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MRCP Part 1 > Questions from pastest > Flashcards

Questions from pastest Flashcards

1
Q

What antibiotic is contraindicated with statins?

A

Clarithromycin

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2
Q

Treatment for subacute degeneration of cord?

A

As caused by b12 deficiency

Give IM hydroxycobalamin on alternate days until neurological deficit has reached plataeu

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3
Q

When do symptoms present in staph aureus food poisoning?

A

Few hours after ingestion

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4
Q

What is the viral cause of Kaposi’s sarcoma?

A

HHV 8

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5
Q

Treatment of MRSA +ve UTI?

A

Non severe - doxycycline or trimethoprim

Severe - IV vancomycin

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6
Q

What is the cause of recurrent infection in CLL?

A

hypogammaglobulinaemia

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7
Q

What are the features of Alport’s syndrome?

A

Sensorineural
Microscopic haemturia / renal impairment

X linked disorder (males affected worse)

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8
Q

Major complication of bleomycin?

A

Pulmonary toxicity

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9
Q

Major complication of cisplatin

A

Nephrotoxic

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10
Q

Treatment of essential tremor

A

Propranolol

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11
Q

treatment of metastatic spinal cord compression

A

IV dex

then RTx

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12
Q

Nicorandil indication

A

Stable angina

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13
Q

Multiple myeloma treatment

A

THALIDOMIDE

Then –> Bortezomib

COMMON QUESTION

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14
Q

What leukaemia is auer rods seen in / what translocation?

A

AML

t(15;17)

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15
Q

What cancer is ataxic telangiectasia associated with?

A

breast cancer

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16
Q

What to measure to assess disease activity in SLE?

A

C3 levels

will fall in active disease

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17
Q

Type 1 autoimmune hepatitis antibodies

A

Anti smooth muscle

Anti nuclear

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18
Q

Type 2 autoimmune hepatitis antibodies

A

Anti LKM1 (liver-kidney-muscle 1)

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19
Q

In SLE if a patient has thrombocytopaenia what treatment should you use??

A

Hydroxychlorquine (COMMON IN EXAMS)

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20
Q

how to distinguish IgA nephropathy from post strep glomerulonephritis

A

Timing

IgA nephropathy - <5 days after infection

PSGN develops 1-2 weeks after strep infection

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21
Q

What causes gynaecomastia in chronic liver disease?

A

Decreased androstenedione catabolism

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22
Q

Gitalman syndrome features

A

Hypomagnasaemia
hypoKalaemia
Metabolic alkalosis

Resembles thiazide diuretic

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23
Q

Bartter’s syndrome

A

Affects NKC co transporter ascending loop (like loop diuretic)

hypokalaemic metabolic alkalosis (like gitalman)

Differentiate from gitalman: - Mg normal (not low)

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24
Q

In acute severe UC if IV hydrocortisone not working - what next?

A

Medical: IV ciclosporin or infliximab

Surgical

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25
Q

What cancer does aspirin/NSAID reduce the risk of?

A

Colorectal

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26
Q

Treatment of methanol poisoning?

A

Fomepizole

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27
Q

How does carbemazapine affect warfarin?

A

Inducer –> causes fall in INR

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28
Q

Which enzyme is responsible for transporting FFAs wIthin a cell for providing energy?

A

Carnitine acyltransferase I

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29
Q

What other cardiac defect is coarctation of the aorta associated with?

A

Bicuspid Aortic valve

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30
Q

What is used to diagnose cerebral toxoplasmosis?

A

CSF PCR

not IgG toxoplasma titre - as may just have previous exposure

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31
Q

Initial investigation in patient with suspected insulinoma?

A

Supervised overnight fast with insulin, c peptide and glucose measurement

72 hour fast = gold standard for diagnosis

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32
Q

What can c peptide be used for?

A

Differentiating enodgenous insulin production vs exogenous production (e.g. injected insulin)

High in endogenous production (e.g. in insulinoma)

Low in exogenous production

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33
Q

What can c peptide be used for?

A

Differentiating enodgenous insulin production vs exogenous production (e.g. injected insulin)

High in endogenous production (e.g. in insulinoma)

Low in exogenous production

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34
Q

What examination finding favours a common peroneal nerve palsy rather than L5 lesion?

A

Preserved foot inversion

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35
Q

Treatment of CMV?

A

Ganciclovir IV or valganciclovir PO first line depending on where

Only treat if immunocompromised

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36
Q

What cells release somatostatin?

A

D cells

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37
Q

What skin condition is associated with beta blocker use?

A

psoriasis

38
Q

What skin condition is associated with psoriasis use?

A

bisoprolol

39
Q

What organism has the best outcomes in infective endocarditis?

A

Streptococcus (NOT staph)

40
Q

What organism has the best outcomes in infective endocarditis?

A

Streptococcus (NOT staph)

41
Q

What a-1 antitripsin deficiency is associated with the most severe lung disease?

A

ZZ (last)

42
Q

AF sx’s >48 hours but patient has asthma

A

verapamil or diltiazim

43
Q

If AF >48 hours, and decided to electrical cadiovert - how long to wait for anticoagulation to kick in before shocking?

A

3 weeks

44
Q

When is febrile neutropenia thought to be highest?

A

10 days into treatment

45
Q

MOA vinblastine

A

Binds to microtubular proteins

46
Q

MOA Cisplatin

A

causes DNA cross linking

47
Q

MOA dobutamine

A

Beta 1 receptor agonist

48
Q

Median nerve hand supply

A 
LOAF:
Lateral two lumbricals
Opponens
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis
49
Q

MoA ondansetron?

A

5ht3 antagonist

50
Q

What anti-emetic used for people with parkinson’s?

A

ondansetron
cyclizine
domperidone

don’t use: metoclopramide or prochlorperazine

51
Q

If someone is allergic to latex what fruits might they allergic to?

A

Banana
Avocado
Chestnut
Kiwi

52
Q

What gene is mutated in MODY?

A

HNF1 BETA

53
Q

Treatment of threadworms?

A

Mebendazole (2 doses - one 2 weeks following initital dose)

54
Q

What is the ketone/ketoacid formed in diabetic ketoacidosis?

A

Beta-hydroxybutyrate

55
Q

What type of acid base imbalance does salicylate poisoning (e.g. with aspirin) cause?

A

Resp alkalosis

+ also metabolic acidosis

56
Q

In bronchiectasis, what do you find on HRCT?

A

Tree in bud appearance

57
Q

Reactive arthritis treatment?

A

NSAIDs

58
Q

In neonatal complete heart block caused by SLE, what antibodies cause this?

A

Anti Ro + La

59
Q

Major mutation in marfan’s?

A

FBN1 gene

60
Q

Cause and treatment of cat scratch disease?

A

Cause: Bartonella Henselae

Treatment: if immunocompetent - paracetamol + ibuprofen

61
Q

How many people lie between 2 standard deviations (-2 - +2)

A

95%

62
Q

Isoniazid MoA

A

Inhibits fatty acid synthase

63
Q

Gitelman’s syndrome nephron region?

A

Distal convoluted tubule

Usually presents early adulthood

64
Q

Bartter’s syndrome nephron region?

A

Loop of henle

Usually presents early childhood

65
Q

Where is actin found in cardiac muscle cell?

A

As a component of the thin filaments

66
Q

What cancer is nigricans acanthosis associated with?

A

Gastric cancer

67
Q

First and second line for acute gout

A

NSAID

Colchicine

68
Q

Treatment of acute flare of pseudogout

A

Colchicine (like gout)

69
Q

What monoclonal can be used in allergic asthma?

A

Omalizumab

anti-IgE

70
Q

Cause of kaposi’s

A

HHV 8

71
Q

What TB drug causes gout?

A

Pyrazinamide

72
Q

Which life cycle stage occurs in P vivax but not P falciparum?

A

Hypnozoites / dormant liver stage

73
Q

Liver

A 
INR >2 or PT >14
Renal impairment
Systolic BP <80
Hypoglycaemia
Metabolic acidosis
74
Q

Treatment of pseudomonas in CF?

A

Inhaled tobramycin

75
Q

If someone is allergic to raw apples, what are they also likely to be allergic to?

A

birch pollen

76
Q

What is the treatment of suspected fungal in cancer patients?

A

Amphotericin B

77
Q

What is considered a good prognosis in IE?

A

Streptococcus viridans (NOT staph epidermidis)

78
Q

What alpha 1 anti trypsin deficiency is associated with severe lung diaease?

A

ZZ

79
Q

Which interleukin does ciclosporin AND tacrolimus reduce?

A

IL 2

80
Q

What is the reason for vaccination failure in coeliac disease patients?

A

HLA type

81
Q

ANCA in polyarteritis nodosum

A

p-ANCA

82
Q

What antihypetensives should you avoid in myaesthenia gravis?

A

Beta blockers and CCBs

83
Q

Treatment of cat scratch disease (if immunocompetent)

A

Reassurance !!! + NSAIDs

84
Q

When should you use sodium bicarbonate in metabolic acidosis (e.g. in overdose)?

A

If there is QRS widening on ECG (>100)

85
Q

What does the retina look like in CRAO?

A

Pale retina with cherry red spot in macula

86
Q

What does the retina look like in CRVO?

A

Dot/blot and flame haemorrhages

87
Q

What is the risk of bromocriptine/cabergoline (dopamine agonists)?

A

Pulmonary / cardiac fibrosis

88
Q

Diabetes insipidus osmolalities

A

serum osmolality >295

Urine osmolality (<700) - dilute

89
Q

NICE guidance: recommendation of test to confirm eradication of H pylori? (Common exam Q)

A

Urea breath test

stool antigen is for initial diagnosis

90
Q

MoA of donepezil

A

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor

91
Q

Causes of high anion gap metabolic acidosis

A

CAT MUDPILES

Carbon monoxide, Cyanide, CHF

Aminoglycosides
Teophylline, Toluene (Glue-sniffing)
Methanol
Uremia
Diabetic ketoacidosis, Alcoholic ketoacidosis, Starvation ketoacidosis
Paracetamol/Acetaminophen, Phenformin, Paraldehyde
Iron, Isoniazid, Inborn errors of metabolism
Lactic acidosis
Ethanol (due to lactic acidosis), Ethylene glycol
Salicylates/ASA/Aspirin

92
Q

Treatment of methalaenoglobinaemia?

A

Methylene blue

MRCP Part 1 (19 decks)

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