5
Q

All of the following statements are TRUE regarding airborne transmission of pathogens EXCEPT:

Organisms travel up to 3 feet in the air
Organisms are not visible to the naked eye
It is propelled through coughing
Organisms can remain suspended in the air for hours

A

Organisms travel up to 3 feet in the air

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6
Q

Transferring antibodies from a mother to a fetus or through breast milk is an example of:

red Immunity
Passive Aquired Immunity
Adapted immunity
Innate immunity

A

Passive Aquired Immunity

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7
Q

ou are working with a patient with Fibromyalgia and would like to implement a modality. Which of the following modalities would be MOST appropriate for this patient population?

Cryotherapy
Thermal ultrasound
High voltage electrical stimulation
Both B & C

A

both B & C

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8
Q

You are working with a patient with known “hypermagnesia.” Based on this information, what would you expect to see when measuring vital signs?

Hypertension
Tacycardia
Hypotension
Strong pulse

A

hypotension

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9
Q

You are working with a patient with hypokalemia. The patient reports feeling very thirsty and drinking more water than usual. As a result, the patient will likely present with:

Polyuria
Oliguria
Anuria
None of the above

A

polyuria

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10
Q

You are working with a patient with HIV. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding transmission of this virus?

It is primarily transmitted through blood - take caution when handling needles or wounds where blood is present
It is primarily transmitted through saliva - take caution with sharing straws or cups between patients
It is primarily transmitted through semen - sexual contact should be avoided
Both A & C

A

both A & C

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11
Q

You are working with a patient who demonstrates a respiration rate of 43 breaths per minute. The patient appears to be in distress. Which of the following clinical findings would be MOST likely with a patient presenting this way?

Respiratory alkalosis
Hypoventilation
Increased CO2
Both A & B

A

respiratory alkalosis

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12
Q

You are working with a patient and are collecting a subjective report. The patient states, “My muscles are burning, 8/10 and it feels like a migraine headache of my muscles.” Based off this descriptor, what is the MOST likely diagnoses involved with this patient?

Chronic fatigue syndrome
Fibromyalgia
Connective tissue disease
Rheumatoid arthritis

A

fibromyalgia

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13
Q

You are working with a patient with streptococcal pharyngitis. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE regarding this bacteria?

The incubation stage is 10-14 days
Pain with swallowing is a common symptom
The incubation stage is 1-5 days
It requires antibiotic treatment

A

incubation stage is 10=14 days

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14
Q

Which of the following conditions colonizes in the oropharynx and nasopharynx and is the most common cause of meningitis in infants and toddlers?

Streptococcus pharyngitis
Pseudomonas
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

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15
Q

You are working with a patient with Fibromyalgia. The patient reports they are currently sedentary but would like to be more active. Which of the following BEST describes a physiologic affect that occurs with persons with Fibromyalgia?

Circulation increases excessively with exercise
Circulation decreases with exercise
Tightness and trigger points do not present in the neck and chest muscles
The diaphragm is unaffected and remains fully functioning

A

circulation decreases with exercise

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16
Q

A patient with cardiovascular pathology is placed on a diuretic. Which laboratory test should be the MOST essential for the physical therapist assistant to monitor based on the patient’s prescribed medication?

Cardiac biomarkers
Prothrombin time (blood clot)
Serum cholesterol
Serum electrolytes

A

Serum electrolytes

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17
Q

ou are working with a patient who had hip surgery 2 days ago and presently has a urinary catheter. Which of the following statements BEST describes the actions a healthcare worker should NOT perform when working with this patient?

If the drainage tube becomes disconnected, do not touch the ends of the tubing
Raise the drainage bag above the level of the person’s bladder
Drain the urine from the tubing before the person exercises or ambulates
Lower the drainage bag below the level of the person’s bladder

A

raise the drainage bag above the level of the person’s bladder

18
Q

You are working with a patient who reports persistent diarrhea. When intervewing the patient, which of the following questions would be the MOST relevant to determine if they possibly have Clostridium Difficile?

Have you recently injested dairy?
Do you wear a mask when at the grocery store?
Have you recently travelled outside the U.S.?
Have you recently been on a series of antibiotics?

A

Have you recently been on a series of antibiotics?

19
Q

All of the following statements are TRUE regarding Hepatitis C except:

Is known as the “traveler’s virus”
Patients with Hep C are more likely to develop chronic cirrhosis
Common amongst IV drug users
No vaccine is available to prevent Hep C

A

Is known as the “traveler’s virus”

20
Q

You are working with a patient with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS). Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding this diagnoses?

It involves unexplained fatigue for less than or equal to 6 months duration
It involves unexplained fatigue for greater than or equal to 6 months duration
The average illness duration is 1-2 years
Rates are higher in men

A

It involves unexplained fatigue for greater than or equal to 6 months duration

21
Q

You are working with a 67 year old patient who presents with blister-like lesions following a dermatome pattern. The lesions appear along the patient’s trunk and the patient reports pain and itching. Which of the following conditions BEST decribes this patient?

Herpes simplex
Mononucleosis
Varicella
Herpes zoster

A

Herpes zoster

22
Q

A physical therapist assistant discusses the importance of a proper diet with a patient who has congestive heart failure (CHF). Which of the following substances would MOST likely be restricted in the patient’s diet?

Sodium
High-density lipoproteins (HDL)
Low density lipoproteins (LDL)
Triglycerides

A

sodium

23
Q

You are working with an elderly patient with renal dsyfunction. Based on the physiologic changes that occur with aging, which of the following BEST describes what condition could happen when the kidney is not able to excrete free water from the body?

Hyponatremia
Hypernatremia
Ketoacidosis
Hypermagnesia

A

hyponatremia

23
Q

you are working with a male patient who complains of burning with urination and penile discharge. You notify the nurse of the patient’s reports because:

This could be a sexually transmitted infection
This could be Human Papillomavirus
This could be Chlamydia
Both A & C

A

This could be Chlamydia or C: both a & c

24
Q

You are working with a patient who presents with a rash on their face. In what diagnoses is this patterning of rash MOST seen?

Dermatitis
Lupus erythematosus
Chronic hepatitis
Psoriasis

A

Lupus erythematosus

25
Q

While interviewing a patient, you uncover that they recently travelled to South America where they backpacked for 1-2 weeks. At times they were not near large sources of water yet made ends meet. The patient presents with fatigue, diarrhea, and joint pain that began a week into their trip. These symptoms BEST describe what form of hepatitis?

Hep D
Hep B
Hep C
Hep A

A

Hep A

26
Q

You are treating a patient with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) and incoporating various interventions. Which of the following best describes interventions that would be MOST appriopriate for a person with this diagnoses?

Soft tissue massage to enhance ROM and posture
Stretching to promote posture
Low level exercises performed in small bouts throughout the day
All answers are correct

A

All answers are correct

27
Q

You are working with a patient who has a decubitus ulcer (pressure wound) on their left ischial tuberosity. While working with the patient, you note that there is a blue-green exudate and a sweet, grape-like odor (fruity). What is this MOST indicative of?

Streptococcal infection
Herpes virus
Pseudomonas
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)

A

Pseudomonas

28
Q

You are working with a patient with Fibromyalgia who also has arthritis in bilateral knees. The patient is currently obese and overall inactive. Which of the following exercises would be MOST appropriate for this patient?

Treadmill training
Stretching to the point of limitation repeated 10 times a day
AROM aquatic exercises
High intensity interval training

A

AROM aquatic exercises

29
Q

You are working with a patient who is struggling with respiratory acidosis. In regards to physical presentation, you would expect the patient to present with all of the following EXCEPT:

Hyperventilation
Decreased blood PH
Dyspnea
Hypoventilation

A

hyperventilation

30
Q

all of the following are strategies to reduce the transmission of HIV EXCEPT:

sexual partner notification
decreased patient care for persons with HIV
increased education to the public regarding transmission
routine screening

A

decreased patient care for persons with HIV

31
Q

You just finished working with a patient with MRSA. Prior to leaving the room, you washed your hands for 10-15 seconds with soap. In order to BEST prevent transmission of this bacteria you should:

Apply an alcohol-based hand sanitizer
Continue on to the next treatment
No further action is needed
Apply an antimicrobial soap and wash for 30 seconds

A

Apply an antimicrobial soap and wash for 30 seconds

32
Q

You are working with a patient that has been very nauseous for the last 24 hours and has had difficulty consuming fluids. If the patient is dehydrated, all the following symptoms could present EXCEPT:

Postural hypotension
Dizziness when lying down
Headache
Rapid pulse

A

Dizziness when lying down

33
Q

You are working with a patient and assessing vital signs. You notice that the patient’s heart rate has increased and their blood pressure has decreased. Which of the following statements BEST describes what could cause this change?

Extravascular fluids have increased
Intravascular fluids have decreased
Intravascular fluids have increased
Extravascular fluids have decreased

A

Intravascular fluids have decreased

34
Q

While working with a patient, the patient experiences tetany and Chvostek’s sign. Which of the following BEST explains the cause of these clinical symptoms?

Hypocalcemia
Hypercalcemia
Hyponatremia
Hyperkalemia

A

hypocalcemia

35
Q

You are working with a patient with diabetes mellitus and uncontrolled blood sugar. Which of the following clinical findings would be MOST likely with this patient?

Metabolic acidosis
Metabolic alkalosis
Fruity odor of breath
Both A & C

A

metabolic acidosis

36
Q

The bullseye skin pattern is also called

A

flavivirus

37
Q

which strategy prevent transmission of HAIs (healthcare-acquired infections) EXCEPT:

Identify a patient’s transmission precautions prior to working with them
Observe clients for signs of infection and notify nursing of observations
Stay away from susceptible, high-risk clients when you have an obvious infection
Identify a patient’s transmission precautions after working with them

A

identify a patient’s transmission precautions after working with them

38
Q

You are working with a patient and notice in their past medical history that upon admittance to the hospital they had a serum blood PH of 7.10. This PH level indicates that:

PH is too low (alkaline)
PH is too low (more acidic)
PH is too high (acidic)
PH is too low (more alkaline)

A

PH is too low (more acidic)

39
Q

All of the following are common signs and symptoms of Fibromyalgia EXCEPT:

Sciatica
Myalgia
Double vision (diplopia)
Sleep disturbances

A

Sciatica

40
Q
A

PATHO (18 decks)

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