Pumps, ATPase

Question 1

Function of kidneys

Answer 1

Dispose of waste and turn into urine

Question 2

Function of glomerulus

Answer 2

Sieve, facilitates reabsorption

Question 3

Function of ureters

Answer 3

Empty into bladder for discharge

Question 4

Function of kidneys

Answer 4

Activate vit D to release renin and increase BP or erythropoietin to increase RBCs

Question 5

What does antiporter do?

Answer 5

Swaps sodium and potassium

Question 6

What does aldosterone do?

Answer 6

Enters cells to increase synthesising of Na+/K+ channels and increases Na+/K+ ATPase in basolateral side
Reabsorb more sodium, excrete more potassium

Question 7

Liddle’s syndrome

Answer 7

Pseudohyperaldosteronism

Decreased renin, decreased aldosterone

Question 8

What hormone changes occur when drinking lots of water?

Answer 8

ADH falls in response to dilution, decreased aldosterone and co-transporter

Question 9

Primary polydipsia

Answer 9

serum and urine osmolality both low, continually drinking water

Question 10

Where is water primarily reabsorbed?

Answer 10

CD

Question 11

Where is osmolality sensed?

Answer 11

Hypothalamus

Question 12

Glucose transport

Answer 12

• Proximal convoluted tubule
• 2 transporters - driven by ATPase
• Glucose-sodium cotransporter
• ATPase excretes sodium
• SGLT1 and 2 reabsorbs glucose
• Type 1 mutation = mild kidney problems
• Type 2 mutation = severe kidney problems

Question 13

Loop diuretic

Answer 13

• Thick ascending limb
• Loop diuretics block Na/K/Cl co-transporter
• Less sodium reabsorbed = less water reabsorbed
• More water and sodium to collecting duct
• Less positive cell membrane = calcium loss

Question 14

Bartter syndrome

Answer 14

Appear to constantly be on loop diuretics