Dermatology Flashcards
1
Q
acanthosis nigricans
A
darkening of the skin caused by elevated glucose
2
Q
treatment of acanthosis nigricans
A
glucose control and weight loss
3
Q
Etiology of acne vulgaris
A
-sebum
-bacteria
-inflammation
4
Q
categories of acne
A
-mild: <20 comedones, <15 pustules
-moderate: 20-100 comedones, 15-50 pustules
-severe: >100 comedones, >50 pustules, any cysts/nodules
5
Q
treatment of mild acne
A
-BPO
-tretinoin
-topical antibiotics
6
Q
treatment of moderate acne
A
-BPO
-tretinoin
-doxycycline
7
Q
treatment of severe acne
A
-same as moderate
-can try accutane
8
Q
actinic keratosis
A
precancerous lesion on sun exposed area of skin
9
Q
s/s of AK
A
flat, scaly, rough lesions
10
Q
treatment of AK
A
cryo
5fu
11
Q
etiology of androgenic alopecia
A
genetic
12
Q
s/s of androgenic alopecia
A
-gradual thinning
13
Q
diagnosis of androgenic alopecia
A
-clinical
-biopsy
14
Q
etiology of alopecia areata
A
autoimmune
15
Q
treatment of androgenic alopecia
A
topical rogaine
men: finasteride
16
Q
s/s of alopecia areata
A
-patchy hair loss
-black dots (exclamation hairs)
17
Q
diagnosis of alopecia areata
A
bx
18
Q
treatment of alopecia areata
A
midoxinil + topical steroid
19
Q
s/s of basal cell carcinoma
A
pink/red pearly nodule with visible vessels
20
Q
ulcerating BCC
A
like nodular but with central ulcer
21
Q
sclerosing BCC
A
plaque, scar like lesion
22
Q
diagnosis of BCC
A
biopsy
23
Q
treatment of BCC
A
mohs
24
Q
etiology of bullous pemphigoid
A
autoimmune disorder
25
s/s of bullous pemphigoid
-large, tense, firm topped lesions
-painful erosions after rupture
-**negative nikolsky**
26
diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid
perilesional biopsy
27
treatment of bullous pemphigoid
prednisone
28
cellulitis vs erysipelas
-cellulitis **doesn't** have distinct borders and erysipelas does
29
Treatment of Cellulitis & Erysipelas
-MRSA risk: bactrim, clinda, or doxy
-no MRSA risk: keflex
-bite: augmentin
30
etiology of condyloma
HPV 6 and 11
31
s/s of condyloma
-flat topped papules
-cauliflower lesions
-flesh colored
32
diagnosis of condyloma
-typically clinical
-pap smear
33
treatment of condyloma
-imiquimod
-cryo
-surgical removal
-may resolve on own
34
etiology of eczema
IgE mediated
35
s/s of eczema
-red, scaly, plaques or papules
-itchy
36
diagnosis of eczema
clinical
37
treatment of eczema
-low strength steroid
-moisturizer
-antihistamines
38
etiology of seb derm
yeast
39
s/s of seb derm
-greasy, yellow scales
-erythematous base
40
diagnosis of seb derm
clinical
41
treatment of seb derm
-ketoconazole shampoo
-topical steroids
42
s/s of fixed drug eruption
-erythematous plaque or patch that recurs in the same site if reexposure occurs
43
treatment of drug eruption
-d/c drug
-topical steroid
-topical abx if eroded
44
s/s of dyshydrotic eczema
-tapioca like vesicles
-on fingers
45
treatment of dyshydrotic eczema
topical steroids
| -Betamethasone dipropionate, augmented
-Clobetasol
46
etiology of erythema multiforme
infections and drugs
47
s/s of erythema multiforme
-erythematous, papular lesion
-tense, firm topped
-contain serous or hemorrhagic fluid
-**positive nikolsky sign**
MCC: HSV
48
tx of EM
topical steroids
recurrent: daily
prophylactic antiviral
49
s/s of measles (rubeola)
-URI sx
-**koplik spots**
-rash **starts on face and trunk and spreads to limbs**
-then fades in the same pattern in 6 days
50
s/s of rubella
Maculopapular rash that starts on the head and travels down the body after if fades from face
51
etiology of erythema infectiosum/ fifth disease/ or slapped cheek
Parvovirus B19
52
s/s of erythema infectiosum
-slapped cheek rash
-then spreads distally
53
etiology of roseola infantum
HHV 6/7
54
s/s of roseola infantum
-abrupt onset of high fever
-fever drops and rash appears
55
s/s of folliculitis
infection of the hair follicle with pus in the ostium of the follicle
56
tx of folliculitis
-mild: BPO wash
-moderate: topical abx (clinda gel)
-severe: oral abx (oxacillin, dicloxacillin, cefuroxime)
Cipro for "hot tub" folliciulitis
| GOT CLINDA FROM UTD
57
s/s of Hidradentitis Suppurative
-open comedones
-nodules with sinus tracts
-abscesses
-scarring
58
management of HS
ORAL CLINDA/DOXY AND RIFAMPIN ACCORDING TO UTD
-intralesional steroids (triamcinolone)
-i&d
-biologics
59
s/s of impetigo
-honey colored crust
60
treatment of impetigo
Limited: mupirocin
Extended: keflex
61
kaposi sarcoma
-**cancerous** condition starting as **purple or brown papules** on the lower extremities that **spreads through the skin to the lymph** nodes and internal organs
-frequently seen with **AIDS**
62
tx of kaposi sarcoma
HAART
63
tx of lice
permethrin
64
s/s of lichen Planus
-flat topped Papules, Pruritic, Purple, Polygonal
-**whickham striae**
| Say the Ps really DRAMATIC and it sticks!!!!
65
dx of lichen planus
biopsy
66
tx of lichen planus
topical steroids
67
lichen simplex chronicus
lichenified **plaques** from **excessive rubbing and scratching**
68
tx of lichen simplex chronicus
stop itch scratch cycle with antihistamines or topical steroids
69
tx of epidermal inclusion cyst
if inflamed or infected, I&D
surgical excision
70
s/s of epidermal cyst
raised nodule with central punctum
71
s/s of melanoma
-asymmetry (not round or oval)
-irregular border
-uneven color
-diameter >6 mm
-elevation/change from flat
72
dx of melanoma
bx
73
tx of melanoma
surgical excision
74
melasma
hyperpigmentation on the face in sun exposed areas
75
tx of melasma
tri-luma
76
s/s of molluscum
small, smooth, umbilicated papules
77
tx of molluscum
-typically heal on their own
-cryo
-salicyclic acid
78
nummular eczema
coin shaped scaly plaques
79
tx of nummular eczema
same as atopic
80
onychomycosos
fungal infection of the nail
81
dx of onychomycosis
-clipping or scraping
-bx of KOH
82
tx of onychomycosis
-topical antifungal for a year
-terbinafine for 6-12 weeks
83
paronychia
inflammation of the nail fold with abscess formation
84
treatment of paronychia
-I&D/warm soaks
-oral abx when cellulitis (DM/PVD) Augmentin, clinda, keflex
85
pilonidal cyst
cyst above gluteal cleft
86
treatment of pilonidal cyst
I&D of the abscess followed by sterile packing
87
s/s of pityriasis rosea
-single herald patch
-then generalized rash in christmas tree pattern
-remits in 6 weeks
88
treatment of pityriasis rosea
self remitting
89
s/s of psoriasis
erythematous plaque with white scales
90
dx of psoriasis
clinical bx
91
tx of psoriasis
topical steroids
calcitriol
biologics
92
s/s of rosacea
-erythema
-papules
-telangiectasias
-sensitivity
93
tx of rosacea
-lifestyle changes
-**metronidazole**
-azelaic acid
94
s/s of scabies
-**night itching**
-black speck
-**burrow**
95
dx of scabies
-scabies prep
-jetliner with its trail on dermoscopy
96
tx of scabies
Permethrin
97
s/s of seborrheic keratosis
-stuck on
-dark, rough lesions
98
tx of seborrheic keratosis
-only removed for cosmetic reasons
-cryo
99
s/s of black widow bite
-htn
-tachycardia
-palpitations
-SOB
-excessive salivation
-n/v
-**fang marks and halo around lesion**
100
s/s of brown recluse bite
-pain
-swelling
-**bullae**
-necrosis
-**hemolysis**
101
tx of spider bites
-wound irrigation
-cold compress
-symptomatic treatment
-tetanus
-antivenom
102
etiology of SJS/TEN
drugs
103
s/s of SJS/TEN
-epidermal detachment
-positive nikolsky sign
104
SJS vs TEN percentages
SJS <10%
TEN >30%
105
tx of SJS/TEN
-fluids
-pain meds
-wound care
-steroids and IVIG
106
tinea captis
-grey, scaly patches on scalp
-black dot
107
diagnosis of tinea capitis
KOH prep
woods lamp
108
tx of tinea capitis
-terbinafine for adults
-griseofulvin for kids
109
tinea cruris
large scales with central clearing of the groin
110
tx of tinea cruris
topical antifungal
111
tinea corporis
ringworm
112
tx of tinea corporis
topical antifungal
113
tinea pedis
erythema, scaling, and maceration of the foot
114
treatment of tinea pedis
topical antifungal
115
tinea versicolor
overgrowth of malassezia furfur
116
s/s of tinea versicolor
-itching
-hyperpigmented and erythematous
117
dx of tinea versicolor
KOH shows budding yeast and hyphae
118
tx of tinea versicolor
topical antifungals
119
tx if molluscum contagiosum
-SA
-cryo
-cantharadin
120
s/s of vitiligo
loss of pigmentation with sharp margins
121
tx of vitiligo
none
122
