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Pediatrics > Ped1 > Flashcards

Ped1 Flashcards

1
Q

which vitamin is deficient in milk?

A

VitD and Vit A

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2
Q

X-ray in ricket?

A

Winding of metaphysis

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3
Q

Ricket treatment?

A

Vit D and Ca

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4
Q

Cause of Niemann-pick disease?

A

sphingomyelinase deficiency

AR

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5
Q

CM?

A

loss of motor milestone 2-6 month
Chery red macula
Hepatosplenomegaly
Hyporeflexia/areflexia

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6
Q

How to d/t from tay-sacks disease?

A

in Tay saks
b-hexosaminidase deficiency
No hepatosplenomegaly
Hyperreflexia

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7
Q

Biliary duct cyst?

A

cystic dilation of bile duct

single and extrahepatic form common

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8
Q

CM?

A 
majority of patients <10
RUQ pain
RUQ palpable mass
Obstructive Jaundice with acholic stool
Elevated Panc.Enzyme due to pancreatitis in old children or reflex of pan. enzyme
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9
Q

Diagnosis and Managment?

A 
Diagnose with abdominal U/S
Managment
Tumor resection(relieve obstruction and reduce risk of cholangiocarcinoma transformation)
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10
Q

How to d/t from biliary atresia?

A 
In biliary atresia, there will be 
Hepatomegaly
Absent visible gallbladder
Present with infancy (2-8) week
No pancreatic enzyme elevation
In U/S absent gall bladder/BD/CBD
Intraoperative cholangiography is GS for diagnosis
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11
Q

Managment of BA?

A

Surgical hepato-portoenterpstomy (Kasai procedure)

Liver transplant

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12
Q

Breast milk jaundice?

A

A peak in the second week
Due to B-glucoronidase in milk-deconjugate intestinal bilirubin
Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia

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13
Q

Neuroblastoma pathogenesis?

A

Neural crest origin

Involve adrenal medulla and sympathetic chain

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14
Q

CM?

A 
Midian age < 2
Abdominal Mass
Fever, weight loss
Opsoclonus(rapid eye movt-Myoclonus(rapid extremity jerking movt) syndrome
Periorbital echemosis
Spinal metastasis
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15
Q

Diagnostic evaluation?

A

Increase catecholamine metabolite
Small, round blue cell tumor
N-myc gene amplification

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16
Q

Indications for non-contrast CT in pediatric TBI?

A

LOC
AMS
Foccal nurogic sighn
sever mechanism of head injury((fall(in-age <2,>0.9m in >2(fall >1.5m//MVC?high impact)
Non frontal scalp hematoma and palpable skul # in <2
Vomiting,S.Headache,basilar Skul # in age 2-18

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17
Q

Steeps of neonatal resuscitation?

A

Dry and stimulate
Clear suction
Provide warmth(skin to skin)

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18
Q

when to do first?

A

Term
Breath/cry
Appropriate tone
If above the APGAR will be 9

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19
Q

Ahy tracheal suctioning is not recommended?

A

Stimulate vagus–apnea/bradychardia

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20
Q

Indication for the cardiac monitor?

A

Bradycardia(<100)
Apnea
Gasping
The patient requires chest compression

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21
Q

Friedrick ataxia?

A

Autosomal resecive
Due to GAA repitision
Fraexine gene defect

22
Q

CM?

A 
Dysarthria
LE weakness
Loss of position and vibration(DCI)
Loss of DTR(PRG injury)
MSK(Kyphoscloliosis, High arched palate)
High risk of Hypertrophic CM(Death by age 40)
23
Q

Imaging?

A

Cervical spinal cord atrophy

24
Q

Managment?

A

Supportive
Genetic testing for diagnosis and for family for feaucher risk
Not have disease-modifying drug

25
Q

Acute severe anemia cause In pt. with SCD?

A

Aplastic crisis

Splenic sequestration crisis

26
Q

Splenic sequestration crisis feature?

A 
Anemia
Hypotension-shock
Thrombocytopnia
Rapideley Splenomegaly
High reticulocyte
Manage with saline, small volume
27
Q

Aplastic crisis?

A

Viral flu symptom
Anemia
Thrombocytopenia
Low reticulocyte

28
Q

Fluid managment in DKA patients?

A

10ml/kg NS over one hour

29
Q

Risk factor for sudden infant death syndrome?

A 
Smoking exposure
Age < 20
Inconsistent prenatal care
Prone/side position
Soft sleep surface/loos bedding
Bed-sharing
Prematurity
Sibling with SIDS
30
Q

Definition?

A

Sudden unexplained with symptom or autopsy death

31
Q

NEC risk?

A

Prematurity
Wight, 1.5 kg
Enteral formula feeding

32
Q

CM?

A

V/S instability
Bilious vomiting
Bloody stool
Abdominal Distension

33
Q

X-ray finding?

A

Pnumatosis intestinae
Portal venous gas
Pneumoperitoneum

34
Q

Managment?

A

Bowel rest/TPF
Broad-spectrum IV antibiotic
+- surgery

35
Q

Neonate for C/Difficele infection?

A

Not develop due to absent receptor for Toxine

36
Q

Craniopharyngioma SX?

A

Cystic/Calcified mas in the suprasellar region
Bitemporal HA
LOW pituitary hormon

37
Q

Osteogenesis imperfecta pathogenesis?

A

Autosomal dominant

Collagen 1 gene defect

38
Q

CM?

A 
Recurrent #
Blue sclera
Cond.Hearing loss
Short/normal stature
Hypermobile joints
Dentinogenesis imperfecta
In sever(T2)-pulmonary failure/inutro or neonatal #
39
Q

Sliped capital femoris ephyphisis risk factor?

A

Obesity

Adolescence

40
Q

CM?

A 
Dull hip pain
Refeered knee pain
Alerd gait 
Limited internal rotation
Lateral hip rotation during passive hip flexion
41
Q

Diangnosis?

A

Posyterior displacment of femoral head

42
Q

Treatment?

A

Non-wight bearing

Surgical pining

43
Q

Complication?

A

Avascular necrosis

Osteoartheritis

44
Q

Bedweting is normal at what age?

A

Untill child become 5 year

45
Q

When doea incontinence need investigasion in childrens?

A

When persist more than 4

46
Q

C/I for breast feeding?

A 
Active untreated TB
HIV
Herpti breast lesion
Varicella infection < 5 day prior or 3 day post partum
Specific maternal indication
abuse of street drug or alcohol
47
Q

Benifit of breast feeding?

A

Improved immunity
Improved GI infection
Prevension of infectious disease(OM,GI,RI and UTI)
Dec risk of childhood ca,T1DM and NEC

48
Q

Bedweting managment?

A 
Urinalysis to r/o other disease
urinate before bed
avoid water before alarm
avoid sugary and caffeinated beverages
institute reward system
Enurasis alarm
Desmopresine
TCA(impiramne),if not respond to desmopresine
49
Q

symptome of compartment syndrome?

A

pain and swelling unresponsive to anangesics

4P

50
Q

cause of meningitis in age <1 month?

A

GBS
E.Coli and other gram negative
L.Monocytinogene
HSV

51
Q

> 1 month?

A

S.Pnumonia

N.meningitis

Pediatrics (15 decks)

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