8/9 MIDTERM REVIEW Flashcards
episodic hyperactivity of smaller bronchioles
asthma
decreased elasticity at the alveoli
emphysema
genetic autosomal recessive disease. 1/4 or 25% chance is both parents are a carrier
cystic fibrosis
inflammation of the larger bronchioles
chronic bronchitis
decreased IRV and increased ERV
restricitve lung disease
increased RV
COPD - obstructive lung disease
types of restrictive lung disease
idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
pneumonia
sarcoidosis
aspiration
FEV 1 = 70%
forced exhalation volume a healthy person can do
respiratory values
TV - quiet 500mL
ERV
IRV
RV
orthostatic hypotension
pooling of blood in lower body
- decrease in more than 20+ systolic BP
- decreased 10 from both systolic/diastolic and increase 15bpm
AHA BLOOD PRESSURE
normal = 120/80
elevated = 120-129/80
stage 1 = 130-139/80-89
stage 2 = 140/90+
cor pulmonale
right sided heart failure
pt shows sings of SOB and dry cough
left sided heart failure
backflow of blood to R atrium leading to either edema in legs or distended jugular vein?
right sided heart failure
patient position for R sided HF?
head needs the be elevated & high fowlers position
normal stroke volume
55-75%
cardiac output liters per minute?
4-6L per min
CO = heart rate X stroke volume
heart valves’ R - L
R TRICUSPID
PULMONARY VALVE
L BICUSPID
AORTIC VALVE
cell death of heart tissue
myocardial infarction
lack of oxygen to the heart resulting in chest pain
ischemic
men = pain in L arm
women = pain in stomach, upper back, & mid chest
or Levine sign = pledge of allegiance
cause of infarction
coronary artery disease (CAD) = supplies the heart w blood but artery narrows , also know as the windowmaker
EXG presentation of a MI
ST elevation
drug used for angina, chest pain
nitroglycerin
1st tablet, wait 5 min
2nd tablet, wait 5 min
3rd tablet, wait 5 min
if still no relief after 3rd tablet medical attention is needed ASAP
ACE inhibitor
“pril”
angiotensin I -> II
decreased bp & work load
beta blockers
decreased hr
decreased fight or flight “adrenergic”
use BORG if pts is on beta blockers for exercise intensity
diuretics
water pill
pts pee out their water load
decreased work by reducing blood volume
lack of red blood cells, low iron
anemia
rheumatoid arthritic
morning stiffness
bilateral
smaller joints like fingers
osteoarthritis
weight bearing joints (hips, knees, back,)
stiffness but goes away
unilateral
bone healing process
inflammation, soft callus, hard callus, and bone remodeling
fracture types (13)
complete
incomplete
open
closed
transverse
spiral
longitudinal
oblique
comminuted
impacted
greenstick
stress
avulsion
