Q2: Data Presentation & Interpretation Flashcards
it is one of the most essential part of your research study that can win the hearts of all the readers.
Data Presentation and Analysis
it is the process wherein the collectedd data are checked.
editing
its main purposee is for checking the consistency, accuracy, organization and clariity of the data collected.
editing
can be done manually or with assisstance of a computer or combination of both
editing
Process wherein the collected data are categorized and organized.
coding
process of arranging data.
tabulation
after editing, coding and tabulating, graphical or visual way of presentation
Non-prose Mateirals
It helps summarize data using the columns and rows.
Tables
It contains heading that indicate the most important information about your study
tables
Focuses on how a change in one variable relates to another. Uses bars, lines, circles and pictures representing the data.
Graphs
Type of Graph that illlustrates trends and changes in data over time
Line Graph
Type of Grpah the illustrates comparissons of amounts and quantities.
Bar Graph
Type of graph that displays the relationship of parts as a whole
Pie Graph
6 statistical techniques
1.Percentage
2. Mean
3. Standard Dev
4. Correlation Analysis (Pearsons’s R)
5. Regression Analysis
6. Hypothesis Testing
it is any proportion from the whole
Percentage
Formula for Percentage
(%)=(part/whole)x100
Middlemost value of your list of values and thtis can be obtained byadding all the values and divide the obtained sun to the nu,ber of values
Mean or average
formula for mean
(x)=(sum of all values)/(number of values)
This shows the spread of data around the mean
Standrd Dev
It is a statistical method used to estimate the strength of relationship between two quantitative variables.
Correlation Analysis (Pearson’s R)
Used to explain the relationship between dependetn and independent variables
regression analysis
3 major uses of regression analysis
- causal analysis
- forecasting an effect
- linear trend forecasting
shows you the possible causation of changes in Y by changes in x
Causal Analysis
allows your to estimate and predict the calue of y given the value of x
forecasting an effect
helps you trace the line best fit to line series
line trend forecasting
helps you determine some quantity under a given assumption. the outsomce tells you whether the assumptions holds or it is violated
hypothesis testing
the test value falls in the critical region on one side of the mean, the null id rejected
one-tailed test (elft or right tailed)
nul shoud be rejected when the rest value falls in either of the two critical regions
twwo-tailed test
reject null when it is true
Type 1 error
do not reject the null when it is false
Type II Error
it is used to determine whether the obeserved tet stat s more extreme thana defind critical val
the critical val approach
involves determining the probability of observing a more extreme test stat in the directino of the alternative hypothesis than the one observed.
P-val approach
