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TFD BC > Pumps and Hydraulics > Flashcards

Pumps and Hydraulics Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of hydraulics?

A

The study of physical characteristics exhibited by fluids at rest and in motion

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2
Q

What is the definition of hydrostatics?

A

Fluids at rest

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3
Q

What is the definition of hydrokinetics?

A

Fluids in motion

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4
Q

What is the definition of friction loss?

A

The part of the total pressure that is lost while forcing water through pipes, fittings, hose, and adapters

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5
Q

What is the definition of engine pressure?

A

Pressure that must be developed at the apparatus to overcome friction loss, elevation, and provide the correct nozzle pressure

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6
Q

What is the definition of net engine pressure?

A

Engine pressure minus any intake pressure

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7
Q

What is the definition of nozzle pressure?

A

Pressure that must be delivered to the nozzle in order for the nozzle to function properly and lfow th ecorrect amount of water

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8
Q

What is the definition of water hammer?

A

Force transmitted through a fluid when an obstruction is placed quickly in the path of flow

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9
Q

What is the definition of cavitation?

A

Bubbles of vapor created in the pump that pass from negative to positive pressure, then collapse or implode

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10
Q

I’m not going to include any of the history stuff since he said it wouldn’t be on the test kk?

A

KK

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11
Q

How much does one gallon of fresh water weigh?

A

8.35lbs

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12
Q

How many cubic inches is one gallon of water?

A

231ci

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13
Q

How many cubic inches are in a cubic foot of water?

A

1728ci

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14
Q

How many gallons are in 1 cubic foot of water?

A

7.418 gallons

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15
Q

How much does 1 cubic foot of water weigh?

A

62.5lbs

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16
Q

Which NFPA is the Standard on Fire Pumps?

A

1901

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17
Q

What are the 3 tests a class A pumper needs to pass?

A

100% of rated capacity @150psi
70% of rated capacity @200psi
50% of rated capacity @250psi

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18
Q

Pumpers will have one ____” outlet for every ____GPM

A

2 1/2”

250

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19
Q

What is the rated capacity of our trucks?

A

1250GPM

5 outlets

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20
Q

What does a fire pump do?

A

Boost pressure

Duh

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21
Q

What are the 5 times that the pumps are tested?

A 
By manufacturer
By UL or FM
Upon delivery
Annually
After extensive maintenance
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22
Q

What is the difference between positive displacement and non-positive displacement pumps?

A

Positive displacement pumps can move air, non-positive displacement pumps cannot

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23
Q

What are the 2 types of positive displacement pumps?

A

Piston and rotary

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24
Q

How does a double action piston type pump operate?

A

It pushes water on both the forward and return strokes

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25
Q

What are the 2 types of rotary pumps?

A

Rotary gear and rotary vane

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26
Q

What kind of pump do our fire engines have?

A

Non-positive displacement centrifugal pump

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27
Q

What is the most common type of pump used in the fire service?

A

Non-positive displacement centrifugal pump

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28
Q

A non-positive centrifugal pump does or does not pump a definite amount of water with each revolution?

A

Does NOT

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29
Q

What is the biggest advantage of a centrifugal pump?

A

It can utilize incoming pressure

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30
Q

What are the 2 basic components of the pump?

A

Casing

Impellers

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31
Q

What is the casing constructed of?

A

Fine grain alloy and cast iron

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32
Q

What is the minimum tensile strength of the casing?

A

30,000psi

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33
Q

What is a feature of the casing that allows for easy removal of the impeller assembly?

A

It is split into 2 sections

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34
Q

What is the impeller made of?

What is the shaft made of?

A

High quality bronze construction

Stainless steel

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35
Q

At the center of the vanes is called the ____

A

Eye

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36
Q

The vanes on both sides are covered by ____ which….

A

Shrouds which confines the water within the vane pockets

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37
Q

What are the 5 pump mounting and drive arrangements?

A 
Auxiliary engine driven (brush truck)
Cross-mounted engine
Power take-off (pump and roll)
Front mount
Mid-ship mount
38
Q

What kind of Pump mount and drive arrangement do our engine have?
Our ladders?

A

Mid-ship mount

Power take-off

39
Q

With a power take-off type, what changes when the driver changes the vehicle speed?

A

The pump pressure

40
Q

What does a power-take off type allow?

A

Pump and roll capability

41
Q

With a power take-off drive, how is the pump driven?

A

By a driveshaft connected to the PTO on the chassis transmission

42
Q

What does “Stages” refer to in a pump?

A

Number of impellers

43
Q

All TFD pumpers are…

A

Hale, single stage, midship mounted pumps

44
Q

In volume/parallel mode, each impeller receives ___ intake volume

A

1/2

45
Q

During volume/parallel mode, both impellers pump to the ____ side of the pump

A

Discharge side

46
Q

During volume/parallel mode, both impellers are capable of delivering __% of rated capacity

A

50%

47
Q

In volume/parallel mode, the total GPM is equal to…

A

The sum of each impeller

48
Q

In volume/parallel mode, the transfer valve between impellers is _____

A

Closed

49
Q

When do we use volume/parallel mode?

A

When you want more than 50% of rated capacity

50
Q

In pressure/series mode, what is the path of water through the pump?

A

Water is pumped from the first impeller through the open transfer valve to the second impeller then to the discharge

51
Q

In pressure/series mode, the pump discharge volume remains _____

A

Constant

52
Q

In pressure/series mode, the second stage impeller _____ the pressure

A

Doubles

53
Q

When do we use pressure/series mode?

A

When less than 50% of rated capacity is needed

54
Q

Does the engine work harder for pressure/series mode or for volume/parallel mode?

A

Volume/parallel mode

Engine does not work as hard during pressure/series

55
Q

Name the 5 pump accessories

A 
Pressure control devices
Priming devices
Discharge and intake valves
Instrumentation and gauges
Auxiliary coolers
56
Q

What are the 2 pressure control devices?

A

Relief valve and governor

57
Q

What is the purpose of a pressure control device?

A

Protect personnel and equipment from surges and rapid shut downs

58
Q

What happens when hydrant water comes?

A

Pressure shoots up

59
Q

What are the relief valves on the engine?

A

Standard relief valve
Separate intake and discharge relief systems
TPM relief system

60
Q

What does a standard relief valve do?

A

Relieves excess discharge pressure back into the suction side of the pump

61
Q

What does “TPM” mean for TPM relief valve?

A

Total pressure master

62
Q

Which TFD pumpers have a TPM relief valve?

A

ALL TFD pumpers

63
Q

What does the TPM relief valve do?

A

Relieves excess pressure from both discharge and intake sides of pump

64
Q

Where is the sensing valve for the TPM relief valve?

A

Intake side of the pump

65
Q

What does a blinking and a solid light mean on a TPM relief valve?

A

Blinking-relieving external

Solid-relieving internal

66
Q

The impeller speed is determined by the…

A

Engine speed

67
Q

Use ____ ____ to control excess discharge pressures

A

Engine speed

68
Q

How does a pressure governor work?

A

Hydraulic line from discharge side of pump transmits pressure rise to a governing device which then cuts back throttle

69
Q

Why are priming devices necessary/

A

Because centrifugal pumps are not capable of pumping air

70
Q

What are the 3 categories of priming devices?

A

Positive displacement pumps
Exhaust pumps
Vacuum pumps

71
Q

What are the 2 types of positive displacement primers?

A

Rotary vane

Rotary gear

72
Q

What type of positive displacement primer do we use on all TFD apparatus?

A

Rotary vane

73
Q

What drives the positive displacement primer?

A

Electric drive

74
Q

There are 12 instrumentation and gauges listed, try to name them all…

A 
Master pump intake gauge
Master pump pressure gauge
Tachometer
Engine temp. gauge
Engine oil pressure gauge
Voltmeter
Discharge valves
Engine throttle
Primer control
Water "tank to pump" valve control
Water "tank fill" valve control
Water tank level indicator
75
Q

What are the 2 types of gauges?

A

Pressure and compound

76
Q

What is the difference between pressure and compound gauges?

A

Compound gauges read below 0 (vacuum)

77
Q

On both gauges, pressure is measured by a gauge containing a closed, curved tube known as the ____ ____

A

Bourdon Tube

78
Q

How does a Bourdon Tube work?

A

Water enters the open end of the tube and the tube tends to straighten. The tube is connected to a gear mechanism that controls the movement of the needle

79
Q

What type of gauge is the master pump intake gauge?

A

Compound
psi on pressure side
0-30 in. Hg on vacuum side

80
Q

What are the 2 auxiliary coolers?

A 
Engine cooler
Recirculating line (pump cooler)
81
Q

Where is the engine cooler usually located?

A

In upper radiator hose

New pumpers installed near pump tranny

82
Q

What does the recirculating line/pump cooler do?

A

Keeps pump water cool when pump in engaged and no water is flowing.
Recirculates water from pump to booster tank

83
Q

What does cavitation sound like?

A

Gravel in the pump

84
Q

What is cavitation caused by and what can it lead to?

A

Caused by running out of water or water getting too hot

Can lead to pump damage

85
Q

Engine pressure formula

A

NP+FL+/-HP+AL

86
Q

GPM formula

A

29.7xd(2)xsquare root NP

87
Q

What is the square root of 50?

A

7.07

88
Q

What is tandem pumping and where are they hooked up?

A

Two pumpers operating from one hydrant

Inlet to inlet

89
Q

When is tandem pumping used?

A

When a single hydrant has more water available than is being utilized by a single pumper

90
Q

When is relay pumping used?

A

When necessary to lay supply lines over long distance

Used to boost pressure

91
Q

Relay pumping hooks up from ____ to ____

A

Outlet to inlet

92
Q

With relay pumping, attempt to maintain ___lbs residual pressure

A

40

TFD BC (26 decks)

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