QCM RPC

Question 1

____?____ is a forecast about the probable course of an illness :
Veuillez choisir une réponse :
a. Prognosis
b. Deviance
c. Maladaptive behavior
d. Diagnosis

Answer 1

a. Prognosis

Question 2

According to Carol Dweck, statements like ““Good girl”, or “You’re so clever”, could be characterized as ___?___
Veuillez choisir une réponse :
a. Person-directed praise
b. Negative feedbacks
c. Backlash
d. Process-directed praise

Answer 2

a. Person-directed praise

Question 3

Lepper’s study documented an important role of intrinsic motivation ; which one is it ?
Veuillez choisir une réponse :
a. All of these statements are false
b. Students who pursue mastery goals display negative engagement in the task
c. Whatever goals were used (mastery or performance), the students were always bored
d. All of these statements are correct
e. Students who pursue performance goals display positive engagement in the task

Answer 3

a. All of these statements are false

Question 4

Which of the following is the important general finding in the research by Lepper et al. (1973) on the effects of reward ?
Veuillez choisir une réponse :
a. Monetary reward is not effective
b. Reward can undermine initial interest in a behavior
c. Reward can motivate students to do better
d. The effects of reward only last a short period of time

Answer 4

b. Reward can undermine initial interest in a behavior

Question 5

Adversity is any situation which threatens children’s well-being. Ways in which children cope with or even respond positively to adversity, refer to ____?____. This phenomenon is due to a variety of factors including personality traits, sense of humor, supportive social environment, etc. which are known as ____?____
Veuillez choisir une réponse :
a. injury / projective factors
b. resilience / protective factors
c. positive spirit / prescriptive factors
d. aggression / predominant factors

Answer 5

b. resilience / protective factors

Question 6

What percentage of US people asked by Dweck thought that praising children’s “self” or abilities was the most important cue in education ?
Veuillez choisir une réponse :
a. 65%
b. 25%
c. 45%
d. 85%

Answer 6

d. 85%

Question 7

Some people believe that intelligence and ability can change over time with experience. Dweck calls this ___?___. The goal of such people is not to prove their competence, but increase it, a strategy which refers to ____?____
Veuillez choisir une réponse :
a. incremental theory ; mastery-oriented goals
b. personal construct theory ; anxiety
c. entity theory ; performance-oriented goals
d. a central trait ; personal attributes

Answer 7

a. incremental theory ; mastery-oriented goals

Question 8

Carol Dweck defines the cognitive view individuals develop for themselves (e.g. intelligence) as :
Veuillez choisir une réponse :
a. Mindset
b. Self-efficacy
c. Metacognition
d. Mind map

Answer 8

a. Mindset

Question 9

For ethical reasons, Dweck and colleagues could not address the children with negative feedbacks. Which of the following principle of the BPA’s ethical guidelines is especially involved in this case ?
Veuillez choisir une réponse :
a. No physical harm, deception or psychological stress
b. Right to confidentiality and privacy
c. Informed consent
d. Right to withdraw from the study
e. Voluntary participation

Answer 9

a. No physical harm, deception or psychological stress

Question 10

Your audio text reports an experiment by Lepper et al. (1973) on the effects of reward. In the study, children were randomly assigned to one of three experimental groups: an expected reward condition, an unexpected reward condition, or a no reward condition. The children in the ______?______ condition were more likely to lose their initial interest in the task.
Veuillez choisir une réponse :
a. expected reward and no reward conditions
b. unexpected reward
c. expected reward
d. no reward

Answer 10

c. expected reward

Question 11

According to Thorndike mentioned in the text, responses followed by a satisfying effect are strengthened and likely to occur again in a particular situation, but responses followed by a dissatisfying effect are weakened and less likely to occur again in a particular situation.” What principle does this statement describe ?
Veuillez choisir une réponse :
a. the law of effect
b. the modeling effect
c. learned helplessness
d. extinction effect

Answer 11

a. the law of effect

Question 12

Clinton has a hard time consistently doing his homework. To help him out, his school teacher suggested that for every fifteen minutes Clint works on homework, his parents and teachers give a “plastic chip,” which he could then exchange for things he likes, such as ice cream, extra recess time, or television privileges. This rewarding strategy also used in therapy is called :
Veuillez choisir une réponse :
a. contracting
b. token economy
c. cognitive restructuring
d. modeling

Answer 12

b. token economy

Question 13

Some people believe that personal qualities such as intelligence and ability are fixed and unchangeable; This belief makes such people anxious to prove that they are intelligent and able, and thus drives them to have performance goals. This definition refers to :
Veuillez choisir une réponse :
a. learning theory
b. entity theory
c. incremental theory
d. implicit theory

Answer 13

b. entity theory

Question 14

Lepper did not know if “magic markers” would interest the children. What methodological precaution did he take to verify it ?
Veuillez choisir une réponse :
a. He directly asked the children what they thought about “magic markers”
b. He trained children peers to be his accomplices in the experiment
c. He began with an observation phase where the markers were put out on a table at the preschool
d. He trained the children using “magic markers” many times before the experiment started

Answer 14

c. He began with an observation phase where the markers were put out on a table at the preschool

Question 15

Researchers interested in studying helping behavior have used accomplices to “fake” accidents on subway trains, in front of movie theaters, and on highways to see how people would react. Often the people help the apparent “victim.” These interventions in the real world illustrate a methodology also used by Lepper and his colleagues :
Veuillez choisir une réponse :
a. naturalistic observation
b. field experiment
c. Case study
d. double-blind experiment

Answer 15

b. field experiment

Question 16

Which of the following statements is correct according to Dweck’s study on preschool children’s reaction to negative feedback :
Veuillez choisir une réponse :
a. Children could not identified with the puppets: the role-playing did not work in this study
b. Puppets who had been given process-directed criticism were more likely to be described by the children as feeling helplessness
c. Puppets who had been given person-directed criticism were more likely to be described by the children as feeling helplessness
d. Criticism works best when children feel that their self-esteem is being questioned

Answer 16

c. Puppets who had been given person-directed criticism were more likely to be described by the children as feeling helplessness

Question 17

The discipline of psychology that considers the whole life span in its entirety (birth to death) is termed :
Veuillez choisir une réponse :
a. Clinical psychology
b. Social psychology
c. Personality psychology
d. Developmental psychology (now termed lifespan development)

Answer 17

d. Developmental psychology (now termed lifespan development)

Question 18

Which of the following terms refers to self-evaluations in the different domains of an individual’s life ?
Veuillez choisir une réponse :
a. Self-awareness
b. Self-concept
c. Self-control
d. Self-esteem

Answer 18

b. Self-concept

Question 19

According to the strongest formulations of the behaviorist stance, what would be expected after a reward is promised to a child ?
Veuillez choisir une réponse :
a. All of these statements are false
b. We would expect that the more negative consequences follow from a given behavior, the more likely the organism is to repeat this behavior under similar circumstances
c. All of these statements are correct
d. We would expect that the less positive consequences follow from a given behavior, the more likely the organism is to repeat this behavior under similar circumstances
e. We would expect that the more positive consequences follow from a given behavior, the more likely the organism is to repeat this behavior under similar circumstances

Answer 19

e. We would expect that the more positive consequences follow from a given behavior, the more likely the organism is to repeat this behavior under similar circumstances

Question 20

Which among the following processes is not a process described by Carol Dweck ?
Veuillez choisir une réponse :
a. Person-directed praise
b. Product-directed praise
c. Self-directed praise
d. Process-directed praise

Answer 20

c. Self-directed praise