Pump Ops Chapter 3 Flashcards
What is necessary to safely and efficiently complete the many tasks which a driver may be assigned:
Knowledge, maturity, sense of responsibility and mental aptitude.
Pg 80
Nfpa 1002 outlines?
Standard for fire apparatus driver operator qualifications
Pg 80
In addition to maintaining and enhancing skills some depts may require a:
Medical evaluation of the driver operators fitness for duty
Pg 80
Fire apparatus drivers must always exercise care:
For the safety of firefighter and civilians
Pg 83
You must maintain complete control,
Adjust speed for driving conditions and operated in a manner consistent with the professional image of the fire service.
Pg 83
Also be aware that you are subject to all:
Traffic regulation when driving under nonemergency conditions.
Pg 83
Unless specifically exempt, fire apparatus drivers are subject to:
Any statute, rule, regulation or ordinance that governs any other vehicle operator.
Pg 83
When driving to an emergency with lights and sirens you may be exempt from the following:
Speed limits
Direction of travel
Direction of turns
Paring statutes and ordinances
Pg 84
Negligence is usually found when:
The driver has been found guilty of a gross violation of standing laws, policies or ordinances
Pg 84
The driver operators most important responsibility is to:
Operate the apparatus safely during routine driving and while responding to emergency calls
Pg 84
The most common place for a collision to occur is:
At and intersection
Pg 85
A fire apparatus driver should maintain:
Situational awareness in order to lower the chances of being involved in a collision with an object pedestrian or other vehicle
Pg 85
Before allowing drivers to drive on public streets the should:
Complete training in a practice area or other controlled environment.
Pg 85
Finally drivers must always remember the have no control over:
The publics reaction to visual and audible warning devices
Pg 87
Only effective handling and braking techniques:
Ensure maximum braking efficiency
Pg 87
Unfamiliarity with the controls of driving characteristics of the apparatus may lead to:
A collision causing damage, injury or fatalities
Pg 88
A full water tank provides better:
Baking for the weight and subsquent road surface traction
Pg 88
Accidents can occur because of:
Overloading,
Non Engineered modifications and misuse
Pg 88
Mechanical failure during travel may be:
And immediate occurrence and give no warning resulting in an accident
Pg 89
The primary reason for daily pretrip inspections is to:
Minimize mechanical failures and enhance personnel and public safety
Pg 89
Causes of driver inpairment (although temporary) include
Substance abuse Prescription or otc drug use Personal issues such as divorce Death in family Illness Depression Fatigue Pg 89
Drivers must always ensure the safety:
All personnel riding on the apparatus
Pg 90
All riders must be:
Seated within the cab or body and wearing their seat belts before the apparatus is put into motion.
Pg 90
When loading hose onto apparatus assign at least one member other than the driver and firefighters actually loading the hose
As a safety observer. The observer must have constant visual contact with hose loading operation as well as visual and voice communication (via radio) with the driver.
Pg 91
Close the area where hose is being loaded to
Vehicle traffic
Pg 91
Drive the apparatus only in a foreword motion straddling or to one side of the hose at a speed no greater than?
5mph
Pg91
When loading hose do not allow members to:
Stand on any portion of the apparatus while the vehicle is in motion
Pg91
When tiller training nfpa 1500 allows a detachable seat to be placed next to the tiller operators position for the instructor. The seat must be:
Firmly attached to the apparatus and allow the instructor to be belted in position. A helmet and eye protection must be worn if he is not seated in the enclosed area.
Pg93
Always face inward toward steps and handholds:
When entering exiting and climbing apparatus
Pg93
Do not step or climb upon any vehicle surface unless:
It is slip resistant and handholds are provided
Pg93
Always maintain ….. Points of contact when entering or exiting a vehicle
3
Pg 93
When preparing to start the apparatus whether for an emergency response or routine trip the driver must:
First know the destination and route of travel
Pg 94
If the apparatus makes frequent short runs or operates in very cold climates the exhaust may never get hot enough to:
Burn out the soot and an active regeneration is required
Pg 95
Active regeneration can occur in two manners:
In automatic mode or in manual (parked) mode
Pg 95
Failing to keep def tank full may:
Derate (reduce torque output) the apparatus engine or limit the vehicle speed
Pg 95
Top off the def tank:
Everytime the apparatus is fueled and carry a spare jug of def on the apparatus just in case
Pg95
The driver should never shut down the engine:
After a full load operation or when the temperature gauge indicates that the engine is overheated.
Pg95
After a full load idling 3-5 minutes is sufficent to cool the engine to normal operating temps. Failure to do so will result in:
Increase in engine temp do to lack of coolant circulating
Oil film burning on hot surfaces
Damage to head and exhaust manifolds
Damage to turbocharger that can seize the engine
Pg 96
Anytime a driver responsibility changes from on individual to another:
A mirror adjustment must take place at that time, or beginning of each shift
Pg 96
Once blind spots are identified, compensate for this lack of vision while driving by:
Slowing down before making turns or lane changes into areas where other vehicles or pedestrians may be hidden
Pg97
Angle of approach:
Angle formed by level ground and a line from he point where the front tires touch the ground to the lowest projection at the front of the apparatus
Pg 97
Angle of deperature:
Angle formed by level ground and a line from the point where the rear tires touch the ground to the lowest projection at the rear of the apparatus
Pg 97
Breakover angle
Angle formed by level ground and a line from the point where the rear tires touch the ground to the bottom of the frame at the wheelbase midpoint.
Pg 97
Whenever a vehicle undergoes a change in speed or direction:
Weight transfer takes place relative to the rate and degree of change
Pg 98
The driver should use only as much steering:
As needed to keep weight transfer to a minimum
Pg98
Steering should be accomplished in a :
Smooth and fluid motion rather than a series of multiple turn.
Pg 98
Weigh the apparatus after loading it with all equipment and personnel to ensure that:
The axle loading is balanced within 7% from side to side and within the ale weight ratings from front to back
Pg98
When downhill driving:
Use the service brake and auxiliary brake as well as manually shifting to lower gears to limit speed
Pg98
To prevent engine damage driving downhill:
Limit the downhill speed to lower than maximum rpm
Pg98
Engine lugging occurs when the:
Throttle is applied when a manual transmission is in too high a gear for the demand on the engine
Pg99
Drivers who cross railroad tracks must ensure that:
There will be room between the tracks and the stop light to fit the apparatus while the light is still red
Pg99
Drivers must recognize areas that may become slippery more easily such as:
Bridges and northern slopes of hills as well as areas prone to blowing and drifting snow
Pg99
It may take 3-15 times greater distance for a vehicle to:
Come to a complete stop on snow and ice than it does on dry pavement.
Pg 99
Anticipate that other drivers may not:
See, hear or respond appropriately to approaching apparatus
Pg 100
Use the following to help avoid potential collisions:
Aim high in steering
Get the big picture
Keep your eyes moving
Leave yourself and out
Maintain enough distance from the vehicle ahead to pull out of traffic safely if the need arises
Make sure that other can see and hear. You
Pg100
Use of warning devices should be limited to:
Response to true emergencies
Pg100
Audible warning devices may include:
Electronic or mechanical sirens as well as air horns
Pg101
Short air horn bursts and the constant up and dow oscillation of an electronic or mechanical siren may be:
The best way to get the attention of motorists
Pg101
At speeds above 50mph:
An emergency vehicle may outrun the effective range of its audible warning device
Pg101
In some instances increasing the speed of an apparatus by 20mph can decrease the audible distance by:
250’
Pg101
When more than one emergency vehicle is responding along the same route the should travel at least:
300 to 500 feet apart
Dim headlights and turn off spotlights in situations where the may:
Blind oncoming drivers
Pg 101
Even when traversing an intersection with a green light, maintain a speed that will:
Allow for a quick stop or safe evasive maneuver in case another vehicle should enter the intersection
Pg 102
All intersections with a red light should be approached with:
Extreme caution and the apparatus should be brought to a complete stop before proceeding
Pg102
Gps based traffic signal preemption operates automatically as long as:
The apparatus is in range and the transmitter is turned on
Pg103
…… Is the most likely place for a collision to occur involving an emergency vehicle:
Intersection
Pg 104
Make every attempt to make eye contact with other drivers to ensure:
That they are seen before proceeding
Pg 104
Drivers should be prepared for a driver of a private vehicle:
To pull to either side when yielding for the fire apparatus
Pg104
Driving into oncoming lane is not recommended in situations:
Where oncoming traffic is unable to see the apparatus
Pg104
Avoid passing other emergency vehicles if at all possible. If it is necessary coordinate these maneuvers by:
Radio with the slower vehicle pulling to the right to allow the faster vehicle to pass.
Pg104
When the driver releases pressure from the accelerator:
The engine brake or retarder is activated
Pg105
Visual lead time is:
The time needed to stop the apparatus or perform an evasive maneuver at the current rate of speed
Pg105
Driver operators establish visual lead time by:
Scanning their path of travel far enough ahead based upon their speed.
Pg 105
Your visual lead time determines whether or not:
Reaction time and stopping distances will be sufficient in an emergency. You must match the distance surveyed ahead of the vehicle with the speed of travel
Pg 105
The braking distance is:
The distance the vehicle travels from the time the brakes are applied until the apparatus comes to a complete stop.
Pg105
The total stopping distance is:
The sum of the driver reaction distance and the vehicles braking ditance
Pg105
Reaction distance is:
The distance traveled while the driver transfers his foot from the accelerator to the brake pedal
Pg105
Other factors that affect the drivers ability to stop the apparatus include:
Road conditions
Speed of apparatus
Weight of the vehicle
Type and condition of vehicles tires and braking system
In an acceleration skid:
The drive wheels lose traction on the road surface
Pg108
To maintain control of an acceleration skid the driver must:
Not apply the brakes, ease off the accelerator, and straighten out the front wheels as the vehicle begins to respond
Pg108
A locked wheel skid generally results from:
Braking too hard at a high rate of speed
Pg108
To control a locked wheel skid:
Ease off the brake to unlock the drive wheels and then straighten the front wheels as the apparatus begins to respond to control
Pg108
When driving a vehicle equipped with abs the driver should:
Maintain a steady pressure on the brake pedal, rather than pumping the pedal until the apparatus comes to a complete stop.
Pg 109
There are four types of auxiliary brakes to aid the foundation brakes in slowing the vehicle:
Exhaust brakes
Engine compression brake
Transmission output retarder
Electromagnetic retarder
Pg 109
Transmission output retarders and electromagnetic retarders provide the:
Highest level of braking torque and are unaffected by transmission gear shift changes
Pg109
The least capable of the 4 auxiliary brake devices is the:
Exhaust brake
Pg110
Recommended backing policies:
If possible position the apparatus so that backing will not be necessary
Wall all the way around the apparatus to clear any obstructions
Ensure that all equipment is secured and compartment doors are closed
Require the use of one or more spotters
Preposition lights to illuminate the area where the spotter will stand 8-10 feet behind the apparatus
Back the apparatus at a very slow speed to not outpace the spotters
Use portable radios if feasible
Use backup cameras in addition to mirrors if so equipped
Sound two short blasts of the vehicles horn immediately before backing
Avoid mounting equipment on the apparatus that may interfere with the drivers rear visibility
Pg 113
To safely back the fire apparatus drivers should:
Use all mean at their disposal including scanning between their dirrect field of vision video screens and spotters
Pg113
Backing communications methods between individuals can be accomplished via:
Radio or hand signals
Pg114
Voice contact when backing is of unreliable because:
Engine noise distance and local ambient noise
Pg114
All firefighters performing spotting duties should be wearing:
A reflective safety vest
If anytime during backing operations the driver loses sight of the spotter or feels unsafe he should:
Stop, set the brake get out of the apparatus and check that everyone involved understands the plan backing the apparatus
Pg114
When preparing to back the apparatus the spotter should be positioned:
In the vision of the driver preferable in the left mirror approx 8-10 feet behind and slightly to the left of the apparatus.
Pg114
On occasion the spotter should position in view of the driver in the right mirror depending on:
Hazards present always slightly behind and outside the apparatus
Pg114
Once the spotters position has been established he should:
Not change mirrors
Pg 114
Generally the best side for the spotter is on the:
Drivers size of the apparatus if there is only one spotter
Pg114
Backing straight: the apparatus moves only when:
The spotter moves his forearms. If the spotter fails to motion the driver stops the apparatus
Pg115
Slowing down while backing:
The spotter motions with the arms outstretched to the sides with palms facing down to slow down. The spotter should raise and lower the palms straight up and down.
Pg116
If an urgent stop is required:
Tap the crossed forearms together in an exaggerated manner and use a voice to command stop now
Spotter should also watch for:
Tree limbs, low overhead wires sign posts and other possible hazards
Pg 116
The tiller operators driving assignments include:
Straight line driving
Turning and backing
Proper placement of the trailer at fires
Pg 117
The tiller operator shares the driver responsibility for:
The safety of the public and other vehicles when responding to or returning from alarms
Pg117
Swing up compartment door should always be:
Shut when not in use to avoid the potential that personnel working on top of the apparatus can mistake an open horizontal door for a walking surface
Pg119
Before ever placing the apparatus in motion the driver should ensure that:
Any hose carried on the apparatus will not come loose during travel
Pg120
Nfpa 1901 specifies that any equipment not needed while driving to the scene must be:
Secured in brackets or contained in a storage cabinet. The bracket or cabinet must be capable of restraining the equipment against a force of up to ten times the equipments weight
Pg120
Never attempt to remove any inlet or discharge cap on an apparatus until making certain there is:
No trapped pressure. Open the bleeder valve or drain valve between the control valve and the cap to ensure that any trapped pressure is released
Pg122
One sign of trapped pressure is:
The cap does not turn easily
Pg 122
