Q1: Introduction To Quantitative Research Flashcards
Two main types of research
-Quantitative Research
- Qualitative Research
It uses scientifically collected and statistically
analyzed data to investigate observable phenomena.
Quantitative Research
Any existing or observable fact or situation that we want to unearth further or understand
Phenomenon
What does quantitative research uses in designing and collecting data to make it scientific?
Scientific Methods
Examples of statistical analysis
-Pearson’s r
- t-test
-Analysis of Variance
(ANOVA)
These are used when data are not directly countable and thus require conversion from
non-numerical information into numerical information.
Rating Scales (e.g. Likert Scale)
CHARACTERISTICS: It is use to obtain more meaningful statistical result
Large sample size
CHARACTERISTICS: Data gathering and analysis of results are done accurately,
and are unaffected by the researcher’s intuition and
personal guesses.
Objectivity
CHARACTERISTICS: Data is numerical which makes
presentation through graphs, charts, and tables possible and with
better conveyance and interpretation.
Concise Visual Representation
CHARACTERISTICS: The use of a statistical tools gives way for a less
time- consuming data analysis.
Faster Data Analysis
CHARACTERISTICS: Data taken from a sample can be applied to the
population if sampling is done accordingly, i.e., sufficient size and
random samples were taken.
Generelized Data
CHARACTERISTICS: Quantitative research uses
standardized research instruments that allow the researcher to collect
data from a large sample size efficiently.
Fast and Easy Data Collection
CHARACTERISTICS: Data is taken and analyzed objectively from a sample
as a representative of the population, making it more credible for policymaking and decision making.
Reliable Data
CHARACTERISTICS: The Quantitative method can be repeated to verify
findings enhancing its validity, free from false or immature conclusions.
High Replicability
Advantages of Quantitative Research
- Very objective
- Numerical and quantifiable data can be used to predict outcomes.
- Findings are generalizable to the population.
- There is conclusive establishment of cause and effect
- Fast and easy data analysis using statistical software.
- Fast and easy data gathering
- Quantitative research can be replicated or repeated.
- Validity and reliability can be established
Disadvantages of Quantitative Research
- It lacks the necessary data to explore a problem or concept in depth.
- It does not provide comprehensive explanation of human experiences.
- Some information cannot be described by numerical data such as
feelings, and beliefs. - The research design is rigid and not very flexible.
- The participants are limited to choose only from the given responses.
- The respondents may tend to provide inaccurate responses.
- A large sample size makes data collection more costly.
KINDS: It is used to describe a particular phenomenon by observing
it as it occurs in nature.
Descriptive Design
What are the characteristics of Descriptive Design?
-No experimental manipulation
-The researcher does not start with a hypothesis
Goal of Descriptive Design
Only to describe the person or object of the study.
KINDS: It identifies the relationship between variables.
Correlational Design
How is data collected in correlational design?
Through observation
KINDS: It is used to investigate a possible relationship between
previous events and present conditions.
Ex post facto design
What does Ex post facto mean?
AFTER THE FACT
KINDS: It is used to establish the cause-and-effect
relationship of variables.
Quasi experimental design
Why is quasi experimental has a lesser validity than experimental design?
It is due to the absence of random
selection and assignment of subjects.
KINDS: It is used to establish the
cause-and-effect relationship of two or more variables. This design
provides a more conclusive result because it uses random assignment of
subjects and experimental manipulations.
Experimental design
