Q1: Introduction To Quantitative Research

Question 1

Two main types of research

Answer 1

-Quantitative Research
- Qualitative Research

Question 2

It uses scientifically collected and statistically
analyzed data to investigate observable phenomena.

Answer 2

Quantitative Research

Question 3

Any existing or observable fact or situation that we want to unearth further or understand

Answer 3

Phenomenon

Question 4

What does quantitative research uses in designing and collecting data to make it scientific?

Answer 4

Scientific Methods

Question 5

Examples of statistical analysis

Answer 5

-Pearson’s r
- t-test
-Analysis of Variance
(ANOVA)

Question 6

These are used when data are not directly countable and thus require conversion from
non-numerical information into numerical information.

Answer 6

Rating Scales (e.g. Likert Scale)

Question 7

CHARACTERISTICS: It is use to obtain more meaningful statistical result

Answer 7

Large sample size

Question 8

CHARACTERISTICS: Data gathering and analysis of results are done accurately,
and are unaffected by the researcher’s intuition and
personal guesses.

Answer 8

Objectivity

Question 9

CHARACTERISTICS: Data is numerical which makes
presentation through graphs, charts, and tables possible and with
better conveyance and interpretation.

Answer 9

Concise Visual Representation

Question 10

CHARACTERISTICS: The use of a statistical tools gives way for a less
time- consuming data analysis.

Answer 10

Faster Data Analysis

Question 11

CHARACTERISTICS: Data taken from a sample can be applied to the
population if sampling is done accordingly, i.e., sufficient size and
random samples were taken.

Answer 11

Generelized Data

Question 12

CHARACTERISTICS: Quantitative research uses
standardized research instruments that allow the researcher to collect
data from a large sample size efficiently.

Answer 12

Fast and Easy Data Collection

Question 13

CHARACTERISTICS: Data is taken and analyzed objectively from a sample
as a representative of the population, making it more credible for policymaking and decision making.

Answer 13

Reliable Data

Question 14

CHARACTERISTICS: The Quantitative method can be repeated to verify
findings enhancing its validity, free from false or immature conclusions.

Answer 14

High Replicability

Question 15

Advantages of Quantitative Research

Answer 15

1. Very objective
2. Numerical and quantifiable data can be used to predict outcomes.
3. Findings are generalizable to the population.
4. There is conclusive establishment of cause and effect
5. Fast and easy data analysis using statistical software.
6. Fast and easy data gathering
7. Quantitative research can be replicated or repeated.
8. Validity and reliability can be established

Question 16

Disadvantages of Quantitative Research

Answer 16

1. It lacks the necessary data to explore a problem or concept in depth.
2. It does not provide comprehensive explanation of human experiences.
3. Some information cannot be described by numerical data such as
   feelings, and beliefs.
4. The research design is rigid and not very flexible.
5. The participants are limited to choose only from the given responses.
6. The respondents may tend to provide inaccurate responses.
7. A large sample size makes data collection more costly.

Question 17

KINDS: It is used to describe a particular phenomenon by observing
it as it occurs in nature.

Answer 17

Descriptive Design

Question 18

What are the characteristics of Descriptive Design?

Answer 18

-No experimental manipulation
-The researcher does not start with a hypothesis

Question 19

Goal of Descriptive Design

Answer 19

Only to describe the person or object of the study.

Question 20

KINDS: It identifies the relationship between variables.

Answer 20

Correlational Design

Question 21

How is data collected in correlational design?

Answer 21

Through observation

Question 22

KINDS: It is used to investigate a possible relationship between
previous events and present conditions.

Answer 22

Ex post facto design

Question 23

What does Ex post facto mean?

Answer 23

AFTER THE FACT

Question 24

KINDS: It is used to establish the cause-and-effect
relationship of variables.

Answer 24

Quasi experimental design

Question 25

Why is quasi experimental has a lesser validity than experimental design?

Answer 25

It is due to the absence of random
selection and assignment of subjects.

Question 26

KINDS: It is used to establish the
cause-and-effect relationship of two or more variables. This design
provides a more conclusive result because it uses random assignment of
subjects and experimental manipulations.

Answer 26

Experimental design