QUIZ 1 LYMPHATIC PG1-9 Flashcards
What makes up the lymphatic system?
Lymph
Lymph vessels
Lymph tisssue
What are 4 functions of the lymph system?
1.) Drains interstitial fluid not reabsorbed by capillaries
2.) returns leaked plasma proteins to blood
3.) transports dietary lipids and lipid soluble vitamins from GI to blood
4.) protects against invasion of microorganisms through immune response
What are the characteristics of lymphatic vessels?
Resemble veins except:
Thinner walls
More valves
What are characteristics of lymphatic capillaries?
Closed ended tubes between cell spaces
Generally follow veins in the dermis and arteries associated with viscera
Lymphatic capillaries are found throughout the body except for:
A vascular tissues ( cartilage, epithelia)
CNS
Splenic pulp
Red bone marrow
Fine collagen fibres. At right angles to the lymphatic endothelial cells are called_____?
Anchoring filaments
Specialized lymphatic capillaries in villi of small intestine are called_____?
Lacteals
Lymphatic capillaries unite to form_____?
Lymphatic vessels
What is lymph formed from?
Excess fluid not absorbed by capillaries ( approx 15%)
How many litres ( approx) of lymph enters lymphatic vessels?
3
List the pattern of fluid flow
1.) arteries ( blood plasma)
2.) capillaries (blood plasma)
3.) interstitial spaces ( interstitial fluid)
4.) lymphatic capillaries ( lymph)
5.) lymphatic vessels (lymph)
6.) lymphatic nodes (lymph)
7.) lymph trunks (lymph)
8.) lymph ducts (lymph)
9.) subclavian vein (blood plasma)
What can affect the flow of lymph?
- Skeletal muscle contractions
- Respiratory pump
Areas that collect lymph from the editing lymphatic vessels of lymph nodes and drain into lymphatic ducts are called?
Lymph trunks
List 5 lymph trunks
- Lumbar (left and right)
- Intestinal
- Bronchomediastinal (left and right)
- Subclavian (left and right)
- Jugular (left and right)
What two ducts do the drunks eventually empty lymph into?
1.) thoracic (left lymphatic duct)
2.) right lymphatic duct
What is the main collecting duct of the lymphatic system?
Left lymphatic
What does the right lymphatic duct drain?
Drains upper right side of body ( right arm, upper trunk and head)
Where does the right lymphatic duct drain into?
Right subclavian vein
What does the left lymphatic duct drain?
Left side f the upper body ( head, neck chest, upper limb) + lower body from ribs down
Where does the left lymphatic duct drain to?
Left subclavian vein
What disorder is associated with the lymphatic system?
Lymphedema
What is lymphedema?
Tissue swelling due to the inability of the lymph system to return excess fluid to the blood
What structures are associated with immunity?
1.) red bone marrow
2.) thymus gland
3.) lymph nodes
4.) spleen
5.) lymphatic nodules
List the primary lymphatic organs
1.) red bone marrow
2.) thymus gland
What is the function of primary lymph organs?
maturation of T cells
Where does B cell maturation happen?
Flat bones and epiphysyses of long bones ( red bone marrow)
Where does T cell maturation happen?
Thymus gland
( pre T cells migrate from red bone marrow to the thymus where they grow into T cells)
Where is the thymus gland located?
Superior mediastinum
How many lymph nodes are in the body…approximately?
600
Are the lymph nodes primary or secondary organs?
Secondary
Where are lymph nodes located?
Long the length of lymph vessels scattered throughout the body.
Usually found in groups
Heavy concentrations around mammary, armpits and groin
What is the structural part of the lymph node called?
Stroma
What is the functional part of the the lymph node called?
Parenchyma
What does the stroma include?
Capsule
Trabeculae
Reticular fibres
Fibroblasts
What does the parenchyma include?
Cortex
Medulla
The outer region of the parenchyma ( cortex) contain what?
Macrophages
T cells
Germinal centres where B cells proliferate into plasma cells which secrete antibodies
The inner region of the parenchyma ( medulla) contains what?
B cells
Antibody producing plasma cells from cortex
Macrophage cells
Within the lymph node, lymph travel along irregular channels called____?
Sinuses
Lymph flows through the node though one of many (afferent) vessels and exits though __________ efferent vessels?
1-2
What organ actually filters foreign substances out of the lymph?
Lymph nodes
Where is the spleen found?
Between the fundus of the stomach and the diaphragm
