Blood Vessels Quiz Flashcards
What are the 6 types of blood vessels?
Arteries
Arterioles
Capillaries
Venules
Veins
Vasa vasorum
Briefly describe these 6 types of vessels:
1.) arteries
2.) arterioles
3.) capillaries
4.) venules
5.) veins
6.) vasa vasorum
1.) carry blood away from the heart TO tissues
2.) are small Arteries
3.) are microscopic vessels WITHIN tissues
4.) same as veins, just smaller
5.) return blood FROM tissues to heart
6.) vessels which supply O2 and nutrients to larger arteries and veins
What is the lumen?
The hollow centre where the blood flows within artieries
What are tunicas?
Coats that surround the lumen
How many tunica layers surround the arteries? what are they?
3
Tunica interna (or intima)
Tunica media
Tunica externa ( or adventitia)
What are the 3 types of arteries?
Elastic (conducting)
Muscular (distributing)
Anastomosis
Describe some characteristics and examples of elastic arteries
.Tunica media contains more elastic fibres then smooth
.function to conduct blood from heart to medium sized muscular arteries
.PRESSURE RESERVOIRS
Examples: large arteries such as aorta, carotid, common iliac
Describe some characteristics and examples of muscular arteries
. Medium sized thick walled arteries distribute blood from large arteries to body parts
. Tunica media has more smooth muscle
Capable of vasoconstriction and vasodilation to regulate flow of blood to structures
Examples:
Axillary, brachial, radial, splenic, mesenteric, femoral
Describe some characteristics and examples of anastomosis arteries
.occurs when branches of two or more arteries supplying same body region are joined
. Permits blood supply to organs from more then one source
Examples:
Found in hand and foot, many joints, pelvis abdomen and brain
An alternate route supplied by anastomosis is called___?
Collateral circulation
Large arteries such as aorta, carotid and common iliac arteries are examples of what type of artery?
Elastic
Medium sized thick walled arteries such as Axillary, brachial, radial, splenic, mesenteric and femoral are examples of what type of artery?
Muscular
Arteries found in hands, feet, pelvis, abdomen and brain are called?
Anastomosis
Small arteries that transfer blood to capillaries are called what?
Arterioles
What is the function of arterioles?
Blood pressure;
Regulates blood flow from arteries to capillaries
The artery that leads from the Arterioles to the capillary bed is called____?
Metarteriole
Miscroscopic vessels are called____?
Capillaries
What type of tissue makes up capillary walls?
Single layer squamous epithelial
Where are capillaries found?
Extensive in liver, muscle, brain, kidney
Few in tendons and ligaments
None in epithelia, cornea and lens of eye and cartilage
What are 3 types of capillaries?
- Continuous capillaries
- Fenestrated capillaries
- Sinusoids
What is the most common type of capillary?
Continuous capillaries
Continuous capillary’s are formed by what type of cells?
Endothelial
Where are continuous capillaries found?
Skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, connective tissue and lungs
What do the fenestrated capillaries allow to cross?
Almost everything; medium proteins, but not formed elements and large proteins
( things can cross at a faster rate)
Where are fenestrated capillaries found?
Kidneys, villi of sm intestine and endocrine gland
What do sinusoids allow to cross?
Everything can cross including formed elements and large proteins
Where are sinusoids found?
Liver, spleen, red bone marrow
In what 4 ways to materials pass through capillary walls?
- Directly across endothelial membranes through phospholipid bilateral or via transport molecules ( continuous capillaries)
- Pinocytic vesicles ( continuous capillaries)
- Fenestrations ( fenestrated capillaries)
- Intercellular clefts ( especially large in sinusoids)
What are venules?
When capillaries unite and carry blood from capillaries to veins
What 3 veins return deoxygenated blood to the right atrium?
- Coronary sinus
- Inferior vena cava
- Superior vena cava
____________ veins return oxygenated blood to the _______ atrium
Pulmonary, left
What 3 coats do veins possess?
- Tunica interna ( thinner then artieries)
- Tunica media ( much thinner with few smooth mm and elastic fibres)
- Tunica externa (thickest layer consisting of collagen and elastic fibres)
