4) Epithelial Cells & Surface Specialisations Flashcards
What is the structure of a mucosal membrane?
Epithelium lining the lumen of a tube
Lamina propria
Muscularis mucosa
What is the function of simple squamous epithelia?
fast material exchange
Barrier to fluids
What are simple cuboidal epithelia?
Single layer of epithelail cells whose length and width are similar
Where are simple cuboidal epithelia located?
Thyroid
Pancreatic duct
Collecting ducts of the kidney
What are the functions of simple cuboidal cells?
Secretion and absorption
Barrier
Hormone synthesis, storage and mobilisation
Describe the structure of simple columnar cells
Height is significantly bigger than its width
Nucleus near basal laminar
Where are simple columnar cells located?
GI tract
What are the main functions of simple columnar epithelia?
Absorption
Secretion
Lubrication
What are pseudostratified epithelia?
All cells make contact with the basement membrane and the epithelial cell surface
Nuclei at different levels
Where are pseudostratified epithelia located?
Line of the nasal cavity, trachea and bronchi
What is the function of pseudostratified epithelia?
Absorption and conduit
Mucus secretion
Partical trapping anf removal
Where are non-keratinised stratified squamous epithelial cells located?
anywhere where there is an opening to the outside world
What is the role of non-keratinised stratified squamous epithelia?
Portection from abraision
Reduced water loss but remains moist
How does psoriasis occur?
the transit time between the basal layer and stratum corneum is 2-4 days, so there is no time for the stratum corneum to mature, so silvery scaley skin
What is the function of melanocytes?
To produce melanin
amount of melanin put into epidermal layer dtermines skin tone
What is the function of langerhans cells?
To act like antigen presenting cells
Where are stratified squamous epithelial cells found?
Surface of the skin
What is the function of stratified squamous keratinised epithelium?
Protect against abraisons
prevent water loss
shield against UV light damage
Where are transitional epithelial cells found?
Urinary tract
What is acute bronchitis?
Cough and mucus production, breathlessness
Less than 3 months
What is chronic bronchitis?
Chronic inflammation of the bronchi and bronchioles, causing a cough and mucus productions for 2 or more episodes lasting more than 3 months within 2 years
