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Health Assessment > Quiz #3 Peripheral Vascular System and Lymphatics > Flashcards

Quiz #3 Peripheral Vascular System and Lymphatics Flashcards

1
Q

Temporal artery location

A

In front of the ear

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2
Q

Carotid artery location

A

Between Sternomastoid and trachea

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3
Q

Brachial artery location

A

in the bicepts-triceps furrow of the upper arm, bifurcaes into the ulnar and radial arteries

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4
Q

Femoral artery

A

posterior at lower thigh as the popliteal artery

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5
Q

Popliteal artery divides

A

anterior tibial artery and posterior tibial artery

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6
Q

Peripheral artery disease

A

involves non-coronary arteries located in the limbs.

Usually caused by atherosclerosis

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7
Q

Veins in the legs

A

Deep veins—femoral vein; popliteal vein.

Superficial veins—great and small saphenous veins.

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8
Q

Veins keep blood moving by:

A

contracting skeletal muscles; pressure gradient caused by breathing (thoracic pressure decreases, abdominal pressure increases); intraluminal valves create one-way flow.
Called capacitance vessels due to veins’ ability to stretch.

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9
Q

Venous stasis is due to:

A

problems with contraction of skeletal muscles, and/or incompetent valves in the veins, and/or a patent lumen.

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10
Q

Risk for venous disease

A

Hypercoagulable state
Vein wall trauma
Incompetent valves created by dilated and tortuous veins

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11
Q

Lymphatic system function

A

retrieves excess fluid and plasma proteins from interstitial space—returns it to the circulation.
Conserves fluid and plasma protein
Forms major part of immune system
Absorbs lipids from the small intestine

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12
Q

Lymph vessels drain into the venous system at the

A

subclavian veins

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13
Q

Right lymphatic duct drains into

A

right subclavian vein

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14
Q

Thoracic duct

A

drains most of the body; empties into the left subclavian vein

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15
Q

Lymph nodes

A

where pathogens are exposed to B and T lymphocytes

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16
Q

Superficial nodes accessible to palpation

A

Cervical—head and neck
Axillary—breast and upper arm
Epitrochlear—hand and lower arm
Inguinal—lower extremities, external genitalia, anterior abdominal wall

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17
Q

Organs with involvement in the lymph system

A

spleen, tonsils, thymus gland

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18
Q

Lymph in Infants and Children

A

lymph nodes larger; superficial nodes may be palpable

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19
Q

Aging Adult Peripheral vascular system

A

Arteriosclerosis—increased BP
Enlargement of intramuscular calf veins
29% over 70—have PAD

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20
Q

Increased risk for PAD in the aging adult

A

smoking, DM, dyslipidemia, HTN

21
Q

Increased risk for DVT in the aging adult

A

prolonged BR, prolonged immobilization, heart failure

22
Q

Subjective data for peripheral vascular system and regional lymphatics (6)

A
  1. Leg pain or cramps
  2. Skin changes on arms or legs
  3. Swelling in arms or legs
  4. Lymph node enlargement
  5. Medications
  6. Smoking history
23
Q

What to ask about leg pain for subjective assessment

A

PQRST, symptoms while walking, night pain

24
Q

Night leg pain

A

Common in aging adults, may indicate ischemic rest pain of PVD, severe night muscle cramping, or restless leg syndrome

25
Q

Claudication distance

A

The number of blocks walked or stairs climbed to produce pain

26
Q

Arteriosclerosis

A

Peripheral blood vessels grow more rigid with age.

27
Q

Athersclerosis

A

the deposition of fatty plaques on the intima of the arteries

28
Q

Lymph nodes in older adults

A

loss of lymph tissue causes a decrease in the number of nodes and a decrease in the size of remaining nodes

29
Q

Objective data for peripheral vascular system

A
  1. profile sign- check for clubbing
  2. capillary refill
  3. arm size symmetry
  4. radial pulses
  5. epitrochlear lymph notes check
  6. modified Allen test
  7. inspect and palpate the legs
30
Q

Leg exam- inspection (6)

A
  1. Skin color and temperature
  2. Hair distribution
  3. Venous pattern
  4. Size (swelling/atrophy)
  5. Symmetry
  6. Skin lesions or ulcers
31
Q

Signs of DVT

A

Acute, unilateral, painful swelling and asymmetry of calves 1cm or more

32
Q

Brown discoloration of the legs

A

Occurs with chronic venous stasis caused by hemosiderin deposits from red blood cell degradation.

33
Q

Venous ulcers site

A

medial malleolus, from bacterial invasion of poorly drained tissues

34
Q

Arterial ulcers site

A

tips of toes, metatarsal heads, and lateral malleoli

35
Q

Unilateral cool foot or sudden temperature drop moving down the leg caused by

A

arterial deficit

36
Q

Cause of bilateral pitting edema

A

heart failure, diabetic neuropathy, hepatic cirrhosis. May also occur with excessive standing and pregnany

37
Q

elevational pallor cause

A

arterial insufficiency

38
Q

Tenderness in the calf may indicate

A

DVT, superficial phlebitis, lumbosacral disorders, muscle injury

39
Q

Leg objective: palpation

A
  1. Temperature
  2. Compress calf muscle for tenderness
  3. Palpate inguinal lymph notdes
  4. Palpate femoral, popliteal, dorsalis pedis, and posterior tibial arteries.
  5. Check for pretibial edema
40
Q

Bruit in femoral arteries indicates

A

Partial occlusion

41
Q

dependent rubor

A

deep blue-red color with severe arterial insufficiency

42
Q

Chronic hypoxia due to arterial insufficiency can produce

A

Vasomotor tone and sensory loss, pooling of blood in the veins

43
Q

Unilateral edema occurs with

A

Occlusion of a deep vein or lymphatic ovstruction

44
Q

If bilateral pitting edema is present, examine for

A

Distended neck veins- indicates heart disease or pulmonary hypertension.

45
Q

Objective peripheral vascular and Lymphatic in aging adult

A

DP and PT pulses may be more difficult to find
Trophic changes associated with arterial insufficiency- ie thin, shiny skin, ridged nails, loss of hair- also occur with aging

46
Q

Pulse characterizations

A

0- absent
1- weak
2- absent
3- increased/bounding

47
Q

Right lymphatic duct empties into the

A

right subclavian vein

48
Q

Right lymphatic duct drains the

A 
right side of the head and neck
right arm
right side of the thorax
right lung and pleura
right side of the heart
right upper section of the liver

Health Assessment (20 decks)

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