Quiz 1

Question 1

Composition of umbilical cord

Answer 1

2 arteries and 1 vein

Question 2

Times to do APGAR evaluations

Answer 2

1 minute and 5 minutes

Question 3

Categories of the APGAR test

Answer 3

• Heart rate
• Respiratory effort
• Muscle tone
• Response to cath in nostril
• Color

Question 4

Good-excellent APGAR score

Answer 4

7-10

Question 5

Fair APGAR score

Answer 5

4-6

Question 6

Poor APGAR score

Answer 6

<4

Question 7

Condition in which two or more digits are fused together

Answer 7

Syndactyly

Question 8

Condition of being born with an extra digit

Answer 8

Polydactyly

Question 9

ideal respiratory rate of newborn

Answer 9

30-60

Question 10

ideal heart rate of newborn

Answer 10

100-160

Question 11

ideal blood pressure of newborn

Answer 11

60/35

Question 12

ideal rectal temp of newborn

Answer 12

99.1

Question 13

most common presenting symptom of sepsis in a newborn

Answer 13

respiratory distress due to pneumonia

Question 14

Caput Succedaneum

Answer 14

• swelling of a newborn’s scalp
• brought on by pressure in uterus or vagina
• crosses the suture lines

Question 15

Cephalohematoma

Answer 15

• a hemorrhage of blood between the skull and the periosteum of a newborn
• within the suture lines

Question 16

What should you think when a newborn has a bounding pulse?

Answer 16

patent ductus arteriosus

Question 17

tracheomalacia

Answer 17

-narrowing/collapse tracheal structures -resolves by 18 mos

Question 18

Types of hernias that are more common

Answer 18

umbilical and inguinal

Question 19

types of hernias that are uncommon

Answer 19

femoral and epigastric

Question 20

cause of elevated bilirubin in newborns

Answer 20

high turnover of RBCs and hepatic immaturity

Question 21

serum levels of bilirubin in normal, physiologic jaundice

Answer 21

<14mg/dl

Question 22

serum levels of bilirubin in severe hyperbilirubinemia

Answer 22

> 15-20mg/dl

Question 23

the most common cause of respiratory distress in preterm babies

Answer 23

hyaline membrane disease in which there is a surfactant deficiency

Question 24

most common autosomal chromosomal abnormality causing mental retardation

Answer 24

Down’s Syndrome

Question 25

what signs of Turner syndrome are evident at birth?

Answer 25

• webbing on neck

- edema of hands and feet

Question 26

mental development of Turner syndrome patients

Answer 26

normal

Question 27

Turner syndrome treatment

Answer 27

-estrogen and maybe GH

Question 28

Kleinfelter’s Syndrome

Answer 28

• more than one “X” chromosome in males

- Ex: XXY, XXXY

Question 29

Kleinfelter’s syndrome treatment

Answer 29

testosterone therapy at puberty

Question 30

Fragile X Syndrome

Answer 30

• due to the presence of a “fragile” site on the X chromosome where’s there’s a gap in the chromatin
• often involves mitral valve prolapse, strabismus, and connective tissue defects
• patients often have hyper-arousal, anxiety, mood swings, and moderate-severe retardation

Question 31

What is the most common hereditary cause of mental retardation in males?

Answer 31

Fragile X Syndrome

Question 32

What facial anomalies are associated with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome?

Answer 32

• Microcephaly
• Strabismus, ptosis
• Flattened mid-face, short nose
• Indistinct philtrum
• Thin upper lip
• Micrognathia-smallness of jaw (usually lower)

Question 33

Marfan Syndrome

Answer 33

• due to gene mutations resulting in reduced production of fibrillin
• resulting connective tissue disorders involve: long extremities, joint hyperreflexia, aortic root weakness/aneurysms/enlargement, lens subluxation