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MRCP Part 1 > Infectious diseases > Flashcards

Infectious diseases Flashcards

1
Q

First line treatment in syphilis

What is a complication following initiating treatment

A

IM benzathine penicillin

Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction following first dose (fever, rash, tachcyardia)

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2
Q

First line chlamydia treatment?

What if patient is pregnant

A

Doxycycline

If pregnant: azithromycin

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3
Q

First line treatment campylobater enteritis

A

clarithromycin

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4
Q

Treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria

A

Oral artemisinin based combination therapies

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5
Q

A 20-year-old man presents in summer with gradually worsening flu-like symptoms and a dry cough. On examination he is noted to have erythema multiforme - mycoplasma pneumonia. Whats the likely pathogen?

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

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6
Q

what virus has a high mortality rate in women?

A

Hepatitis E virus

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7
Q

First line for salmonella (non typhoid)?

A

Ciprofloxacin

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8
Q

What vascular problem is assoc with hepatitis B?

A

polyarteritis nodusum (vasculitis)

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9
Q

Complications of Mycoplasma pneumoniae

A 
cold agglutins (IgM): may cause an haemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopenia
Erythema multiforme
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10
Q

chance of transmission in needle stick injury hep B, C and HIV?

A

Hep B 30%
Hep C 3% (2%)
HIV 0.3%

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11
Q

What is the initial Mx for meningitis in <3 month olds and 50yo+?

A

IV cef + ampicillin/amox

addition of ampicillin due to this patient group being higher risk of Listeria

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12
Q

What antibiotic for legionella pneumonia?

A

Clarithromycin

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13
Q

Diagnosis of legionella vs mycobacterium pneumoniae

A

legionella: urinary antigen

Mycobacterium: serology

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14
Q

In HIV brain lesions: What is the most effective method to help differentiate between lymphoma and toxoplasmosis?

A

Thallium SPECT

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15
Q

What defines severe falciparum malaria?

A 
High parasitaemia (>2%)
Hypoglycaemia
Severe anaemia
Renal failure
Pulmonary oedema
Metabolic acidosis
Abnormal bleeding
Multiple convulsions
Seizures
Shock
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16
Q

What is the treatment for severe falciparum malaria?

A

IV artesunate

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17
Q

What is the treatment for non-severe falciparum malaria?

A

oral artesunate combination therapy (ACT)

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18
Q

What is the treatment of non-falciparum malaria?

A

oral ACT (artesunate combination therapy)

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19
Q

why is chloroquine used with caution in treating malaria?

A

High rates of resistance in some areas of the world

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20
Q

Treatment of anthrax

A

Ciprofloxacin

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21
Q

What skin lesion is associated with lyme’s disease?

What about any ECG changes?

A

Erythema migrans

ECG: Heart block (prolonged PR interval)

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22
Q

What is Jarish Herxherimer reaction?

A

Phenomena: Fever, rash, tachycardia after first dose of antibiotic in Lyme’s disease (don’t confuse with allergic reaction - no wheeze or SOB)

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23
Q

What occurs if you treat someone with infectious mononucelosis with amoxicillin?

A

widespread erythematous rash

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24
Q

Retro-orbital headache, fever, facial flushing, rash, thrombocytopenia in returning traveller - what could this be?

A

Possibly dengue fever

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25
post exposure prophylaxis for VZV if not immunised?
First check if IgG - if not then treat (if pregnant or immunosuppressed)
26
Treatment of Lyme's disease?
Doxycycline Of pregnant/allergic: amoxicillin
27
Live vaccines
``` BCG MMR oral polio yellow fever oral typhoid ```
28
Treatment of schistosomiasis
praziquantel
29
What is the acute presentation of schistosomiasis?
Swimmer's itch Katayama fever: fever, urticaria, arthralgia, myalgia, cough, diarrhoea, hepatosplenomegaly CXR - pulmonary infiltrates With eosinophilia on blood
30
Treatment for cryptosporidium?
Nitazoxanide
31
Commonest causes of viral meningitis in adults?
coxsackie virus/enteroviruses
32
Strongyloides treatment
Ivermectin
33
Treatment of PCP pneumonia
Co-trimoxazole Severe: IV pentamidine steroids if hypoxic
34
Treatment of schistosomiasis?
praziquental
35
Two types of leprosy and how to distinguish? + bacteria
Mycobacterium leprae 1. Lepromatous leprosy (extensive skin involvement + symmetrical nerve involvement) 2. Tuberculoid leprosy (limited skin involvement + asymmetrical nerve involvement)
36
Treatment of toxoplasmosis in immunocompetent patients
No treatment / supportive
37
Treatment of toxoplasmosis in immunocompromised patients
pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine and folinic acid
38
Complications of PID
fitz Hugh curtis infertility chronic pelvic pain ectopic pregnancy
39
Treatment of PID
po ofloxacin + po metronidazole or IM ceftriaxone + po doxycycline + po metronidazole
40
Cat scratch disease - causative organism
Bartonella Henselae
41
Human bite organisms
``` Streptococci spp. Staphylococcus aureus Eikenella Fusobacterium Prevotella ```
42
Animal bite organisms
Pasteurella multocida
43
HIV, neuro symptoms, widespread demyelination on MRI
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
44
What is seen macroscopically in CSF fluid of TB meningitis?
Fibrin web
45
MOA aciclovir
Inhibits DNA polymerase
46
Triad of disseminated gonococcal infection
tenosynovitis, migratory polyarthritis, dermatitis
47
commonest cause of infection in platelet transfusion
Staph epidermidis
48
What is the gold standard Ix for determining if someone is infectious with TB?
Multiple sputum smear + cultures (as other tests will be positive in latent disease)
49
What is quantiferon gamma test specific to?
mycobacteria infections!!!!!
50
Treatment for legionairres
Fluoroquinolones e.g. levofloxacin OR macrolides e.g. clarithromycin or azithromycin
51
What test remains positive after syphilis treatment?
TPHA
52
What tests are negative after syphylis treatment?
RPR + VDRL
53
HIV Cryptosporidias treatment?
Nitazoxanide
54
What is blackwater fever?
Fatal but rare complication malaria large intravascular haemolysis --> haemoglobinuria, anaemia, jaundice, AKI, fever urine classically black
55
Complication of peritonsillar abscess?
Lemierre's syndrome (thrombophlebitis of IJV) --> risk of septic PE
56
Cat scratch disease organism
bartonella henselae
57
Culture negative IE --> what organism?
Coxiella burnetti
58
Treatement HBV?
Pegylated IFN alpha Antivirals: tenofovir, entecavir and telbivudine
59
IE organism associated with colorectal cancer?
Strep bovis (more specifically strep gallolyticus)
60
treatment of toxoplasmosis HIV +ve
PYRIMETHAMINE + sulfadiazine + folinic acid

MRCP Part 1 (19 decks)

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