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Pediatrics > PEDI 14 > Flashcards

PEDI 14 Flashcards

1
Q

Cystinuria pathophysiology?

A

Inability to transport diphasic amino acid-like cysteine, ornithine.lysine, and arginine in renal tubular cell and intestine.

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2
Q

CM?

A

Recurrent Cysteine stone(unlike other AA not water soluble)
Hexagonal,radiolucent stone
Cyanide NP test help to diagnose by detecting cysteine levels in urine
Family Hx of nephrolithiasis

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3
Q

GI complication of HSP?

A

Intussusception(MC)–Iliocolic is common
GI bleeding
Perforation

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4
Q

Treatment of neonatal Clavicular #?

A 
Reasurance
Gentele handling
Analgesics
Place the affected limb on a long sling and 90-degree flexion
Heal by itself within 7-10 day
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5
Q

lumbar vertebral spondylolisthesis CM?

A

Common in age 10-19(groeth spurt and phy. lordosis)
Athletes with repetitive lumbar flexion and rotation
Palpable steep off on lumbar area(vertebral bodies seepage)
Bilateral or unilateral radioculophaty
Due to # of pars interreticularis)

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6
Q

x-ray feature of the cause of neonatal RD?

A

TTN: Bilateral Perihilar linear streaking
NRDS: Defuse ground-glass opacity, AB, low lung volume
PPHtn: Clear lung with a decrease vascularity

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7
Q

NRD risk?

A

Prematurity (almost all neonates <28 weeks)
BW <1500
Due to immature lung inability to produce surfactant

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8
Q

Management?

A

continuous PAPV

surfactant replacement and MV reserved for sever case

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9
Q

MAS X-Ray?

A 
Term or post-term
MSAF
Bilateral patchy infiltration
Coarse streaking on both lung fields
Flattening of diaphram
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10
Q

Lisch nodule?

A

raised,tan-colored hamartoma of iris

NFT1

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11
Q

Brushfield spot?

A

Whitish gray spot in the periphery of IRIS

DS

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12
Q

Cause of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis?

A

Non-typable H.influenza-45%
S,pnumonia–25%
M.Catheralis–25 %

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13
Q

management?

A

Amoxacline and clavulanate

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14
Q

Are sinuses present at birth?

A

ethmoid and maxillary

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15
Q

Symptom of focal seizure?

A

Motor(Twitching…)
sensory(Parastesia…)
Autonomic(Sweating…)
May have semi purposeful automatism(chewing, picking)
May have LOC/Tods paralysis following the seizure

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16
Q

Management?

A 
EEG(during seizure there will be abnormality)
Brain MRI(more associated with ICSOL than GS)
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17
Q

What signs make you suspect urethral injury?

A

Blood at meatus
Haematuria (pink urine)
Urinary retention

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18
Q

what to do?

A

Retrograde cystourethrography(see contrast extravasation) immediately before any procedure?

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19
Q

Duodenal atresia CM?

A

MC GI complication of DS
Bilious vomiting in first 2 day
Failure to pass meconium
On x-Ray(double bubble sign and Absent bowel gas)

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20
Q

Management?

A

D/C oral feeding
NG tube decompression
Immediate surgical repair

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21
Q

a sign that makes you suspect brain abscess in ABRS patients?

A 
Persistent/focal headache
New fever
Morning vomiting
AMS
Neck pain/stiffness
Focal neurologic sign
22
Q

Diagnosis and management?

A

CT(ring-enhancing lesion)

Drainage and antibiotic

23
Q

Non-bullous impetigo CM?

A

Affect mainly face and extremity
Mild itching and pain
Papule, pustule and honey crust lesion

24
Q

What about scabies?

A

Interdigious area
small papule
Highley pruritic

25
Q

Bronchiolitis Epidimiology?

A

Age < 2 year

RSV is MC ethiology

26
Q

CM?

A

antecedent URTI

weezing,crackle and RD

27
Q

Treatment?

A

Supportive

28
Q

Complication?

A

Apnea(Age <2)
Respiratory failure
Recurrent wheezing through childhood

29
Q

Prevention?

A

Palamizumab for selected patients
GA<29 week
Chronic lung disease of prematurity
Hemodynamically significant HF

30
Q

Physiologic GERD In Infancy CM?

A

Post pradial regurgitation(spitt up)
No failure to thrive or irritability
Decrease by 6 months and resolve by one year

31
Q

Why are infants at risk?

A

Short esophagus
Relaxed LGES
Spend at supine

32
Q

Management?

A

Small frequent feed
20-30 min sit upright after feeding
Decrease supine positioning(make prone when awake)
Decrease activity increase IAP(tight diaper)

33
Q

What about pathologic GERD?

A

Failure to thrive
Significant irritability
Sandifer syndrome(intermittent opisthotonus posturing)

34
Q

Management?

A

Thick food

PPI

35
Q

management of scabies?

A

P[ermethrin

Ivermectine

36
Q

BHS(breath-holding spell)CM?

A

Episode of apnea
Triggered by frustration, anger, or pain
Classified as cyanotic or pallid
Common in 6 months to 5 year

37
Q

Cyanotic?

A

Crying and breath-holding
Followed by apnea, limpness, and LOC
Rapidly return to baseline

38
Q

Pallid type?

A

Following trauma

LOC followed by BH, pallor, and diaphoresis

39
Q

management?

A

reassurance
resolve by age 5
some develop vasovagal syncope at adulthood

40
Q

D/C B/N primary and secondary varicocele?

A

P: Left side, decrease in a supine position and associated with LRV obstruction by SMA and AA and due to valve I.
S: Right side, Not decompress in supine and associated with IVC thrombosis or compression by abdominal mass.

41
Q

Management?

A

L: Reassurance
R: Abdominal u/s

42
Q

Gaucher disease genetics?

A

AR
MC lysosomal storage disease
Glucocerebrocidase deficiency
Glucocerebrocide accumulation in Lysosome

43
Q

CM?

A 
Sever splenomegaly
Hepatomegaly
Growing bone pain
Anemia
Thrombocytopenia
Delayed in groweth
Delay in puberty
44
Q

management?

A

enzyme suplementation

45
Q

Prevention of neonatal VZV infection?

A

If mother develop disease 5 days prior and 2 days after delivery
Isolate neonate from mother give IV Ig for neonate

46
Q

when to give antiviral?

A

If neonate becomes symptomatic

47
Q

neonatal screening?

A 
Genetic/metabolic disease
Hyperbilirubinemia
Hearing screening
Pre and post ductal pulse oximetry
Hypoglycemia(in selected one)
48
Q

Paranoid syndrome in children?

A 
occur due to pineal gland mass
obstructive hydrocephalus sign
Limited upward gaze
Upper eyelid retraction
Papillary abnormality(react to accommodation but not light)
49
Q

where is the obstruction in the crop?

A

Proximal trachea

50
Q

QT prolongation treatment?

A

Beta-blocker and Peacemaker

51
Q

CM rubella?

A

Fever
Cephalocaudal rash
petechiae/erythematous rash on the soft palate
Posterior auricular,subocipital and posterior Cr LDP
Arthritis in adults

Pediatrics (15 decks)

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