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Pediatrics > pwdi 12 > Flashcards

pwdi 12 Flashcards

1
Q

Sturge-Weber-Syndrome pathophysiology?

A

GNAQ gene mutation

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2
Q

CM?

A 
Port-wine stain TN(V1 & V2) distribution
Leptomeningeal capillary-venous malformation
Seizures +/- Hemiparesis
Intellectual Disability
Visual field defect
Glaucoma
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3
Q

Diagnosis?

A

MRI of the brain with contrast

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4
Q

management?

A

Leser therapy
Antiepileptic drug
Intraocular pressure reduction

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5
Q

Indication for immediate removal in case of esophageal foreign bodies?

A

Being high risk(2 magnets, battery, and sharp object)
Esophageal obstruction symptom
Respiratory conpromise

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6
Q

If a sharp object is observed in the distal to the first part of the duodenum?

A

Asymptomatic: repeat Cxr after 24-48 hr

If symptomatic: immediate removal

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7
Q

CM?

A

HTN in upper extremity
Low perfusion to the lower extremity (Dec. post ductal o2 sat., dec. femoral pulse and lower extremity claudication)
Heart failure
Palpable intercostal vessel
Systolic ejection murmur at left intercostal area

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8
Q

Low perfusion to the lower extremity?

A

1-Dec. post ductal o2 sat.,
2-Dec. femoral pulse
3-Lower extremity claudication

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9
Q

Heart failure symptoms?

A 
Start to develop when DA began to close on day 3
Irritability
Poor feeding
Diaphoresis
Cardiogenic shock
Tachypnea
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10
Q

Treatment?

A

Surgical repair

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11
Q

When do we need cast after closed reduction in radial head subluxation?

A

If a patient is not able to have full for arme activity

NB: Hyperpronation with head compression is more successful than Flexion and supination.

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12
Q

When do we need an X-Ray?

A

Focal arm pain in age >5
High force injury, focal swelling, and deformity in age <5
But in 3-5 age X-ray difficult b/c poor ossification

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13
Q

cause of Premature adrenarche?

A

early activation of adrenal androgens

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14
Q

CM?

A

precocious puberty

normal bone growth

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15
Q

Complication?

A

T2DM
Metabolic syndrome
PCOS

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16
Q

most specific finding in AOM?

A

Bulging TM
Decrease TM movement
Middle ear effusion
Air fluid level

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17
Q

Pathophysiology of sunburn?

A

DNA damage

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18
Q

A complication of orbital cellulitis?

A 
Visual loss(optic nerve)
CNS extention(infection and CST)
19
Q

Willms tumour(Nephroblastoma) CM?

A 
The MC childhood malignancy
Peak age 2-5
Usually asymptomatic
Unilateral mass
\+/- Abd.Pain, haematuria, and HYTN
Mass arise from metanephros
20
Q

Associated genetic disease?

A

WAGR
Beckwith-Widman-Syndrome
Danys-Drash-Syndrome

21
Q

What about neuroblastoma?

A

MC age <5
HTN less common
Arise from the neural crest (maybe adrenal)

22
Q

Pheochromocytoma?

A

Arise from adrenal

23
Q

PKD?

A

Bilateral

Cyst on US

24
Q

Serum sickness-like reaction etiology?

A

Immune complex
Antibiotics(Beta-lactam and CTM)
Acute hepatitis B

25
Q

CM?

A 
1-2 weeks after exposure
Fever
Rash
Polyarteralgia
LDP
26
Q

Treatment?

A

Remove offending agent
Supportive care
Plasmapheresis/Corticosteroid

27
Q

How to d/t from a rash of IM after Amoxaclin TX?

A

IN IM with Amoxapine
Rash not involve extremity
No artheralgia

28
Q

LCPD and TS d/c?

A

TS: Symptome resolve within 4 weeks, able to bear weight
LCPD: More chronic and not bear weight
LCPD may have normal X-rays in early lesions like TS

29
Q

Childhood depression-associated symptom?

A

Headache

Abdominal pain

30
Q

CM of acute iron poisoning?

A 
Abdominal pain
Haematemesis
Diarrhea
Shock
Hepatic necrosis
31
Q

Diagnostic finding?

A

Anionic GAP metabolic acidosis
Elevated serum Iron
Radiopeque pills on Bdominal X-ray

32
Q

Treatment?

A

Deferoxamine

Whole bowel irrigation

33
Q

Shock and Iron poisoning?

A

Myocardial injury: Cardiogenic shock
Hepatic necrosis
Distributive shock due to systemic vasodilation

34
Q

Abnormal aortic arch ring?

A

The abnormal second aortic arch formation that encircles the esophagus and trachea

35
Q

CM?

A

Food impaction
Recurrent aspiration pneumonia
Biphasic stridor due to tracheal obstruction
Indentation around esophagus at T4

36
Q

How d/t Asprin toxicity from IRON?

A

In Asprin toxicity
Tablet will not be visible
There will be tinitus

37
Q

Spinal muscular atrophy(WHD) and botulism?

A

In WHD
Paralysis more on; lower extremity
Not affect pupil

38
Q

IVH hemorrhage cause?

A

lesion on germinal matrix

39
Q

CM?

A 
Prematurity and LBW
Seizure
Apnea
Bulging fontanel
Acute Anemia
Increase HC
Bradycardia
Lethargy and hypotonia
40
Q

Diagnosis?

A

Cranial ultrasound

41
Q

IVH hemorrhage cause?

A

lesion on germinal matrix

42
Q

CM?

A 
Prematurity and LBW
Seizure
Apnea
Bulging fontanel
Acute Anemia
Increase HC
Bradycardia
Lethargy and hypotonia
43
Q

Diagnosis?

A

Cranial ultrasound

Pediatrics (15 decks)

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