Questions

Question 1

What bone is formed by intramembranous ossification?

Answer 1

Scapula

Question 2

What histological technique is used to identify the presence of absence of a tumor from a routine biopsy?

Answer 2

Haematoxylin and eosin

Question 3

Which cell in the liver is responsible for the storage of vitamin A?

Answer 3

Ito cell

Question 4

How long does bone remodelling after a fracture take in a child?

Answer 4

up to 1 year

Question 5

How long does bone remodelling in adults take aftera fracture?

Answer 5

up to 5 years

Question 6

What structure is responsible for successive layers of cells in the epidermis remaining in close contact?

Answer 6

Desmosomes

Question 7

What process in collagen synthesis does vitamin C specifically increase?

Answer 7

intracellular production of procollagen

Question 8

In the developing fetal occipital bone, where can osteoprogenitor cells be found?

Answer 8

As part of thhe periosteum

Question 9

What type of gradules are presentin the stratum granulosum?

Answer 9

Keratohyaline granules?

Question 10

What molecule is routinely used to assay for ischaemic cardiac damage?

Answer 10

Troponin

Question 11

What is ischaemia cardiac damage?

Answer 11

The term given to heart problems caused by the narrowing of heart arteries

Question 12

What type of imaging is used if you drink barium sulfate?

Answer 12

X- rays and Computerised Tomography (CT) scans

Question 13

Why is there an increased production of ATP during contraction?

Answer 13

Due to the Ca2+ influx

Question 14

What could cause an aneurysm at the suprarenal and infrarenal aortic junction?

Answer 14

too little turnica media

Question 15

Which major cellular function do microtubules contribute to in motor neuronsthat requires intermediate filaments and neurofilaments?

Answer 15

Movement of organelles

Question 16

Which metabolic activity is controlled by brown adipose tissue?

Answer 16

oxidation of fatty acids for thermoregulation

Question 17

What is the relationship between the size of the diameter of of a capillary and an erythrocyte?

Answer 17

They are roughly the same

Question 18

Where does inflammation occur in Crohn’s disease?

Answer 18

In and around the Payer’s Patch within the ileum

Question 19

Where is most yellow bone marrow in the femur of a young adult found?

Answer 19

In the medullary region

Question 20

The sacrum is an example of what type of bone?

Answer 20

Irregular

Question 21

Which type of fibre in adrenergic neurons normally carries vesicles to the nerve terminal?

Answer 21

Microtubules

Question 22

What type of epithelial cells are present in the respiratory tract?

Answer 22

Simple squamous epithelial, bearing tpye 1 pneumocytes

Question 23

Which cells contract to aid the secretary portion of his eccrine sweat glands?

Answer 23

Myoepithelial cells

Question 24

Where does all lymph from the left side of your body and below the umbilicus on the right side drain to?

Answer 24

The junction between the left subclavian vein and the left internal jugular vein

Question 25

What does it mean if the body is in a state of rigor mortis?

Answer 25

It is the stiffening of the bodies limbs caused by chemicla changes in the muscles postmortem

Question 26

What places the muscles in a state of postmortem?

Answer 26

The absence of ATP preventing the detachment of myosin heads from actin

Question 27

Sulphated glucoaminoglycans (GAGs) are important components of which extracellular structure?

Answer 27

proteoglycans

Question 28

What is calor?

Answer 28

heat

Question 29

What is rubor?

Answer 29

redness

Question 30

What is tumor?

Answer 30

swelling

Question 31

What is dolor?

Answer 31

pain

Question 32

What are the 4 classic signs of inflammation?

Answer 32

dolor, calor, tumor, rubor

Question 33

During exercise what type of fat bearing tissue provides the necessary energy?

Answer 33

White adipose tissue

Question 34

Below what temperature is hypothermia diagnosed?

Answer 34

below 35

Question 35

What happens to skeletal muscle cells in rhabdomyolysis?

Answer 35

They release their ctoplasmic contents into the blood causing an increase in the concentrations of creatin kinase, potassium and lactic acid (LA causes pH decrease)

Question 36

Which nerve cell forms the basis of the reflex arc?

Answer 36

interneurons

Question 37

How does mature articular cartilage differ from other forms of hyaline cartilage?

Answer 37

It lacks a perichondrium

Question 38

What is the primary function of lysosomes?

Answer 38

Recycling and storage of lipids and carbohydrates

Question 39

WHat is an endpoint clinical complication of hypothermia?

Answer 39

cardiac arrest

Question 40

What is and end point clinical complication of hyperthermia?

Answer 40

Coma Seizures Confusion

Question 41

What histological technique is used to identify glycogen?

Answer 41

Periodic-schiff reagent

Question 42

What macromolecule is lost in the paraffin embedding procedure?

Answer 42

Lipids

Question 43

What are the 5 steps for preparing a routine H&E study?

Answer 43

1) Fixation 2) Embedding 3) Clearing 4) Staining 5) Dehydration

Question 44

Which structure in the lateral surface of epithelial cells within the GI tract transiently open to allow paracellular transport of amino acids and electrolytes across the barrier created by the epithelial cells?

Answer 44

tight junctions

Question 45

What ion is required for adjacent epithelial cells to bind to each other?

Answer 45

Ca2+

Question 46

Which two cells are essential for a perfectly normal and functional mucociliary escalator?

Answer 46

Goblet cells and cilliated cells