Pyrethrins/Pyrethroids/DEET Flashcards
From where does the main ingredient in pyrethrins come from?
extract from the flower used as a home insecticide, on farm animals, and as flea and tick control in companion animals
What are pyrethroids?
Synthetic analogs of pyrethrins
What are synergized pyrethrums?
pyrethroids commonly formulated with a synthetic non-pesticide chemical. a synergistic effect that increases the efficacy
What small animals are more sensitive to pyrethrins and pyrethroids?
Cats are more sensitive than dogs (canine topical products range from 0.054-65% permethrin)
T/F: Permethrin toxicity is one of the most common causes of poisoning in cats worldwide
TRUE
What will slow down the metabolism of pyrethrins in cats?
They are deficient in glucuronidase transferase
How are pyrethrins metabolized?
CYPs- cause oxidation
non-specific carboxyl esterase- casuse hydrolysis
through hydrolysis and oxidation primarily in the blood and liver. Excreted in the urine
What is the MOA of pyrethrins?
Neuronal membrane permeability or transport of Na and K is altered –> inhibition of repolarization –> hyper excitability of the nerve
What type of pyrethroids have a greater effect on sodium channels?
Type II
What clinical signs will be seen in cats with pyrethrin toxicity?
Generalized muscle tremors, depression, ataxia, salivation, vomiting, may progress to seizures and even death depending on the degree of toxicity
What can be administered to pyrethrin toxicity patients that are having severe muscle tremors?
Methocarbamol
what is the prognosis from pyrethrin toxicity?
Generally good - but cats are/can be the exception timing to diagnosis and treatment is important
Excretion of pyrethoids
Pyrethroids are excreted by first-order kinetics.
Both the parent compound and metabolites are excreted.
Pyrethroids are excreted in urine, feces, and milk.
T/F: DEET may be combined with other insecticides in pet products
TRUE
What is deet sensitive to?
light
