Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Health Assessment > Quiz #3 Abdomen > Flashcards

Quiz #3 Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

Solid viscera

A

liver, pancreas, spleen, adrenal glands, kidneys, ovaries, uterus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Hollow viscera

A

stomach, gallbladder, small intestine, colon, bladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where can you palpate aortic pulsations?

A

the upper anterior abdominal wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Abdomen in the infant

A

Abdominal wall thinner—easier to palpate organs
Liver takes up more abdominal space.
Bladder higher in abdomen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Abdomen in the Pregnant Woman

A

Decreased motility of GI tract.

Intestines displaced upward and posterior by enlarging uterus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Abdomen in the Aging Adult

A

Esophageal emptying delayed.
Gastric acid secretions decreased.
Incidence gallstones increased.
Drug metabolism by liver decreased.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Evaluation of constipation symptoms

A

Decrease in stool frequency (less than 3 times per week)
Straining
Hard stool
Feeling of incomplete evacuation and anorectal blockage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Is constipation a consequence of aging?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Common causes of Constipation

A

1) Decreased physical activity
2) Inadequate water intake
3) Low fiber diet
4) Side effects of medications
5) Irritable bowel syndrome
6) Bowel obstruction
7) Hypothyroidism
8) Inadequate toilet facilities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Subjective Data for Abdomen

A
  1. Change in appetite
  2. Dysphagia
  3. Food intolerances
  4. Abdominal pain
  5. N/V
  6. Bowel Habits
  7. Past GI history- ulcer/galbladder disease/hepatitis?
  8. Medications/Alcohol/Tobacco
  9. Nutritional assessment/24 hour recall
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What to ask about N/V

A

How often; contents; odor; fever, chills, diarrhea, pain. eating and travel last 24 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What to ask about BM

A 
frequency
color
consistency
diarrhea/constipation
laxative use
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What to ask about abdominal hx

A
  1. ulcer
  2. GB disease
  3. hepatitis/jaundice
  4. appendicitis
  5. colitis
  6. hernia
  7. Any previous abdominal surgery? Any abdominal xray studies?
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Infant Subjective Data for Abdomen

A

Ask about bottle vs. breast feeding; how tolerating formula; eating table food?; eating habits; bowel habits; water intake.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Overweight child Subjective data for Abdomen

A

diet pattern; family’s eating pattern; body image

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Adolescent subjective data for abdomen

A
  1. eats breakfast
  2. eating pattern/habits
  3. exercise pattern
  4. If weight loss—ask how weight was lost
  5. ask about body image
  6. ask about menstrual irregularity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Aging adult subjective data for abdomen

A

Ask about acquiring groceries; who prepares meals?
24 hour diet recall
Any problems with bowels (constipation)?
Any medications which may increase dry mouth?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Inspection of the abdomen

A

1) Contour: flat; scaphoid; rounded; protuberant
2) Symmetry
3) Umbilicus
4) Skin
5) Pulsation or movement
6) Hair distribution
7) Demeanor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Auscultation of bowel sounds

A

character, frequency. Normal: high-pitched, gurgling, cascading
Hyperactive: loud, high-pitched, rushing, tinkling
Hypoactive: infrequent normal sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Auscultation of abdominal vascular sounds

A

firmer pressure with stethoscope
listen for bruits over aorta, renal arteries, iliac arteries, femoral arteries (esp. in clients with hypertension)
Note: location, pitch, timing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Percussion of the abdomen: use

A

to assess relative density of abdominal contents; locate organs; screen for abdominal fluid or masses.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What does marked pulsation of the aorta indicate?

A

Widened pulse pressure- hypertension, aortic insufficiency, thyrotoxicosis, or aortic aneurysm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What does visible peristalsis with distended abdomen indicate?

A

Intestinal obstruction

24
Q

What do abnormal patterns of pubic hair growth indicate?

A

endocrine/hormonal abnormalities or chronic liver disease

25
Q

Normal bowel sounds

A

high-pitched, gurgling, cascading

from 5-30x per minute

26
Q

borborygmus

A

hyperperistalsis- “stomach growling”

27
Q

How long to listen to determine if bowel sounds are absent

A

5 minutes

28
Q

Hyperactive bowel sounds

A

loud, high-pitched, tinkling

Signifies increased motility

29
Q

Hypoactive bowel sounds

A

Follow abdominal surgery or peritoneal inflammation

30
Q

Bruit in the celiac artery

A

normal in 4-20% of healthy people

31
Q

Systolic bruit

A

Pulsatile blowing sound

Occurs with stenosis or occlusion of an artery

32
Q

Dullness on percussion

A

Indicates a distended bladder, adipose tissue, fluid, or mass

33
Q

Hyperresonance

A

Present with gaseous distention

34
Q

Normal liver span in an adult

A

6-12 cm

10.5 cm for males, 7 cm for females

35
Q

hepatomegaly

A

liver enlargement, indicated by increased liver span

36
Q

Liver in chronic emphysema

A

displaced downward by hyperinflated lungs. Overall span is still normal.

37
Q

Splenic dullness

A

percussing for dull note from 9th to 11th ICS just behind the left midaxillary line.

38
Q

Enlarged spleen

A

indicated by dull note forward of the midaxillary line (positive spleen percussion sign)

39
Q

Costovertebral angle tenderness

A

Indirect fist percussion over 12th rib at the DVA

Sharp pain indicates inflammation of the kidney

40
Q

Light palpation

A

1st four fingers; gentle rotary motion; sliding fingers and skin together; depress 1 cm.

41
Q

Deep Palpation

A

using same technique as light palpation, depress 5-8 cm.

42
Q

Palpation in a large or obese abdomen

A

use bimanual technique

43
Q

If mass identified

A

Note:

a) Location
b) Size
c) Shape
d) Consistency (soft, firm, hard)
e) Surface (smooth, nodular)
f) Mobility (including movement with respirations)
g) Pulsatility
h) Tenderness

44
Q

Fluid wave

A

firm strike to left flank; if felt on right flank, ascites indicated

45
Q

Ascites

A

Fluid in the peritoneal cavity

Occurs with heart failure, portal hypertension, cirrhosis, hepatitis, pancreatitis, cancer

46
Q

Shifting dullness

A

Percussion shifts from tympanic to dull as you reach the flank. Indicates ascites.

47
Q

involuntary rigidity

A

Constant, boardlike hardness of the muscles

Protective mechanism- accompanies acute inflammation of the peritoneum.

48
Q

Palpating liver

A

underneath the right costal margin- normal to feel the edge of the liver as the diaphragm pushes it down during inhalation, often not palpable.

49
Q

Causes of enlarged spleen

A

Occurs with mononucleosis, trauma, infection, malaria, leukemia, lymphoma. `

50
Q

Palpating kidneys

A

“duck bill” position of hands at person’s right flank, ask pt to take a deep breath. normally nothing is felt. Right kidney may be palpable.

51
Q

Palpating aorta

A

Normally 2.5-4cm wide, pulsates in the anterior direction. In the upper abdomen slightly left of midline. Use thumb and fingers to palpate.

52
Q

Aortic aneurysm

A

Prominent lateral pulsation pushes the examiners fingers apart

53
Q

Rebound tenderness (Blumberg sign)

A

pain on release of pressure- sign of peritoneal inflammation, may be appendicitis

54
Q

Inspiratory arrest (murphy sign)

A

Sharp pain on inhalation when liver pushes the inflame gallbladder onto examiner’s hand- person stops inspiration

55
Q

Illiopsoas muscle test

A

Press down on the leg as the person tries to lift it up- when positive, iliopsoas muscle is inflamed- indicates appendicitis

56
Q

Older adult objective

A

Organs may be easier to palpate because of thinner abdominal wall
Liver & kidneys easier to palpate
Abdominal rigidity less common
Less pain in acute abdominal problems

57
Q

Ovarian cyst S&S

A

I: curve in lower half of abdomen
A: normal bowel sounds over upper abdomen
Percussion: top dull over fluid, intestines pushed up, large cyst produces fluid wave and shifting dullness
Palpation: Transmits auortic pulsation- ascites does not

Health Assessment (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions