Nervous System Quiz #2

Question 1

What makes up the Peripheral nervous system?

Answer 1

1.) Cranial nerves
2.) Spinal nerves
3.) Ganglia
4.) Enteric plexuses
5.) Receptors

Question 2

What are the 4 main regions of the brain?

Answer 2

1.) Cerebrum
2.) Diecephalon
3.) Cerebellum
4.) Brain stem

Question 3

What are the subdivisions of the P.N.S?

Answer 3

1.) Somatic NS ( voluntary)
2.) Autonomic NS (involuntary-further broken down to sympathetic parasympathetic)
3.) Enteric NS ( brain of the gut)

Question 4

What is the function of the cerebellum?

Answer 4

. Balance
. posture
. hand eye coordination

Question 5

The brain stem is broken down into what 3 parts.

Answer 5

1.) Medulla oblongata
2.) Pons
3.) Midbrain
All 3 parts involved in relaying nerves to and from the spinal cord to the brain.

Question 6

What does the medulla oblongata control?

Answer 6

Controls subconscious activities such as:
.respiration
.blood pressure
.heart rate

Question 7

The diencephalon is broken up with what 2 parts?

Answer 7

1.) Thalamus
2.) Hypothalamus

Question 8

What does the thalamus control?

Answer 8

Major relay station for most sensory impulses.
Contributes to motor function from the cerebellum & basal ganglia to motor areas of the cerebral cortex

Question 9

What does the pituitary gland do?

Answer 9

releases hormones

Question 10

What does the hypothalamus control?

Answer 10

Communication centre between endocrine & nervous system. Regulates hunger, thirst, pleasure, thermostat, sexual response. It regulates release of hormones from the pituitary.

Question 11

What are the 4 parts of the cerebrum?

Answer 11

1.) cerebral cortex
2.) inner white matter
3.) basal ganglia
4.) limbic system

Question 12

The cerebral cortex is divided into how many hemispheres?

Answer 12

2 ( left and right)

Question 13

The cerebral cortex has how many lobes?

Answer 13

4

Question 14

why does the cerebral cortex have so many folds?

Answer 14

to accomodate an increased amount of interneurons

Question 15

What is the limbic system?

Answer 15

It is the emotional brain.
The amygdala is your emotional responses.
The hippocampus creates new memories.

Question 16

What are the 4 lobes of the cerebral cortex?

Answer 16

1.) Frontal
2.) Parietal
3.) Temporal
4.) Occipital

Question 17

What does the frontal lobe of the cerebral cortex control?

Answer 17

Thinking
Reasoning
Personality
Intelligence
Judgement
Language

Question 18

What does the parietal lobe of the cerebral cortex control?

Answer 18

Language
Somatosensory

Question 19

What does the temporal lobe of the cerebral cortex control?

Answer 19

Hearing
Language
Smell

Question 20

What does the occipital lobe of the cerebral cortex control?

Answer 20

Interpretation of visual stimuli

Question 21

There are 3 functional areas of the cerebral cortex. What are they and what do they do?

Answer 21

1.) Sensory areas- interpret sensory input
2.) Motor areas- determine motor output
3.) Association areas- emotions, reason, intellect, language

Question 22

What part of the brain is divided into left and right hemispheres?

Answer 22

Cerebral cortex ( Part of the cerebellum)

Question 23

What part of the brain is divided into 4 lobes?

Answer 23

Cerebral cortex ( part of the cerebellum)

Question 24

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

Answer 24

31

Question 25

In order list how many: 1.) Cervical nerves 2.) Thoracic nerves 3.) Lumbar nerves 4.) Sacral nerves 5.) coccygeal nerves there are in the body

Answer 25

1.) 8 2.) 12 3.) 5 4.) 5 5.) 1

Question 26

The amygdala and the hippocampus make up what part of the brain?

Answer 26

Limbic system

Question 27

What are 2 functions of the spinal cord?

Answer 27

1.) Integrate simple response to certain stimuli ( aka reflex) 2.) Relay information to and from the brain

Question 28

Define reflex

Answer 28

A fast, automatic pre programmed response to internal or external stimuli

Question 29

Do spinal reflexes require brain input?

Answer 29

no. They are the most basic form of response to stimuli.

Question 30

What are 2 types of reflexes

Answer 30

1.) somatic 2.) autonomic

Question 31

What is the difference between somatic and autonomic reflexes?

Answer 31

Somatic: respond to external stimuli. The effectors are skeletal muscles ie: withdrawal reflex Autonomic: respond to internal stimuli. Effectors are smooth muscle and glans ie: blood pressure, respiration etc.

Question 32

What are the divisions of the P.N.S?

Answer 32

1.) Somatic 2.) Autonomic

Question 33

What is the difference between the somatic NS and the autonomic NS?

Answer 33

Somatic: somatic sensory neurons somatic motor neurons info to skeletal mm only responses are voluntary Autonomic: visceral sensory neurons visceral motor neurons to smooth mm, cardiac mm and glands involuntary

Question 34

The P.N.S is divided into somatic and autonomic NS, and the autonomic NS is further subdivided into what categories?

Answer 34

sympathetic parasympathetic

Question 35

What does the sympathetic nervous system regulate?

Answer 35

Fight or flight response

Question 36

What does the parasympathetic nervous system regulate?

Answer 36

Rest and digest response

Question 37

Where do the nerves arise in a sympathetic response?

Answer 37

Thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord

Question 38

Where to the nerves arise in a parasympathetic response?

Answer 38

directly from the brain and the sacral region of the spinal cord

Question 39

What is the enteric nervous system?

Answer 39

" brain of the gut" An indépendant nervous system which communicates with the central nervous system via parasympathetic and sympathetic fibres. Motor neurons of the ENS innervate the gut wall and stimulate smooth MM contractions and innervate glands to regulate production of secretions of gut hormones.

Question 40

What part of the brain is involved in control of large automatic muscle movement and muscle tone? ( cells of this region lose function with Parkinson's disease)

Answer 40

Basal ganglia

Question 41

What is the largest portion of the brain?

Answer 41

cerebrum

Question 42

What gives white/grey matter their colour?

Answer 42

white matter consists of concentrations of myelinated axons. Grey matter is due to a lack of myelin. It also includes clusters of nerve cell bodies, dendrites, axon terminals and neuroglia.

Question 43

What are meninges?

Answer 43

protective connective tissue coverings of the brain and spinal cord

Question 44

what are the 3 meninges?

Answer 44

1.) dura mater ( tough superficial layer) 2.) arachnoid ( middle layer) 3.) Pia mater ( delicate inner layer with blood capillaries adhered to the brains surface)

Question 45

What are the 4 plexuses?

Answer 45

1.) Cervical 2.) brachial 3.) lumbar 4.) sacral

Question 46

How many cranial nerves are there?

Answer 46

12

Question 47

List the cranial nerves

Answer 47

I olfactory II Optic III oculomotor IV trochlear V trigeminal VI abducens VII facial VIII vestibulocochlear IX glossopharyngeal X vagus XI accessory XII hypoglossal