ELECTROLYTES, ACID-BASE, INFECTIOUS & AUTOIMMUNE HW Flashcards
A patient who presents with hyponatremia is likely to present with hypotension and bradycardia as a result of the condition
False
An example of normal serum pH level in the body is
7.35 to 7.45
Influences blood volume and pressure as well as retention or loss of interstitial fluid
Sodium
Involved in electrical excitation of cardiac cells also important for bones, kidney and G.I. tract
Calcium
Is essential for normal muscle contraction relaxation, especially involving muscles of the heart, intestine, respiratory track, and neural stimulation of skeletal muscles
Potassium
This depresses acetylcholine release at synaptic junctions making it important for electrical acid, ability in nerves and muscle cells
Magnesium
Carbon dioxide rises in the body due to respiratory distress and inability to remove CO2 from the body causes, increase hydrogen ions and decreases in pH in the body
Respiratory acidosis
Carbon dioxide decreases in the body due to hyperventilation conditions, such as when someone is hyperventilating. This drop in CO2 causes a decrease in hydrogen ions and pH rises.
Respiratory alkalosis
This can occur in condition such as diabetes when blood sugar rises, and there is an increase in breakdown of fat in the body; the patient will present with fruity breath and malaise
Metabolic acidosis
Use of laxatives, anti-acids or surgeries can lead to a decrease in acid in the body which can cause overproduction of bicarbonate in the body; the patient will compensate by breathing slowly (hypo ventilation )
Metabolic alkalosis
The most common symptom of hypocalcemia; sensation of tingling around the mouth and in the hands and feet and spasms of the muscles in the face and extremities
Tetany
Excessive accumulation of interstitial fluid in a general or localized area of the body; characterized by SOB, nocturia and orthopnea
Edema
Moving from supine to standing position causes a drop in Venus return
Orthostatic hypotension
The elasticity in your skin
Example, when you pinch the skin on your arm, it should spring back into place within a second or two indicating adequate hydration
Turgor
When observing the skin coloration of a person with pseudomonas, what color will be most visible?
Blue green
Transmitted through contact with body fluids, feces, and ingestion of contaminated food and water
Hepatitis A
Transmitted through contact with contaminated blood, blood products or through sexual contact; is the blood-borne pathogen most likely to be contracted by healthcare workers
Hepatitis B
Transmitted via infected blood and most common in those people who use IV illicit drugs, or have multiple sexual partners
Hepatitis C
Transmitted from birds by mosquitoes; infect, birds, mammals, and humans
West Nile
Common clinical manifestations for fibromyalgia
Muscle pain, and tender points
Visual problems
Mental and physical fatigue
Sleep disturbances
Morning stiffness
Mitral valve prolapse
Butterfly rash
Systemic lupus erythematosus
