Quiz 3 [CH 11 + 12] Flashcards
conditioning exercise
activities that maximize performance while minimizing the possibility of injury
therapeautic exercise
exercises used in a rehabilitation program
in the athletic setting, who assumes the primary responsibility of the rehab program
ATs + PTs
what is the goal for the injured athlete
to return to activity as quickly + safely as possible
basic components + goals of a rehab program- providing correct first aid + controlling swelling
-how the injury is managed initially has a significant impact on the course of the rehab process
-to control + significantly reduce swelling, follow the POLICE principle
basic components + goals of a rehab program- reducing pain
-acute pain can be effectively controlled by the POLICE principle
-therapeautic modalities can be used such as electrical stimulation
basic components + goals of a rehab program- restoring full ROM
-injury to a joint is followed by a loss of motion (resistance of muscle + its tendon to stretch & contracture of the ligaments + capsule)
-dynamic, static, + PNF stretching activities can be used to improve flexibility
basic components + goals of a rehab program- re-establishing core stability
-essential to developing functional strength
-core functions to dynamically stabilize the entire kinetic chain during functional movements
isometric
-commonly performed early in the rehab stages when a joint is immobilized
-useful when moving through full ROM may make the injury worse
progressive resistance exercise
uses isotonic (concentric + eccentric) contractions to build strength
isokinetic
-generally used in the later stages for diagnostic purposes
-helpful in return to play decisions
plyometric
-incorporated into later stages
-restores an athlete’s ability to produce dynamic movements with power
basic components + goals of a rehab program- re-establishing neuromuscular control
-the mind’s attempt to teach the body conscious control of a specific movement
-following injury, the CNS “forgets” how to put the information together
basic components + goals of a rehab program- regaining balance
failure to address balance problems may predispose the athlete to reinjury
basic components + goals of a rehab program- maintaining cardiorespiratory fitness
-the single most neglected component of a rehab program
-pool activities + cycling can positively stress the cardiorespiratory system
basic components + goals of a rehab program- functional progressions
-involve a series of gradually progressive activities to prepare the individual to return to sport
-every new activity introduced should be carefully monitored
-if an activity doesn’t produce additional pain or swelling, the level should be advanced
basic components + goals of a rehab program- functional testing
-involves performance of a single maximal effort to give some idea of how close an athlete is to a full return to activity
-ex: agility drills, side stepping, vertical jumps, hopping, etc.
ice packs
most often used for minimizing swelling for pain immediately following an injury
hot packs
most often used after swelling has decreased to increase blood flow
how long should ice be used post-injury before using heat
ice should be used for at least 72 hours post-injury before using heat
ultrasound
increase tissue temperature
-not much research to show that this works
electrotherapy
pain relief
light therapy
can be used for jet lag to help with sleep
iontophoresis/phonophoresis
electric current + sound waves to push drugs into skin
criteria for return to play
often means the athlete is fully reconditioned + has achieved:
-full ROM
-strength
-neuromuscular control
-cardiovascular fitness
-sport specific functional skills
who makes the final return to play decision
-team physician
-requires input from AT, PT, athlete, +/or coach
besides the physical well-being, the athlete must also have gained full ____ to return to their sport
confidence
athletes deal with injury ____
differently
-some may view injury as disatrous
-some may view it as an opportunity to show courage
severity of injury determines ____
length of rehabilitation
short term
less than 4 weeks
long term
greater than 4 weeks
-any surgery will have long-term recovery
chronic
recurring
terminating
career ending
-can also be season ending
short term- reaction to injury
shock
relief
short term- reaction to rehab
impatience
optimism
short term- reaction to return
eagerness
anticipation
long term- reaction to injury
fear
anger
long term- reaction to rehab
loss of vigor
irrational thoughts (I can’t come back, I will never return to how i was before)
alienation
long term- reaction to return
acknowledgement
chronic- reaction to injury
anger
frustration
chronic- reaction to rehab
dependence or independence
apprehension
chronic- reaction to return
confident
skeptical
terminating- reaction to injury
isolation
grief process
terminating- reaction to rehab
loss of athletic identity
terminating- reaction to return
closure
renewal
what are the 3 reactive phases of the injury process
-reaction to injury
-reaction to rehab
-reaction to return to competition/career termination
other factors that can influence reactions to injury
-coping skills
-history of injury
-social support
-personality
what are the 2 biggest social support usually
teammates
family
-not always these though
injury prone athletes are often…
-risk takers or have reserved personalities
-lack the ability to cope with stress associated
-an athlete who enters competition angry, frustrated, or discouraged
what do negative stressors lead to
lack of attentional focus + muscle tension which leads to stress-injury connection
is sport a stressor
yes
-besides performance concerns, other stressors include expectations from coaches or parents
overtraining
imbalance between physical load + coaping capacity of the athlete
-both physical + psychological factors underlie overtraining
2 psychological outcomes of overtraining
-staleness
-burnout
____ is one of the most common mental + emotional stress producers
anxiety
staleness
often attributed to emotional problems stemming from daily worries, fears, + anxieties
-stale athletes become irritable + have to force themselves to practice
-BORED to be there
-compare this to student being in a class they don’t want to be in; you know you have to be there but there is no inner emotional drive to be there
staleness increases risk for what
acute + overuse injuries
-stress fx + tendinitis common
signs + symptoms of staleness
-deterioration in usual standard of performance
-chronic fatigue
-apathy
-loss of appetite
-indigestion
-weight loss
-inability to sleep or rest properly
is staleness or burnout more detrimental
burnout
burnout
physical + emotional exhaustion leading to negative sport attitude
-both negative psycholgical + physical so creates big problems in performance
what does burnout stem from
overwork
signs + symptoms of burnout
-frequent headaches
-GI distrubances
-sleeplessness
-chronic fatigue
-feelings of depersonalization
-increased emotional exhaustion
-reduced sense of accomplishment
-cynicism
-depressed mood
9 factors to incorporate into goal setting for the athlete
-set specific + measureable goals
-use positive vs negative language
-challenging but realistic
-reasonable timetable
-integrate short, medium, + long term goals
-link outcome to process
-internalize goals
-monitor + evaluate goals
-link sports goals to life goals
providing social support to the injured athlete- project a caring image
it is important to consider the athlete as an individual instead of the sprained ankle
-establish rapport + genuine concern for the athlete
providing social support to the injured athlete- be a good listener
-active listening
-listen beyond complaining + listen for fear, anger, depression, or anxiety
providing social support to the injured athlete- be aware of body language
be concerned + look the athletes in the eye with genuine interest
providing social support to the injured athlete- find out what the problem is
the athlete should provide as much input about his/her injury as possible (patient centered care)
providing social support to the injured athlete- explain the injury to the athlete
care should be taken to explain the injury to the athlete in understandable terms
providing social support to the injured athlete- manage the stress of injury
the athlete has more success during rehab when engage fully in the rehab activity
-techniques such as relaxation, imagery, thought stopping, etc. can lessen stressful reactions
providing social support to the injured athlete- keep the athlete involved with the team
as early in the rehab process as possible, the athlete should begin sport specific drills during practice time with their athletic team
-the athlete then begins to reenter the team culture + is not isolated
providing social support to the injured athlete- help the athlete return to play
assist the athlete in making a decision based on facts + not clouded by emotions
what is a method of making an objective decision about the athlete’s readiness to return to activity
collect baseline performance data in preseason + use those scores to compare
ATs + other medical health professionals should care for the athlete as a ____
person
can ATs + other medical health professionals assist the athlete as counselors
NO- they are not professionally able
the medical staff must work with the athletics administration to develop what
a plan to identify student-athlets with psychological concerns + facilitate an effective referral system
what can a career ending injury do to athlete
can have detrimental effects on the mental state of an athlete
-athletes experience different emotions following planned sport retirement vs unexpected termination due to injury
-many athletes:
-isolate themselves as they grieve the loss of their athletic identity, unable to adjust
-experience negative emotions related to their loss of career, identity, place in society, + social group
