Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MRCP Part 1 > Clinical pharmacology > Flashcards

Clinical pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Give examples of macrolides

A

Erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the MOA of macrolides?

A

Reversible inhibition of 50S subunit ribosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Give example of tetracycline

A

Doxycycline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

MOA of tetracyclines + aminoglycosides

A

Inhibit 30S subunit of ribosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Aminoglycoside examples

A

Gentamycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How are aminoglycosides nephrotoxic?

A

Cause acute tubular necrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Examples of quinolones

A

Ciprofloxacin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

SEs of quinolones

A

Lowers seizure tershold

tendon damage + rupture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What group of patients must you avoid quinolones in and why?

A

G6PD deficiency –> haemolytic reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

P450 inhibitors

A 
allopurinol
amiodarone
ketoconazole
sodium valproate
omeprazole
fluoxetine
ciprofloxacin
acute alcohol intake
isoniazid
erythromycin
cimetidine
ritonavir
fluconazole
sertraline
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

P450 inducer

A 
carbamazepine
smoking
chronic alcohol intake
phenytoin
phenobarbitone
rifampicin
St John's Wort
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Drugs safe in breastfeeding

A

antibiotics: penicillins, cephalosporins, trimethoprim
endocrine: glucocorticoids (avoid high doses), levothyroxine*
epilepsy: sodium valproate, carbamazepine
asthma: salbutamol, theophyllines

psychiatric drugs: tricyclic antidepressants, antipsychotics** (clozapine avoid)

hypertension: beta-blockers, hydralazine
anticoagulants: warfarin, heparin

digoxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Drugs to avoid in breast feeding

A

antibiotics: ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, sulphonamides

psychiatric drugs: lithium, benzodiazepines

aspirin
carbimazole
methotrexate
sulfonylureas
cytotoxic drugs
amiodarone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Drugs causing pancreatitis

A

Steroids
Thiazides
Sodium valproate
Azathioprine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Amiodarone adverse effects

A

Hypo/hyperthyroid (as contains iodine)
Liver toxicity
Lung fibrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What to monitor with amiodarone therapy?

A

LFTs

TFTs

17
Q

What precipitates digoxin toxicity?

A

HYPOKALEMIA

Drugs (verapamil, amiodarone, diltiazem, drugs that cause hypokalaemia), hypothermia, hypothyroid

18
Q

MoA sildenafil

2 contraindications for sildenafil

A

Phosphodiesterase Type 5 inhibitor (cause vasodilation through an increase in cGMP leading to smooth muscle relaxation in blood vessels)

CI’s: Nitrates + nicorandil

19
Q

Drug causes of gingival hyperplasia

give some other causes

A

phenytoin
ciclosporin
calcium channel blockers (especially nifedipine)

AML

20
Q

MOA Flecainide

A

Sodium channel blocker

Class 1c

widening of the QRS complex and prolongation of the PR interval

21
Q

What is phase I of drug metabolism?

A

Oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis

22
Q

What is phase 2 of drug metabolism?

A

Conjugation

23
Q

Examples of drugs that exhibit zero order kinetics?

A

Aspirin

Salicylates

24
Q

Dobutamine MoA

A

Beta 1 agonist

25
Q

What is a common side effect of verapamil?

A

Constipation

26
Q

What cancers does COCP increase and decrease risk of?

A

Increase: cervical + breast

Decrease: endometrial + breast

27
Q

Examples of quinolones+MOA

A

Ciprofloxacin + levofloxacin

Inhibit DNA synthesis

28
Q

What antiepileptic can cause agranulocytosis?

A

Carbemazapine

29
Q

What drugs can cause serotonin syndrome?

A

SSRIs and TRAMADOL!!!!1

30
Q

EXAM Q: How does digoxin work?

A

Inhibition of Na-K-ATPase pump

Causes intracellular sodium accumulation

31
Q

Exam Q: tirofiban mechaniam of action

A

Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists

EAT: Eptifibatide, Tirofiban and Abciximab

32
Q

Drug

A

OMEPRAZOLE
hepB vaccine
isotretinoin

MRCP Part 1 (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions