Pump Operators Book Flashcards
For pumps larger than 750 gpm, standard pump capacities are found in increments of
250 GPM
NFPA 1901, specifies that the minimum pump capacity for automotive fire apparatus is
750 GPM
Fire apparatus are classified according to the _________ for which they are designed.
Functions
NFPA 1582 recommends rejecting any firefighter candidate who has a hearing loss of ______ decibels or more at frequencies of _____, _____, _____ Hz in the unaided ear.
40, 500-1000-2000
NFPA 1582, requires that firefighters have a corrected far visual acuity of ________ with contact lenses or spectacles.
20/40
Municipal fire department pumpers rarely have pump capacities exceeding
2,000 gpm
Industrial fire pumpers frequently have pump capacities in excess of
2,000 gpm
_______ feature all the standard engine company equipment but also carry a larger than standard amount of rescue and extrication equipment.
Rescue pumpers
Class A
Ordinary combustibles
Class B
Flammable and combustible liquids and gases
Most INDUSTRIAL foam pumpers are primarily intended to produce large quantities of foam solution to attack Class ___ fires and suppress vapors in spills.
B
Most INDUSTRIAL foam pumpers have large foam concentrate tanks on board. These tanks range from _____ to _____ gallons.
500 to 1,000
Onboard foam tanks can be filled from ______ gallon (20 L) containers.
5
The most common size foam tanks for MUNICIPAL fire apparatus range from ____ to ______ gallons (80 to 400 L).
20 to 100
Elevating water devices typically range in height from _____ to ______ feet.
50 to 75
Manufacturers and FD typically use two categorial descriptions for initial attack fire apparatus:
minipumpers & midipumpers
Most minimpumpers have pumps with a capacity of no larger than _____ gpm, although some may have pumps rated up to _______ gpm.
500 , 1,000
Midipumpers also called _________
interface engines
Midipumpers are built on a chassis usually over _______ pounds.
12,000
The main difference between a midipumper and a minipumper are:
size, pump capacity, and the amount of equipment carried.
Midipumpers routinely are equipped with pumps as large as ______ gpm.
1,000
__________ known as tenders or tankers, are widely used to transport water to areas beyond a water system or to areas where water supply is inadequate.
Mobile water supply apparatus
According to NFPA 1901, the apparatus must carry at least _______ gallons to be considered a mobile water supply apparatus.
1,000
The weight distribution and load requirements, pertaining to water supply apparatus, generally limit tank capacity to _______ gallons or less for single rear-axle vehicles.
1,500
Apparatus designed to perform the functions of both pumper and mobile water supply apparatus are sometimes called _______ or ________.
tactical tenders or attack tenders
The majority of wild land fire apparatus, also known as brush trucks, brush breakers or booster apparatus, usually have pump capacities and water tank sizes of less than _____ gallons.
500
Most wildland fire vehicles carry booster hose, forestry hose, or small diameter attack lines (typically _____ inch and _______ inch
1-inch and 1 1/2 inch
Booster tanks for wildland apparatus vary from as little as _____ gallons to in excess of _______ gallons.
20 to 1,000
The ICS, as defined by NIMS, categorizes pumping apparatus (including water tenders) by ________. This method is called ________.
capability. apparatus typing.
Fire boats have been built to deliver as much as _________ gpm.
26,000
Apparatus equipped with an aerial device, ground ladders, fire pump, water tank, and fire hose are commonly referred to as _______.
quints
NFPA 1901 specifies that the minimum pump capacity for an aerial apparatus shall be _____ gpm at ______ psi.
250 , 150
Departments that want the aerial apparatus to have the same capabilities as a standard engine company may specify pumps as large as _______ gpm.
2,000
Typically, on ladder tenders, the capacity of the water tank does not exceed ________ gallons and the pumps do not produce more than about ______ gpm.
300, 300
Engine tenders generally have a pump with a rated capacity of _____ gpm.
500
The _______ is a step-up transformer that converts the vehicle’s 12- or 24-volt DC current into 110- or 200-volt AC current.
inverter
Inverters are generally capable of providing ______ watts or more of electric power.
1,500
________ are the most common power source used for emergency services.
Generators
Portable generators are designed with a variety of power capabilities, with _______ watts of power being the largest.
5,000
Vehicle mounted generators generally have 110- and 220-volt capabilities; capacities up to _______ watts.
12,000
______ generators usually provide more power than portables.
Fixed
Rescue vehicles commonly have larger generators than pumpers. Capacities of _______ watts or more are common.
50,000
Lighting equipment can be divided into two categories:
portable and fixed
Portable lights range from _____ to ______ watts.
300 to 1,000
____ lights are mounted to the vehicle, and their main fucntion is to provide overall lighting of the emergency scene.
Fixed
The most common size cable is a :
12-gauge, 3-wire type
The most commonly used tools are:
Powered hydraulic extrication tools
There are four basic types of hydraulic tools used by the fire rescue service:
spreaders, shears, combination spreader/shears, and extension rams
Most hydraulic power units are not capable of operating the tool at full speed when the hose length between the pump and tool exceeds:
100 feet
______, as used here, means keeping apparatus in a state of usefulness or readiness.
Maintance
______ means to restore or replace that which has become inoperable.
Repair
_______ the exterior of the apparatus is the most commonly performed fucntion.
Washing
During the first ______ months after an apparatus is received, while the paint and protective coating are new and unseasoned, the vehcile should be washed frequently with cold water to harden the paint and keep it from spotting.
Six
In reference to washing the apparatus, the water pressure should be set so that the stream from the end of the hose is no more than_____ foot in length.
1
If apparatus require waxes or polishes, they generally should not be applied until the paint is at least ____ months old.
6
The first portion of the vehicle specifically checked should be the _____ (driver’s) side of the front, or cab of the vehicle.
left
The speedometer should be at or very near _____ with the truck parked.
zero
As a rule of thumb, it is generally best to keep the fuel tank at least ________ full at all times.
three-quarters
Appropriate hearing protection should be worn if any personnel will be exposed to noise levels in excess of ___ decibels.
90
The _______ turns various lights on at specified intervals so that the start-up electrical load for all of the devices does not occur at the same time.
load sequencer
The _______ “watches” the system for added electrical loads that threaten to overload the system.
load monitor
When an overload condition occurs, the load monitor will shut down less important electrical equipment to prevent the overload. This is referred to as __________.
load shedding
______ is the distance that the pedal must be pushed before the throw-out bearing actually contacts the clutch release fingers.
Free play
In general, steering wheel play should be no more than about ____ degrees in either direction.
10
An NFPA 1901 braking test requires that new apparatus be brought to a complete stop from a speed of _____ mph in a distance not to exceed _____ feet.
20 mph , 35 feet
The parking brake should be capable of holding the appratus on a grade of up to _____ percent.
20
Apparatus with air brakes are to be equipped with an air pressure protection valve that prevents the air horn from being operated when the pressure in the air reservoir drops below ____ psi.
80
To test the road brakes, allow the apparatus to move forward at about ____ mph. Should come to a complete stop at ____ ft.
5, 20
Switches on battery charger should be in the ____ position when not in use.
OFF
The starter controls should be operated in intervals of no more than _____ seconds, with a rest of _____ seconds between each try if the vehicle does not start sooner.
30 , 60
If the oil pressure gauge does not indicate any reasonable amount of oil pressure within ____ to ____ seconds of starting the apparatus, stop the engine immediately and have the lubricating system checked by a trained mechanic.
5 to 10
When driving downhill, select a lower gear ______ starting downhill.
before
_____ occurs when the throttle is applied while the transmission is in too high a gear for a given set of conditions.
Lugging
Long idling periods can result in the use of _____ gallon (2 L) of fuel per hour.
1/2
When the engine must be left idling for an extended period of time because of extremely cold weather or during floodlight operations, set it to idle at ______ to ______ rpm rather than lower speeds.
900 to 1,100
Most apparatus accidents occur at _______.
intersections
The ________ is the sum of the driver/operator’s reaction distance and the vehicle’s braking distance.
total stopping distance
Driver/operator _______ is the distance a vehicle travels while a driver is transferring the foot from the accelerator to the brake pedal after perceiving the need for stopping.
reaction distance
The ________ is the distance the vehicle travels from the time the brakes are applied until the apparatus comes to a complete stop.
braking distance
Apparatus should be driven in the _____ lane on city streets.
fast
A siren operating on an emergency vehicle moving at 40 mph can project ______ feet in front of the vehcile.
300
At a speed of 60 mph however, the siren is only audible _____ feet or less in front of the vehicle.
12
When more than one emergency vehicle is responding along the same route, units should travel at least _____ to _____ feet.
300 to 500
Pertaining to the Alley Dock exercise, the boundary lines for the restricted area should be ______ feet wide, similar to curb-to-curb distance.
40
_____ is always the first tatctical priority at any fire incident.
Life safety
Apparatus should be positioned ______ of the fire.
upwind
Another important consideration when determining a good position for attack pumpers is the condition of the _______ and the potential for a _______.
fire building , structural collapse
The collapse zone is equal to at least ______ times the height of the building.
one and one-half
Ornamental stars indicate a high _______ potential.
collapse
If the building is less than five stories tall, engine companies are positioned on the side of the street _____ to the building and aerials are positioned ______ of the engine.
closest , outboard
If the building is higher than five stories, the engines take the _____ position and the aerials are positioned next to the building.
outside
Minimizing _________ provides better discharge capabilities and should be a primary consideration.
lift distances
In most jurisdictions, the most common water supply source is a _________.
fire hydrant
The preferred type of hose for connection to a fire hydrant is __________.
large diameter intake hose
Intake hose sections are commonly ____ to _____ feet.
10 to 50
A good way to minimize kinks in soft intake hose is to put ________ in the hose when making the connection between the hydrant and the pumper.
two full twists
When using front or rear intake connections, the vehicle should be aimed or angled in the direction of the hydrant. This angle should be _______ degrees or less.
45
The main disadvantage of connecting to the 2 1/2 inch outlet is that it _____________.
limits the amount of water that can be supplied.
In a tandem pumping operation it is possible to pump water at a __________ pressure than the hose can withstand.
greater
To set up for tandem pumping, the two engines may be positioned as much as _____ feet (90 m) apart.
300
The two most common functions for wildland fire apparatus are _______ and _________.
providing structural protection and making a direct attack on the fire.
After life safety, the highest priority for most wild land fire fighting operations is the _________.
protection of structures that are exposed to the fire.
Wildland engines must remain _______.
mobile
_______ should precede wildland engines when driving through smoke.
Spotters
When apparatus is used in mobile attack, hoselines should be kept as ______ as possible.
short
Pertaining to wildland firefighting, it is safest to operate in the ________ (burned area).
black
The command post should afford a view of ______ sides of the building.
two
Two types of equipment are used to refill SCBA cylinders on the scene:
cascade systems and breathing air compressors, or combination thereof.
The two primary types of EMS vehicles that may respond to fire scenes are :
rapid response units (non transport) and ambulances (transport).
_______ staging my be used on any emergency response where two or more companies are dispatched.
Level I
______ staging is used when numerous emergency vehicles will be responding to the same incident.
Level II
Also consider positioning additional apparatus _____ to ______ behind the shielding apparatus to act as an additional barrier between firefighters and the flow of traffic.
150 to 200
The ________ is an area surrounding the incident that is closest to the release and may have been contaminated by the released material.
hot zone (a.k.a restricted zone, exclusion zone, or red zone)
The ________ is an area abutting the hot zone and extending to the cold zone.
warm zone (aka contamination reduction zone, limited-access zone, or yellow zone)
Decontamination usually takes place within a corridor located in the ______ zone.
warm
More than ____ percent of the calls to which most fire departments respond are emergency medical incidents.
60
______ is a compound of hydrogen and oxygen formed when two hydrogen atoms combine with one oxygen atom.
Water
Below 32*F water converts to a solid state of matter called ____.
ice
Above 212*F, water converts into a gas called _____ or _____.
water vapor or steam
Water’s _______, or its weight per unit of volume, is measured in pounds per cubic foot (kg/L).
density
Water is heaviest close to its _____ point.
freezing
Water is lightest close to its _____ point.
boiling
For fire protection purposes, ordinary fresh water is generally considered to weigh _____ lb/ft3 or _____ lb/gal.
62.5 or 8.33
The primary way water extinguishes fire is by _____, or absorbing heat from the fire.
cooling
Another way is by _____ (excluding oxygen)
smothering
As an extinguishing agent, water depends on the following:
- Specific Heat
- Latent Heat of Vaporization
- Exposed Surface Area
- Specific Gravity
_______ is a measure of the heat-absorbing capacity of a substance.
Specific heat
Amounts of heat transfer are measured in ______ or ______.
British thermal units (Btu) or in joules (J).
The _____, also a unit of work, has taken place of he calorie in the SI (International System of Units) heat measurement.
joule
1 calorie = ______ joules
4.19
It takes _____ times as much heat to raise the temperature of one pound of water 1 degree F as it does an equal amount of carbon dioxide.
five
The _______ is the quantity of heat absorbed by a substance when it changes from a liquid to a vapor.
latent heat of vaporization
At sea level, water begins to boil or vaporize at ______ *F
212
Each pound of water requires approximately _____ Btu of additional heat to completely convert into steam.
970
A gallon of water weighs ______ pounds.
8.33
The amount of heat a combustible object can produce depends upon the ______ from which it is composed.
material
The speed with which water absorbs heat ______ in proportion to the water surface exposed to the heat.
increases
At 212*F water expands approximately ______ times its original volume.
1,700
Water converted to steam expands ______ times.
1,700
______ is the tendency of a liquid to possess internal resistance to flow.
Viscosity
The density of liquids in relation to water is known as ________.
specific gravity
Water is given a value of ____.
1
Liquids with a specific gravity less than 1 are _______ than water and therefore float on water.
lighter
Most flammable liquids have a specific gravity of ______ 1.
less than
Those with a specific gravity greater than 1 are ______ than water and sink to the bottom.
heavier
____ is defined as force per unit.
Pressure
The weight of 1 cubic foot of water is approximately ______ pounds.
62.5
The speed at which fluid travels is often referred to as _______.
velocity
First Principle: Fluid pressure is perpendicular to any surface on which it acts.
True
Second Principle: Fluid pressure at a point in a fluid at rest is the same intensity in all directions.
True
Third Principle: Pressure applied to a confined fluid from without is transmitted equally in all directions.
True
Fourth Principle: The pressure of a liquid in an open vessel is proportional to its depth.
True
At sea level, the atmosphere exerts a pressure of _____ psi, which is considered standard atmospheric pressure.
14.7
Any pressure less than atmospheric pressure is called ______.
vacuum
Absolute zero pressure is called a _______.
perfect vacuum
______ in the fire service refers to the height of a water supply above the discharge orifice.
Head
The water flow definition of ________ is stored potential energy available to force water through pipe, fittings, fire hose, and adapters.
static pressure
_____ means at rest of without motion.
Static
