ELECTROLYTES, ACID-BASE, INFECTIOUS & AUTOIMMUNE HW

Question 1

A patient who presents with hyponatremia is likely to present with hypotension and bradycardia as a result of the condition

Answer 1

False

Question 2

An example of normal serum pH level in the body is

Answer 2

7.35 to 7.45

Question 3

Influences blood volume and pressure as well as retention or loss of interstitial fluid

Answer 3

Sodium

Question 4

Involved in electrical excitation of cardiac cells also important for bones, kidney and G.I. tract

Answer 4

Calcium

Question 5

Is essential for normal muscle contraction relaxation, especially involving muscles of the heart, intestine, respiratory track, and neural stimulation of skeletal muscles

Answer 5

Potassium

Question 6

This depresses acetylcholine release at synaptic junctions making it important for electrical acid, ability in nerves and muscle cells

Answer 6

Magnesium

Question 7

Carbon dioxide rises in the body due to respiratory distress and inability to remove CO2 from the body causes, increase hydrogen ions and decreases in pH in the body

Answer 7

Respiratory acidosis

Question 8

Carbon dioxide decreases in the body due to hyperventilation conditions, such as when someone is hyperventilating. This drop in CO2 causes a decrease in hydrogen ions and pH rises.

Answer 8

Respiratory alkalosis

Question 9

This can occur in condition such as diabetes when blood sugar rises, and there is an increase in breakdown of fat in the body; the patient will present with fruity breath and malaise

Answer 9

Metabolic acidosis

Question 10

Use of laxatives, anti-acids or surgeries can lead to a decrease in acid in the body which can cause overproduction of bicarbonate in the body; the patient will compensate by breathing slowly (hypo ventilation )

Answer 10

Metabolic alkalosis

Question 11

The most common symptom of hypocalcemia; sensation of tingling around the mouth and in the hands and feet and spasms of the muscles in the face and extremities

Answer 11

Tetany

Question 12

Excessive accumulation of interstitial fluid in a general or localized area of the body; characterized by SOB, nocturia and orthopnea

Answer 12

Edema

Question 13

Moving from supine to standing position causes a drop in Venus return

Answer 13

Orthostatic hypotension

Question 14

The elasticity in your skin
Example, when you pinch the skin on your arm, it should spring back into place within a second or two indicating adequate hydration

Answer 14

Turgor

Question 15

When observing the skin coloration of a person with pseudomonas, what color will be most visible?

Answer 15

Blue green

Question 16

Transmitted through contact with body fluids, feces, and ingestion of contaminated food and water

Answer 16

Hepatitis A

Question 17

Transmitted through contact with contaminated blood, blood products or through sexual contact; is the blood-borne pathogen most likely to be contracted by healthcare workers

Answer 17

Hepatitis B

Question 18

Transmitted via infected blood and most common in those people who use IV illicit drugs, or have multiple sexual partners

Answer 18

Hepatitis C

Question 19

Transmitted from birds by mosquitoes; infect, birds, mammals, and humans

Answer 19

West Nile

Question 20

Common clinical manifestations for fibromyalgia

Answer 20

Muscle pain, and tender points
Visual problems
Mental and physical fatigue
Sleep disturbances
Morning stiffness
Mitral valve prolapse

Question 21

Butterfly rash

Answer 21

Systemic lupus erythematosus