Prematurity Lead exposure Age 6 months, Cow, Goat, soy milk) Age >1(>24 oz/day cow milk,<3 serving iron reach food )

Pedi 10 Flashcards by molla asnake

Infantile Colic diagnostic criterion?

Diagnosis of exclusion
>3h/day,>3/Week cry
Age < 3 month
At the same time(evening)
Parents have difficulty in consoling at this time

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Risk factor?

Inappropriate feeding(many breaths of air)
Gut immaturity

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Management?

Check sooting
Reassurance and support
Good feeding(upright feeding in bottle feding)
Decrease environmental stimuli - Keep in a dark room

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Gerd in children?

Irritability
Spit up
Back arching after feeding
refusal to eat
weight loss

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Tourette syndrome?

Present before 18
Multiple motor ticks
one or more vocal tics
Common in male

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Motor tics?

shoulder shrugging
eye blinking
grimacing
nose touching
head jerking

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Vocal tics?

Throughout clearing
Coughing
Barking 
Grunting 
Squawking
Coprolalia

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Comorbid condition?

MC(ADHD,OCD)

LC(AD,LD,CD,D,ASPD)

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Growing pain?

age 2-12
Occur primarily at night and resolve in the morning
Affect bilateral lower extremity
Normal physical finding and activity

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Treatment?

Parental education and reassurance

Massage,stretching exersise,heat and analgesics

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Risk factor for IDA?

Prematurity
Lead exposure
Age <1(Exclusive breast feeding > 6 months, Cow, Goat, soy milk)
Age >1(>24 oz/day cow milk,<3 serving iron reach food )

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A complication of IDA?

Neurocognitive development can be affected

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Why is cow milk a risk for IDA?

Low content
Ca and casinophosphatide impair Iron absorption
High intake decreases another food intake

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Cental cyanosis?

Involve oral mucosa and trunk

Indicate Hypoxia

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Peripheral cyanosis?

Acrocyanosis/only peripheral cyanosis

Present on many healthy newborns

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Renal and bladder U/S in first UTI indication?

Age < 2

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alpha thalassemia feature?

Microcytosis
Elevated RBC count
HbH(Beta tetramer)
Barts Hb(Gama(fetal Hb) thetramer
Target cell

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Acute chest syndrome sign?

Fever
Cough/Chest pain
Pulmonary infiltration

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Congenital cause of recurrent UTI?

MCC is VUR(diagnosed with cystourethrogram)

Posterior Urethral valve(Onley in boys)

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Renal scarring diagnosis?

Renal Scintigraphy followed by dimercaptosuccemic acide

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Congenital TOXO sx?

Hydrocephalus
Intracranial calcification
Hepatosplenomegaly
jaundice
Bluberi muffin
Chorioretinitis(At adulthood,due to reactivation)
Maternal fever, LDP after cat feces, or undercooked food exposure?

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Management?

Sulphadiazine/pyramitamin + folic acide

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Anovulatory AUB?

Heavy,irregular, and painless bleeding
In adolescence
Due to HPO axis immaturity
Due to anovulation

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When to suspect VWD in AUB?

Other areas bleeding like epistaxis

HSP purpura complication in severe disease?

RF HTN Nephrotic range proteinuria

CM of choanal atresia?

Depend on weather Unilateral Bilateral

Unilateral?

Chronic nasal discharge Maybe symptomatic at childhood May be Associated with CHARGE syndrome

Bilateral?

Cyanosis that worsen with feeding and improve with crying Noisy breathing Symptomatic at birth

diagnosis?

Inability to pass the nasal catheter | Confirm with CT scan

Management?

oral airway | surgical repair

CM of congenital infection?

IUGR HSM Jaundice Bluberin mufine

Is syphilis specific?

Rhinorrhea Abnormal long bone Desquameting rash involves hand and palm

Management?

Penicillin-prevent late complication like Atchison thieth and frontal bossing

#complications?

Open--osteomyelitis Displaced--Malunion Physis involvement--bone length shortening Femoral neck--Avascular necrosis

Jujinal/ilial atresia sign on X-Ray?

``` Triple buble(Stomach,dodnum and jujnum) Absent colonic and rectal gas ```

Pathogenesis?

Intrauterine vascular accident(small bowel resorption) | Maternal vasoconstrictor usage(Cocaine and smoking will increase risk)

Fragile -X - syndrome genetics?

X-linked MCC of inherited intellectual disablity CGG TN repeat FMR protein hypermitilation

Fragile -X - syndrome sign?

``` ID Long face Protruding ear Macroorchiadism ADHD and ASD Delay in speech and motor function ```

Post cardiac surgery pericardial effusion?

Develop within weeks Fever and other effusion sign Pericardial effusion sign Due to autoimmune rxn

CM of causteic ingestion?

Chemical burn/Liquifactive necrosis Affect lip, tongue, oral mucosa, and esophagus Chest/abdominal pain Haematemesis/dysphagia and odynophagia

Management?

Prehospital Hospital(emergency) At admission

Prehospital?

Decontamination | do not induce vomiting or charcoal

Hospital?

Confirm decontaminasion Abd and Chest X-ray--confirm perforation ETI--If significant OP injury Consider lavage if NG tube placed

At admission?

12-24 hr--endoscopy if stable/No RD/Perforation Serial X-ray Tube feeding and Surgery for a severe case

Atlantoaxial Instability in down S?

Laxity of TL B/N C1 and C2 | result in Compression of SC

CM?

Weakness with High reflex Hypotonia Urinary incontinence Vertebro basilar Sx(dizziness,vertigo,imbalance, and diplopia

Tethered cord syndrome?

Associated with Spina bifida T12/L2 lesion No UMS

JRA menifestation?

``` Depend on the type Systemic Polyarticular Oligoarticular all have morning stiffness,symmetric joint involvement and may have small joint effusion? ```

Systemic?

``` 10% Age < 18 Fever for more than 2 week Arthritis >1 joint > 6 weeks HSM LDP Event rash ```

Polyarticular?

>=5 joint May have uveitis No systemic symptome

Oligoarticular?

<5 joint May have uveitis No systemic symptoms

Management?

NSAID | DMARD if not responding

Management of C.diaphramatic hernia?

ET intubation NG tube placement Surgical correction

Breastfeeding jaundice?

``` first week Due to inadequate B/F Due to I.EH circulation and D.Bilirubin elimination Inadequate B.F and DHN In.IB ```

Breast milk jaundice?

2-5 day I.EH circulation Adequate B.F and Normal examination

management for BFJ ?

B/F frequency>10-20 min every 2-3 hr

MC cause for SCD in exercise?

HCM(may have no prior symptoms)

Small for gestational age newborn?

<10 % weight for GA Symmetric (W/H/HC will be affected) Asymmetric (W spared)

Complication?

``` Hypoxia Aspexia Hypothermia Hypoglycemia Polycythemia ```