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Family Med EOR > Pulmonology > Flashcards

Pulmonology Flashcards

1
Q

triggers for asthma

A

-pollutants
-infection
-cold
-smoke

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2
Q

other conditions often seen with asthma

A

-eczema
-allergies

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3
Q

What is Samter’s triad

A
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4
Q

s/s of asthma

A

-cough
-chest tightness
-SOB
-wheezing

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5
Q

diagnosis of asthma

A

-children: reduction in either FEV1 or FVC by >12% (85% of predicted)
-adults: reduction in either FEV1 or FVC by >12% AND a minimum of >200mL (70% of predicted)

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6
Q

mild intermittent asthma

A

-symptoms <2 or fewer days per week
-<2 night awakenings per month
-doesn’t interfere with normal activities

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7
Q

mild persistent asthma

A

-symptoms >2 times weekly
-3-4 night awakenings per month
-use of SABA more than twice a week

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8
Q

moderate persistent asthma

A

-daily asthma symptoms
-nighttime awakenings >1/week
-daily need for SABA

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9
Q

severe persistent asthma

A

-symptoms of asthma throughout the day
-nightly awakenings
-need for SABA multiple times per day

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10
Q

treatment of asthma

A

-SABA (albuterol, metaproterenol, terbutamine)
-SABA + ICS (budesonide, declomethasone dipropionate)
-SABA + ICS + LABA (salmeterol, fometerol)

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11
Q

causes of bronchitis

A

typically viral or bacterial

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12
Q

s/s of acute bronchitis

A

-cough
-substernal pain
-wheezing
-fever
-SOB

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13
Q

treatment of acute bronchitis

A

-symptomatic treatment

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14
Q

MCC of COPD

A

smoking

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15
Q

COPD symptoms

A

-dyspnea
-chronic cough
-sputum production
-wheezing
-chest tightness

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16
Q

COPD vs EMPHYSEMA

A
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17
Q

diagnosis of COPD

A

-FEV1 less than 80% predicted
-FEV1/FVC ratio: less than (0.7) 70%

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18
Q

vaccine recommendations for COPD patients

A

-pneumonia (over 18)
-flu
-COVID

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19
Q

GOLD classification

A

Gold 1: FEV1: >80 predicted
Gold 2: FEV1: 50-79 predicted
Gold 3: FEV1: 30-49 predicted
Gold 4: FEV1:<30 predicted

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20
Q

ABCD assessment tool

A

-A: 0-1 exacerbations and CAT <10
-B: 0-1 exacerbations and CAT >10
-C: >2 exacerbations and CAT<10
-D: >2 exacerbations and CAT>10

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21
Q

treatment of COPD

A

-A: intermittent use of SABA
-B: SABA + LABA or LAMA
-C: SABA + LAMA
-D: SABA + LABA + LAMA

22
Q

treatment of COPD exacerbation

A

-increase SABA use
-neb
-oral steroids
-azithromycin, augmentin, or doxy

23
Q

solid vs subsolid pulmonary nodule

A

-solid: less likely to be cancer
-subsolid: more likely to be cancer

24
Q

management of solitary pulmonary nodules

A

->30mm: resection
-<30mm: determine risk for malignancy

25
Q

screening criteria for lung cancer

A

-50-80 years old
-currently smoke or quit in the last 15 years
-20 pack year history

26
Q

s/s of lung cancer

A

-cough
-blood tinged sputum
-CP
-SOB

27
Q

diagnosis of lung cancer

A

-CT with contrast then biopsy

28
Q

techniques for biopsy depending on location of tumor

A

-central: endobronchial
-peripheral: transthoracic

29
Q

small cell carcinoma

A

-smokers
-central

30
Q

adenocarcinoma

A

-nonsmokers
-peripheral

Most common type of lung cancer-non small cell (adenocarcinoma)

31
Q

squamous cell carcinoma

A

-smokers
-central

32
Q

large cell carcinoma

A

-peripheral

33
Q

treatment for NSCLC

A

-stage 0 and 1: surgery
-stage 2 and 3: surgery + chemo
-stage 4: chemo and palliative surgery or radiation

34
Q

treatment for SCLC

A

-limited stage with no mets: surgery + chemo
-limited stage with mets: chemo + radiation
-extensive: chemo

35
Q

MCC for pneumonia

A

strep pneumo

36
Q

Dx of pneumonia

A

CXR

37
Q

when do you order sputum cultures for pneumonia?

A

when hospitalizing

38
Q

s/s of pneumonia

A

-cough
-sputum
-fever
-dyspnea

39
Q

determine if patient needs hospitalized for pneumonia

A

PSI and CURB65

3-5: hospitalize
4-5: ICU

40
Q

CURB65

A

C - Confusion
U - BUN >19
R - RR>30
B - BP <90/60
>65
Any criteria > 2 indicate need for inpatient admission

41
Q

treatment of pneumonia

A

-outpt with no comorbidities: amoxicillin + (macrolide or doxy)
if penicillin allergy use a 3rd gen ceph (cefpodoxime)
-outpt with comorbidities: azithromycin + rocephin OR levaquin
-inpatient non ICU: levaquin OR rocephin + azithromycin
-inpatient ICU: rocephin + levaquin OR rocephin + azithromycin

42
Q

s/s of sleep apnea

A

-HTN
-sleepy appearance
-bull neck
-right rided HF

43
Q

diagnosis of sleep apnea

A

sleep study

polysomnography

44
Q

tx of sleep apnea

A

CPAP

45
Q

s/sx of TB

A

fever, night sweats, loss of energy/appetite, weight loss

46
Q

dx of TB

A

ppd skin test

47
Q

in what pts is positive >5 mm ppd

A

-HIV
-contact with TB patient
-immunosuppressed
-xray findings

48
Q

positive >10 mm ppd

A

-high risk workers
-people who come to us from areas where TB is common
-comorbidities
-children

49
Q

positive >15 mm ppd

A

anyone else

50
Q

tx of TB

A

Isoniazid
Rifampin
Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol
Streptomycin

51
Q
A

Family Med EOR (14 decks)

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