infectious & degenerative disorders Flashcards
a patient presents with rigidity, flexion of arms, clenched fist, & extended legs. This abnorma posturing is called?
Axial posturing
Decerebrate posturing
Hypotonic Posturing
Decorticate posturing
decorticate posturing
A patient with encephalitis who scores a 3 on the Glasgow Coma Scale would present as:
No alteration in consciousness, motor function, and verbal response
Mile alteration in consciousness, motor function, and verbal response
Severe alteration in consciousness, motor function, and verbal response
Moderate alteration in consciousness, motor function, and verbal response
Severe alteration in consciousness, motor function, and verbal response
Which of the following is a distinct clinical feature of encephalitis yet not meningitis?
Headache
Altered consciousness
Fever
Nausea
Altered consciousness
what is the most common cause of viral meningitis?
escherichia coli
herpes simplex 2
enterovirus
epstein-barr virus
enterovirus
A patient is tested for meningitis. They are in supine and the hip is flexed while the knee is extended. The patient does not complain of pain. This is a:
Positive Brudzinski’s Sign
Positive Kernig Sign
Negative Kernig Sign
Negative Brudzinski’s Sign
Negative Kernig Sign
Which of the following is the MOST common form of meningitis?
Tuberculous
Bacterial
Chemical
Viral
Viral
You are working with a patient with Parkinson’s who tends to freeze during ambulation. Which of the following is the BEST strategy to improve movement with this client?
Rocking the body to generate weight shift
Music
Stamping feet
All answers are correct
All answers are correct
Which of the following is a common reason Parkinson’s patients are at risk of being off balance or falling?
Retropulsion
Freezing
Festinating gait
All answers are correct
all answers are correct
Which of the following symtpoms is the single MOST common and disabling symptom of Multiple Sclerosis?
Sensory changes
Vision changes
Muscle spasms
Fatigue
Fatigue
A clients with Huntington’s Disease being tested for dysdiadochokinesia would be asked to:
Perform rapid tongue movements
Perform rapid finger to thumb tapping
Assess muscle strength
Both A & B
Both A & B
Which of the following brain structures is MOST impacted by Huntington’s Disease?
Pons
Hippocampus
Frontal lobe
Basal ganglia
Basal ganglia
A client with dystonia presents with uncontrolled blinking in your session. This is called:
Blepharospasms
Cervical dystonia
Dysphonia
Oromandibular dystonia
Blepharospasms
Which of the following is NOT an effective strategy when designing a program for a person with Alzheimer’s Disease?
Perform exercises in the daytime
Start with activities that the client can achieve
Group therapy with simple exercises
Avoid storytelling into the exercise program
Avoid storytelling into the exercise program
Which of the following would be an expected symptom of someone with dementia?
Occasional lapses in attention
Temporary sadness or anxiety
Slower reaction time
Severe weight loss
Severe weight loss
At what stage of ALS is a person beginning to demonstrate moderate to severe muscle weakness and has become wheelchair dependent?
Stage 3
Stage 2
Stage 5
Stage 4
Stage 5
You are working with a patient with ALS who presents with a forward, drooping head. Which of the following complications should you be the MOST concerned about?
Tight neck extensor muscles
Normal diaphragmatic breathing
Respiratory distress when sleeping in prone
Respiratory distress when sleeping in supine
Respiratory distress when sleeping in the supine
A patient with ALS presenting with dysarthria may exhibit all of the following presentations EXCEPT:
Nasal tone
An inability to comprehend language
Whispering quality of voice
Inability to shout or sing
An inability to comprehend language
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding fasciculations seen in ALS?
They are muscle contractions that occur in predictable patterns
They are muscle contractions that occur spontaneously
Occurs due to hypoexcitable distal motor axons
Fasciculations are not found in healthy adults
They are muscle contractions that occur spontaneously
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding motor control manifestations and ALS?
Hyperextension of the head is common
Extensor muscles become weaker than flexor muscles
Flexor muscles become weaker than extensor muscles
Decreased lumbar lordosis occurs as a result of weakness
Extensor muscles become weaker than flexor muscles
In up to 50% of ALS patients, this impairment is noted and impacts working memory, visual attention, and problem-solving.
Muscle wasting
Fasciculations
Dysarthria
Cognitive
Cognitive
