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Pedi 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Cause heavy menstrual bleeding at an early age?

A

VWD

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2
Q

A complication of FVIII tx for hemophilia?

A

Development of anti FVIII Ab
Occur in 25% of population
The patient will have Tx resistant hemophilia
Increase severity of bleeding

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3
Q

ALL epidemiology?

A

MCC of childhood tumor
2-5
Male > female

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4
Q

CM?

A 
Non-specific Sx
Bone pain/tenderness(mainly affect long bone, femur, Tibia)
LDP
HSM
Pallor and petechia
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5
Q

Diagnosis?

A

> 25% lymphocyte in BM biopsy

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6
Q

How to D/T from SLE?

A

In SLE joint swelling and effusion rather than bone tenderness

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7
Q

MC type of headache in children?

A

Migraine Headache

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8
Q

The typical age for OSD?

A

During rapid growth
Boys:13-14
Girls:10-12
Traction apophysitis in the site of the tibial tuberosity(G.P)

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9
Q

CM?

A

Pain and tenderness at tibial tuberosity site
Exacerbate during activity
Mainly unilateral
No soft tissue swelling
Pain reproduced by knee extension against resistance

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10
Q

managment?

A 
X-ray if atypical(soft tissue swelling)
Physical therapy
NSAID
Activity as tolerated
Sx resolve as ossification of the growth plate at adolescence
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11
Q

Giardiasis malabsorbiton mechanism?

A

Disruption of epithelial tight junction b/n enterocyte in the small intestine

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12
Q

A complication of Ch.jardiasis?

A

Malabsorption
Vitamin deficiency
Weight loss

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13
Q

What will position be kept in hip septic arthritis?

A

Abducted, flexed and externally rotated to maximize joint space.

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14
Q

D/T glycogen storage disease from Classic Galactosemia?

A

GSD: Hypoglycemia delay to 3-6 months and will have negative reducing sugar in the urine.

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15
Q

Foreign body insertion in Nose CM?

A

Unilateral purulent nasal discharge
Epistaxis
Erythematous nasal turbine
Mostly age 1-6

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16
Q

Managment?

A

Positive pressure

Mechanical extraction

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17
Q

Complication?

A

Sinusitis

Periorbital celulitis

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18
Q

a child with hearing loss can present with?

A

Poor language development
Lack of social skill
Self-isolation

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19
Q

Neonatal HIV manifestation?

A 
Failure to thrive
Chronic diarrhea
LDP
Candidiasis
PCP
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20
Q

Cryptorchidism risk factor?

A

Genetics
Low birth weight
IUGR
Prematurity

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21
Q

Complication?

A

Inguinal hernia
Testicular torsion
Infertility
Testicular ca(GCT)–Increase even after orchidopexy

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22
Q

orchidopexy should be done?

A

< 1 year

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23
Q

When to do inpatient with clinically suspected of nephrotic syndrome?

A

Empiric steroid

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24
Q

What immediate thing should be done in septic arthritis?

A

Immediate drainage and irrigation

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25
Sickle cell disease HB pattern?
HbA--0% HbS--85-95 % HBF--5-15%
26
Sickle cell trait?
HBA-50-60% HBS--35--45% HBF--<2%
27
Turner associate behavioral disorder?
Cognition usually normal Low non-verbal skill(Maths) Poor executive function
28
Gonococalconjectivitis feature?
2-3 day Eye Swelling Purulent discharge Periorbital Echemosis
29
Managment and prevention?
P: Erythromycin ointment T: IM 3rd gen cephalosporine
30
First, tx in epiglottitis?
Maintain airway
31
T1DM onset?
4-6 year | 10-14 year
32
CM?
``` Polydipsia Polyuria, enuresis, and nocturia Wt loss Blurring of vision Fatigue ```
33
Reye syndrome pathogenesis?
Using aspirin for MC in influenza and VZV infection Asprin--Mitochondrial Toxine Liver failure and encephalopathy Aspirin in children and adolescents reserved for Kawasaki and rheumatologic disease
34
Liver pathology?
Microvesicular hepatostetiaosis
35
What if hepatic Macrovesicular hepatosteatiosis?
Alcoholic liver disease | Non-alcholic heapatosteatiosis
36
erythema marginatum cxs lesion?
Pinc Central cleared Raised border Multiple unlike Erythema Migrant(LD)
37
papilledema fundoscopic finding?
Enlarged Blindspot Blurred marigion Congested vessel(splinter heamorage)
38
Humoral immunodeficiency with Low B cell count?
X-Linked(brutton) gamaglobulinimia
39
Normal B-Cell count?
100-600
40
When will be maternal IgG wean?
at 6 month
41
Foreign body ingestion approach?
Imaging on X-ray and CT if not visible
42
If in esophagus: stomach what to do?
Symptomatic--Endoscopic removal Asymptomatic--If high risk(2 magnets, battery, and sharp object)--Immediate removal. Asymptomatic and low risk(non-sharp and small, one magnet..coin)--manage with serial X-ray after 24 hours--If not progressing--Endoscopic removal but if progressing leave it
43
Magnet complication?
atach d/t bowel--necrosis--perforation/fistula
44
If beyond stomach?
Colonoscopy and serial X-ry(4-6 hr) Polyethylene glycol(Laxative) can hasten SYmptomatic--surgical removal
45
Barium contrast in the Foreign body is C/I why?
Risk of aspiration | Obscure visualization by endoscopy
46
A complication of I.Mono?
Acute airway obstruction Hemolytic anemia Thrombocytopenia Splenic rupture
47
Acute airway obstruction sign?
Marked oropharyngeal infn and tonsillar enlargement Hyper oral secretion Respiratory disease
48
Managment?
Steroid
49
Conj rubella syndrome sign?
SN hearing loss Cataract PDA Other(HSM, Blue me fine rash and growth restriction)
50
Maternal Sx?
In first TM Fever Mild/no rash arthritis/arthralgia
51
prevention?
Prenatal screening for immunity and Vaccination
52
Recurent respiratory papilomatosis?
Multiple finger-shaped papules in vocal cord HPV 6 and 11 are risks Usually aquired by vertical transmission Prevented by maternal HPV vaccination
53
complication?
``` Voice change Airway obstruction recurrent surgery(Papilloma is tx with surgery,antiviral are not effective) ```
54
the pattern of joint pain based on cause?
Septic--Constant,not bear wight,acute Infl/rhu--Worse in the morning, able to bear weight,chronic Neoplastic--Worse in evening/night
55
Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis CM?
>2 weeks of daily fever >6 weeks fixed arthritis with inf/rhu cxs Pink macular rash worse during fever Unlike poly/monoarticular form(no fever and rash)
56
Lab?
Leukocytosis Thrombocytosis Anemia Increase inflammatory marker
57
managment?
NSAID
58
CM of the vaginal foreign body?
``` Prepubertal girl Malodoures, purulent vaginal discharge Spotty bleeding urinary sx..dysuria No trauma sign: No laceration Usually toilet paper ```
59
Managment?
Warm irrigation | Vaginoscopy under sedation/anesthesia
60
why not speculum in prepubertal?
Narrow Vagina | Sensitive hymen due to low estrogen
61
The most common cause of Macrocytic anemia in SCD?
Folate deficiency
62
How do we d/t normal separation anxiety (6-18 months) with separation anxiety syndrome?
In SAS there will be panic attach and vomiting
63
Traumatic carotid artery injury cause?
Fall while holding the object on the mouth (ICA located just posterior to tonsillar pillars Penetrating trauma Neck manipulation(yoga,sport)
64
CM?
Neck pain Thunderclap headache Gradual onset ischemic stroke sign(hemiplegia, aphagia..)
65
diagnosis?
CT/MRI angiography
66
How to d/t from CAV malformation induced SAH?
SAH Spontaneous Acute headache, vomiting and AMS
67
What about hemipelagic migraines?
Aura Transient heamiplagia Px headache Hx
68
Disease-associated with IgA deficiency?
Autoimmune disease like Celiac Allergic-Eczema disease like asthma Anaphylaxis during Transfusion(wear an alert bracelet and should recive IgA reduced blood or from IgA deficient donor)
69
In which type of LDP do we consider benign and only reassure?
``` Size < 2 CM Soft Mobile Localized Absent systemic sx ```

Pediatrics (15 decks)

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