Immunity Pathologies Flashcards
Abscesses and ulcers
Abscess occurs if pus cannot drain out of an inflamed organ and cell debris build up
Ulcer occurs if an open sore forms, allowing drainage of pus
List 5 autoimmune disorders
- Multiple sclerosis
- Myasthenia gravis
- Rheumatic fever
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Lupus
Multiple sclerosis
Likely due to autoimmune attack on oligodendrocytes of the CNS
Leads to lesions of nerves and paralysis & loss of sensation ( and possibly vision)
Myasthenia gravis
Autoimmune attack of acetylcholine receptors at neuromuscular junctions
Rheumatic fever
Triggered by a dangerous strain of streptococcus bacteria possessing surface proteins that resemble proteins on the valves of the heart.
The attack leaves the valves leaky and transplant may be required
Rheumatoid arthritis
Auto antibodies attack synovial membranes of the joints ( especially hands and feet)
Lupus
Chronic autoimmune disorder that causes inflammation in many systems of the body
(Painful joints, pericarditis, skin lesions ( that resemble wolf bite marks, butterfly rash on face)
Cancer
Normally cell mediated immune response would lead to the destruction of virally induced tumour cells
HIV/AIDS
This virus destroys helpers T cells
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) is the end stage disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)
Hives
Inflammatory skin reaction appearing as suddenly raiding small red spots to large red wheals.
Warm to touch, itchy. Can last for several hours
Lymphoma
Cancer of the cells of lymph nodes ( usually T or B lymphocytes)
Hodgkins lymphoma is a form that affects young adults and mainly affects lymph nodes of the neck chest and Axillary
Non-hodgkins lymphoma is a grouping of many different types of cancers, more common & found in adults. Can lead to an enlarged spleen
