Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Body Logistics > 13) Bone, bone marrow, vessels and blood > Flashcards

13) Bone, bone marrow, vessels and blood Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 classifications of bone?

A 
Long
Short
Flat
Irregular
Sesamoid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe the structure of long bones

A

Longer than they are wide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Give an example of a long bone

A

femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the function of long bones?

A

Movement

Support body weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe the structure of short bones

A

As long as they are wide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Give an example of 2 short bones

A

Wrist - carpals

Ankle - tarsals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the function of short bones?

A

Stability

Movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe the structure of flat bones

A

Flattened bones with parallel opposite edges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Guve an example of flat bones

A

Skull - occipital
Thoracic cage - sternum, ribs
Pelvis - ilium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the function of flat bones?

A

Protect internal organs

Provide a large surface area for muscle attachment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe the structure of irregular bones

A

vary in shape and structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Give examples of irregular bones

A

Sacrum

Vertabrae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the function of irregular bones?

A

Protect internal organs

Provide important anchor points for muscle groups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe the structure of sesamoid bones?

A

Small, round bones embedded in the tendons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Give an example of a sesamoid bone

A

Patella in the knee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the function of sesamoid bones?

A

To protect the tendons from stress and damage from repeated wear and tear

17
Q

What 2 types of bone are found in the head of the femur?

A

Cancellous (spongy) bone

Compact (cortical) bone

18
Q

What is the central region of the femur called?

A

Medullary region

19
Q

What are the 2 types of bone marrow?

A

Red

Yellow

20
Q

Where is red bone marrow found?

A

Spongy bone only

21
Q

Give 2 characteristics of red bone marrow

A

full of developing red blood cells

rich blood supply

22
Q

What is the function of red bone marrow?

A

to replenish cells in the blood

23
Q

Give 2 features of yellow bone marrow

A

Made of adipocytes

Poor blood supply

24
Q

What is the function of yellow bone marrow?

A

Shock absorber and energy source

Can convert into red bone marrow

25
Q

Describe the structure of cancellous bone

A

Contains trabeculum made of ostecytes. Trabeculum surrounded by red bone marrow

26
Q

What controls the flow in capillaries?

A

Precapillary Sphincters

27
Q

Define a vein

A

and elastic blood vessel that transports blood from the body to the heart

28
Q

Describe the structure of veins

A

3 layers:
Tunica intima - endothelial
Tunica media - elastic fibres and smooth muscle
Tunica externa - elastic fibrous capsules

29
Q

Define pulmonary vein

A

carries oxygenated blood from lungs to left atrium

30
Q

Define the systemic vein

A

carries oxygen depleted blood from the body to the right atrium

31
Q

Describe the superficial vein

A

located close to the surface of the skin and not near a corresponding artery

32
Q

Define deep veins

A

located deep between tissues near a corresponding artery

33
Q

Define arteris

A

elastic blood vessels that carry blood AWAY from the heart

34
Q

What are collateral blood vessels?

A

Arterioles that grow around a blockage to protect tissues from compromise

35
Q

How do new blood vessels form?

A

Angiogenesis - formation of new blood vessels from existing blood vessels
Vasculogenesis - formation of new blood vessels

36
Q

How does vasculogenesis occur?

A

Mesenchymal cells are stimulated by growth factors to cluster together, forming angiogenetic cells. These form RBCs and new blood vessels.

37
Q

How does angiogenesis occur?

A

Branching of an existing blood vessel due to growth factors

Body Logistics (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions