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Pediatrics > Pead 4 > Flashcards

Pead 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Patient, who has anovulatory AUB and has C/I for OCP what to give?

A

Progesterone

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2
Q

What should be done for patients with septic arthritis not respond to vancomycin?

A

add ceftriaxone(cover G -ve and some anaerobes)

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3
Q

when considering tx in infectious mono.?

A

Corticosteroid if the patient has respiratory difficulty

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4
Q

fetal hydantoin sydrome?

A 
Due to inutro phenytoin exposure
microcephaly
wide fontanel
Cleft lip and plate
Distal phalange hypoplasia
cardiac(AS, PS)
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5
Q

Prevention?

A

reduce phenytoin

increase the folic acid dose

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6
Q

peritonsillar abscess?

A

fever
sore throat
uvula deviation
muffled noise

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7
Q

Pediatric constipation risk factor?

A

Initiation of solid food and cow milk prior to 12 months
Entry to school
Toilet training

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8
Q

CM?

A

Painful hard bowel movement
Stool witholding
Fecal incontinence

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9
Q

complication?

A

anal fissure
hemorrhoid
enuresis/UTI

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10
Q

Managment?

A

1st-lower milk(<24 oz) and inc fiber diet and water intake
2nd –laxatives
3rd–suppositories/enema

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11
Q

DiGeorge syndrome?

A 
Craniofacial anomaly(CP)
Abnormal facies
Hypoparathyroidism
Cardiac defect(conotruncal anomaly)
Thymic hypoplasia
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12
Q

bee sting allergy respond but recur after IM epinephrine what should you do?

A

Repeat IM epinephrine

Venom immunotherapy after stabilization

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13
Q

what to do inpatient with bac. meningitis?

A

First, do LP

If critical start Ab before LP

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14
Q

x-linked agamaglobulinimia CM?

A

X-linked recessive
Recurent SP and GI infec
>3-6 month
absent/decrease lymphoid tissue

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15
Q

Managment?

A

Immunoglobulin therapy

Prophylactic Ab

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16
Q

Selective mutism dxs?

A

Selective silence in some situations.
For more than one month
R/O other causes like autism
Considered as part of SAD

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17
Q

Managment?

A

CBT

SSRI

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18
Q

HPV vaccination?

A

2 dose 6 months apart in age <15

3 dose in age > 15

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19
Q

If sexually active?

A

annual chlamydia infection screening in age <25

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20
Q

Routinely done in adolescence health visit?

A

Contraceptive and safe sexual practice

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21
Q

CM of posterior uretral valve in neonate?

A

Bladder distension
Low urine output
Gaining weight in early neonatal days
RD due to lung hypoplasia

22
Q

What to do?

A

Abdominopelvic U/S
Cystourethrogram if U/S abnormal(pos.urethral dilation)
Cystoscopy for confirmation and abalation

23
Q

Tx for otitis externa?

A

Topical flouroquinolol(cover Psudomonas(MCC) and s.aures(2ndc)).

24
Q

Fetal alcohol syndrome 3 pathognomic feature sign?

A

Smooth filtrum
Thin upper vermilion border
Small palpebral fisure

25
Q

Other sign?

A 
Microcephaly
groweth < 10 %
Intellectual disability
ADHD
Social withdrawal
Delay in motor and language development
26
Q

Chylothorax cxs?

A

Exudative
High TG
Lymphocyte predominant
Milky

27
Q

Risk?

A

thoracic duct injury 2ndary to
Trauma/surgery
Cong .mal(down,nannon)
Malignancy

28
Q

Managment?

A

CT/thoracentesis
Limit fat diet
TD ligation

29
Q

Cerebral palsy sign?

A

1-2 year
UMNL sign
Predominantly involve the lower extremity
Downward and inward feet(equinovarus deformity)
Motor development affected
Non-progressive
Basal ganglia atrophy and periventricular lukomalasia

30
Q

Risk factor?

A

Prematurity
Low birth weight
perinatal hypoxic encephalopathy

31
Q

Managment?

A

physical, occupational and nutritional therapy
antispasmodic therapy
speech therapy

32
Q

Cause of Iron deficiency anemia in children?

A

Start cow milk before 12
maternal IDA
Prematurity

33
Q

what about vit D?

A

all infants should be given daily Vit D

34
Q

B-12?

A

in strict vegetarians

35
Q

VIT C?

A

Breast milk contains an adequate amount

36
Q

Ductad dependent CHD menifestation?

A

fine at delivery

begat to be symptomatic after PDA starts to close in the first 24 hr.

37
Q

what are this CHD?

A 
TAVR
T.atresia
Truncus arteriosus
TGA
Hypoplastic LV
38
Q

Managment?

A

Give PGE1 unless concomitant PDA

39
Q

Bacterial AGE symptom?

A

fever
abdominal pain
bloody diharroa

40
Q

Shigella compl?

A

seizure
Bacteremia(fatal)
Low Hus risk
Rectal prolapse

41
Q

managment?

A

supportive

Ab in severe case(not inc. risk of HUS unlike H15:7 e.coli)

42
Q

HL histopathology?

A

Reed Sternberg cells

in cat scratch lymphoid hyperplasia with necrosis

43
Q

Sx?

A

B-Symptoms
cervical/mediastinal LDP
Dyspnea and cough in Mediastinal involvement

44
Q

managment?

A

chemotherapy > 85% cure

45
Q

DMD feature?

A 
Groos motor devt affected
Gower sign
Inability to stand alone in 18 month
Calf psudohyperthrophy
inability to run,go stairs and 
Wealcher dependent on adolescence due to contracture
Normal fine motor and other function
46
Q

Workup?

A

CK level–screening

Dystrophin gene defect –diagnostic

47
Q

Mild DHN?

A

loss of 3-5 % fluid

Asymptomatic

48
Q

Moderate DHN?

A 
6-9 % loss
Decrease skin turgor
Decrease urine OP
Tachycardia
Capillary refill 2-3 %
Dry mucous membrane
49
Q

Sever DHN?

A 
10-15 %
Cool clumpy skin
capillary refill > 3 min
sunken eyeball
sunken fontanelle
lethargy
Minimal/ no u/o
hypotension and shock
50
Q

managment?

A

Isotonic crystalloid IV in moderate to sever

oral hydration in mild and moderate

51
Q

TOF CVS finding?

A 
Crescendo/decrescendo murmur at LUSB
Single s1(aorta closure-A1,pulmonary stenosis--absent P1)
52
Q

acute managment?

A

Knee chest position-In.PVR
also inc.o2 delivery — pul. vasodilation
those both effect lead to inc.RV outflow

Pediatrics (15 decks)

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